Kalkuleta na lambar hash SHA-256

SHA-256 (Secure Hash Algorithm 256-bit) wani aiki ne na hash na cryptographic wanda ke ɗaukar shigarwa (ko saƙo) kuma yana samar da tsayayyen girman, 256-bit (32-byte) fitarwa, wanda galibi ana wakilta shi azaman lambar hexadecimal 64. Yana cikin dangin SHA-2 na ayyukan hash, wanda NSA ta tsara kuma ana amfani dashi sosai don aikace-aikacen tsaro kamar sa hannun dijital, takaddun shaida, da fasahar blockchain, mai yiwuwa mafi shahara a matsayin algorithm na hash da aka yi amfani da shi don tabbatar da Bitcoin cryptocurrency.

Cikakken bayyanawa: Ban rubuta takamaiman aiwatar da aikin hash da aka yi amfani da shi akan wannan shafin ba. Daidaitaccen aiki ne wanda aka haɗa tare da yaren shirye-shiryen PHP. Na yi mahaɗin yanar gizo ne kawai don sanya shi a fili a nan don dacewa.

Game da SHA-256 Hash Algorithm

Ba ni da ƙwarewa sosai a lissafi kuma ba na ɗaukar kaina a matsayin masanin lissafi, don haka zan yi ƙoƙari in bayyana wannan aikin hash ta hanyar da 'yan uwana waɗanda ba lissafi ba za su iya fahimta. Idan kun fi son lissafi na kimiyya, na tabbata za ku iya samun hakan a wasu shafukan yanar gizo da yawa ;-)

Ko ta yaya, bari mu yi tunanin cewa aikin hash shine babban blender na fasaha wanda aka tsara don ƙirƙirar smoothie na musamman daga kowane sinadaran da kuka saka a ciki. Wannan yana ɗaukar matakai uku:

Mataki na 1: Shigar da sinadaran (shigarwa)

• Ka yi la'akari da shigarwa a matsayin duk abin da kake son haɗuwa: ayaba, strawberries, yankakken pizza, ko ma littafin duka. Babu matsala game da abin da kuka sanya - babba ko ƙarami, mai sauƙi ko mai rikitarwa.

Mataki na 2: Tsarin haɗuwa (Aikin Hash)

• Kuna danna maɓallin, kuma blender ɗin ya tafi daji - yankewa, haɗuwa, juyawa cikin saurin mahaukaci. Yana da wani abu mai ban sha'awa a ciki wanda babu wanda zai iya canzawa.
• Wannan girke-girke ya haɗa da dokoki masu ban sha'awa kamar: "Juya hagu, juya dama, juyawa ƙasa, girgiza, yanka ta hanyoyi masu ban mamaki." Duk wannan yana faruwa ne a bayan fage.

Mataki na 3: Ka samu wani smoothie (fitarwa):

• Ba tare da la'akari da abubuwan da kuka yi amfani da su ba, blender koyaushe yana ba ku kofin smoothie ɗaya (wannan shine tsayayyen girman 256 bits a cikin SHA-256).
• Smoothie yana da dandano na musamman da launi dangane da abubuwan da kuka saka a ciki. Ko da kun canza ƙaramin abu ɗaya - kamar ƙara hatsi ɗaya na sukari - smoothie zai ɗanɗana daban.

Ba kamar yawancin tsoffin ayyukan hash ba, SHA-256 har yanzu ana ɗaukarsa mai aminci sosai. Sai dai idan ina da takamaiman dalili don amfani da wani algorithm, SHA-256 shine wanda nake zuwa don kowane dalili, ko yana da alaƙa da tsaro ko a'a.

Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, ni ba masanin lissafi ba ne ko kuma masanin cryptographer, don haka ba zan iya shiga cikin babban cryptanalysis rant game da dalilin da yasa SHA-256 ya fi amintacce ko žasa ba, ko mafi kyau ko mafi muni, fiye da sauran ayyukan hash na cryptographic waɗanda suma ana ɗaukarsa amintacce. Koyaya, saboda yanayin da ba shi da alaƙa da algorithm, SHA-256 yana da abu ɗaya da sauran ba su da shi: amfani da shi azaman aikin sa hannu akan blockchain na Bitcoin.

Lokacin da aka tabbatar da tsofaffin algorithms na hash ba su da tsaro, kawai saboda wasu mutane sun sanya lokaci da ƙoƙari don nazarin su don ƙoƙarin gano rauni. Akwai dalilai da yawa na wannan; Wataƙila sha'awar kimiyya ta gaskiya, wataƙila ƙoƙarin fasa tsarin, wataƙila wani abu dabam.

Da kyau, karya SHA-256 ta hanyar da za ta sa ba shi da aminci yana nufin karya cibiyar sadarwar Bitcoin a buɗe kuma a ka'ida yana ba ku damar kama duk Bitcoins da kuke so. A lokacin rubuce-rubuce, jimlar darajar duk Bitcoins ya wuce dala biliyan 2,000 (wannan ya wuce 2,000,000,000,000 USD). Wannan zai zama babban abin motsa jiki don ƙoƙarin karya wannan algorithm, don haka na tabbata cewa kaɗan (idan akwai) sauran algorithms an bincika su kuma sun yi ƙoƙari su lalata kamar SHA-256 ta mutane da yawa masu wayo, duk da haka har yanzu yana riƙe.

Kuma wannan shine dalilin da ya sa na tsaya kan wannan a kan zaɓuɓɓuka, har sai an tabbatar da cewa ba daidai ba ne.

Karin Karatu

Idan kuna jin daɗin wannan sakon, kuna iya kuma son waɗannan shawarwari:

• Kalkuleta na lambar hash HAVAL-128/5
• Kalkuleta na lambar hash RIPEMD-320
• CRC-32 Hash Code Kalkuleta