Isithombe: I-Tyrosine ku-Laboratory Beaker

Lesi sithombe sithwebula okushiwo ukuhlola kwesayensi kanye nokunemba kwamakhemikhali ezinto eziphilayo, sethula indawo yaselabhorethri ehlelwe kahle lapho ibhikha elilodwa loketshezi olusagolide oluphuzi liba iphoyinti lokunakwa. Ibhekha, elakhiwe ngengilazi ecacile enemigqa ehlanzekile, eyi-angular, ime ngokuzethemba maphakathi nesakhiwo, okuqukethwe kwalo okukhanyayo kukhazimula ngaphansi kokuphululwa okuthambile kokukhanya okuthambile, okuhlukanisiwe. Umbala we-liquid ukhipha ukufudumala, okukhumbuza ubungqabavu namandla, futhi ngokushesha udonsa iso. Lo mbala ogqamile usebenza njengokubili kwemininingwane engokoqobo nesingathekiso esingokomfanekiso, esiphakamisa indima eguquguqukayo nebalulekile yezinhlanganisela ezifana ne-tyrosine ngaphakathi kohlaka olukhulu lwe-biochemistry kanye ne-physiology yomuntu. Ukucaca komkhumbi kugcizelela ukucaca nokunemba, izibaluli ezibonisa amanani endlela yesayensi ngokwayo.

Ezungeza ibhika elimaphakathi, inqwaba yezingilazi zaselabhorethri ezisekelayo ihlelwa ngendlela elinganiselayo, evumelanayo. Ama-flasks, izitsha, namasilinda ngobukhulu obuhlukahlukene kanye nokwakheka kudlulela kubhentshi lokusebenzela kanye nengemuva elifiphele, umkhumbi ngamunye oqukethe amavolumu ahlukene oketshezi noma asele angenalutho, alinde ukusetshenziswa. Ukuba khona kwazo kucebisa umongo obonakalayo, okuphakamisa indawo ephilayo ngokuhlolwa nokutholwa. Le mininingwane ecashile inikeza ukujula nokuthungwa, kuyilapho igcizelela netimu yophenyo oluqhubekayo, njengokungathi umbukeli umenywe ukuba ame kancane maphakathi nesilingo elabhorethri ephilayo. Ukucwebezela kucwebezela endaweni ye-glassware, ethuthukiswa ukukhanya kwe-ambient, okufaka indawo yesehlakalo ngomoya wokugxila okuthulile kunokuba kube yinyumba eyinyumba. Ukukhanya ngokwako kudlala indima ebalulekile: kufudumele kodwa kusabalele, kuveza kokubili ukuqina komsebenzi wesayensi kanye nobuciko obukhona ocwaningweni, kuvala igebe phakathi kokunemba komtholampilo kanye nelukuluku eliphefumulelwe.

Ngasemuva, ngaphandle kokugxila kancane kodwa ngokungangabazeki, kulenga ithebula lezinto ezithile—isithombe esimelela izisekelo zekhemistri. Ukuba khona kwayo kusekela isithombe ekubeni semthethweni kwesayensi, okukhumbuza isibukeli ukuthi uketshezi oluphuzi olugqamile ngaphambili aluyona ilukuluku lokufuna ukwazi kodwa luyingxenye yesiyalo esihlelekile, esibhalwe kahle. Lokhu kwangemuva kuguqula isithombe sisuke empilweni esekhona namanje siyise indaba emayelana nokuvundulula, exhumanisa ukuhlola okukhona namakhulu eminyaka olwazi olusekela ucwaningo lwamanje lwamakhemikhali ezinto eziphilayo. Ukubekwa ngokuhlelekile kwamathuluzi elabhorethri eduze kwebhika kukhombisa imvelo ehlelekile kodwa ehlolayo yesayensi, lapho ukubhekwa, ukucabanga, nokuhlola kuhlangana khona.

Ezingeni elijulile, isithombe sikhuluma ngokubaluleka kwama-amino acid afana ne-tyrosine emkhakheni we-biochemistry. Isixazululo esikhazimulayo ku-beaker singabonakala njengesingathekiso sendima ebalulekile ye-tyrosine njengesivikelo sokwakha ekuhlanganisweni kwama-neurotransmitters abalulekile, okuhlanganisa i-dopamine, i-norepinephrine, ne-epinephrine. Lezi zithunywa zamakhemikhali zithonya isimo sengqondo, ugqozi, impendulo yokucindezeleka, nokusebenza kwengqondo, ukubopha umqondo ongabonakali wesixazululo esiphuzi emkhunjini wengilazi ngokuqondile kokuhlangenwe nakho komuntu okuphilayo kokucaca kwengqondo nokuqina. Isithombe ngokubukeka sivala i-microscopic kanye ne-macroscopic, siguqule lokho okungase kube inqubo engabonakali ngaphakathi emzimbeni kube ukumelela okubambekayo kwamandla nobungqabavu. Umbala osagolide udlulisa ukuba nethemba kanye nempilo, enanela indlela i-tyrosine enikela ngayo ezindleleni zamakhemikhali ezinto eziphilayo ezigcina ukuqapha nezimpendulo eziguquguqukayo ngaphansi kwezimo eziyinselele.

Ibhalansi phakathi kokunemba kanye nobuciko esithombeni ibonisa yona kanye imvelo yokwenziwa kwesayensi ngokwayo. Yonke i-elementi—ibhika elimaphakathi, ilungiselelo elisekelayo lezinto zengilazi ezengeziwe, ukukhanya okuthambile, kanye nokuba khona kwesithonjana kwethebula lezikhathi—kuhlangana ndawonye ukuze kudluliselwe umuzwa omkhulu wokubaluleka, ukuqina, kanye nogqozi. Ukwakheka kumema umbukeli ukuthi angagcini nje ngokubonga ukuvumelana kobuhle kwengilazi noketshezi kodwa futhi abone ukulandisa okuyisisekelo: isayensi njengethuluzi lokuqonda impilo emazingeni ayo ayisisekelo, kanye nezinhlanganisela ezifana ne-tyrosine njengezihluthulelo zokuvula amandla omuntu. Ngaso leso sikhathi kuyisithombe samakhemikhali njengendlela yobuciko kanye nokuzindla ngomthelela wocwaningo lwamakhemikhali ezinto eziphilayo empilweni nempilo.

Isithombe sihlobene: Isimo, Ukugqugquzelwa, I-Metabolism: Kungani I-Tyrosine Idinga Indawo Esitaki Sakho Sokwengeza