Isithombe: Umfanekiso wamathambo aqinile

Njengoba ugcwele ukukhanya kwelanga okusagolide, lo mfanekiso omangalisayo ubungaza ubuhle namandla ohlelo lwamathambo abantu kuyilapho ulubeka ngaphakathi kwesigqi esibanzi semvelo. Okubusa ngaphambili kuwumfanekiso oyisikhumbuzo wamathambo amabili e-femur, izindawo zawo ezibushelelezi futhi ezicwebezelayo, ezihlanganisa ukuqina nobungqabavu. Kwesokunxele, ingxenye yesiphambano yelinye lala mathambo ivezwe ngemininingwane emangalisayo, eveza isimangaliso esimangalisayo sokwakheka komuntu. Ithambo lekhohlo elingaphandle libonakala liminyene futhi liqinile, kuyilapho abalandeli bethambo le-trabecular bangaphakathi bephumela ngaphandle endaweni ethambile ye-branching struts, ecishe ifane nezindandatho eziyinkimbinkimbi zesiqu sesihlahla. Esikhungweni sawo kukhona umgodi we-medullary ongenalutho, okuphakamisa kokubili ukuvikelwa nokusebenza, isikhumbuzo sendima ebalulekile yomnkantsha ekukhiqizeni amangqamuzana egazi nasekusekeleni ukuphila ngokwawo.

Indawo emaphakathi yethula isibalo esigcwele samathambo, simile siqondile futhi sicishe sikhanye, isakhiwo saso sikhazimula ngobungqabavu. Ubambo ngalunye, i-vertebra, nesitho kunikezwa ngokucacile, okubonisa ukuxhumana kwesistimu yamathambo kanye nokuvumelana okuvela lapho zonke izingxenye zisebenza njengento eyodwa. Lesi sibalo sohlaka lwamathambo awethulwa njengesabisayo noma esingaphili kodwa njengesinamandla, cishe senziwe samuntu, uphawu lokulinganisela nokukhuthazela komuntu. Ukukhanya kwayo okuluhlaza kuqhathanisa kahle namathoni afudumele emvelo, akugcizeleli ubuthakathaka kodwa amandla, njengokungathi uhlaka lwamathambo ngokwawo lunikezwa amandla ukuphila okusizungezile.

Ngemuva kwalokhu kugxila kwe-anatomical kunendawo eluhlaza okotshani, enwebeka ngaphandle emkhathizwe egcwele izihlahla ezishiswe ukukhanya kwelanga. Ingemuva, elithanjiswe imisebe yegolide ehlunga emaqabunga, linikeza umongo wemvelo ocebisa umlayezo obonakalayo: impilo yamathambo ayiyona into engavamile kodwa ixhumene ngokujulile nokondliwa kanye namandla anikezwa imvelo. Ukuhlangana phakathi kwamandla aminyene amathambo kanye nokunyakazisa okuthambile, okuphilayo kwehlathi kudlulisa umuzwa onamandla wokuzwana, okuphakamisa ukuthi impilo yomzimba isekelwa ukuchichima komhlaba wemvelo.

Ukukhanyisa endaweni kujulisa lokhu kuxhumana. Ukukhanya okufudumele, okusagolide kugqamisa ukugoba okushelelayo kwe-femur, kucwebezela kuhlaka lwamathambo, futhi kukhanyisa kancane ingxenye enqamulayo enemininingwane, kuguqula ukunemba kwesayensi kwe-anatomy kube into ecishe ibe ubuciko. Kwakha ibhuloho phakathi kokuqonda komtholampilo kanye nokwazisa okuphelele, kukhumbuza umbukeli ukuthi amathambo awawona nje ukusekelwa kwesakhiwo kodwa izicubu eziphilayo, eziguqukayo ezisabela ekudleni, ukunyakaza, nendawo ezungezile. Njengoba nje ihlathi lichuma ngaphansi kokukhanya kwelanga nokondliwa, ngokufanayo nohlaka lwamathambo omuntu luyachuma lapho lunikezwa amaminerali, umsebenzi nokunakekelwa olukudingayo.

Ndawonye, lezi zici zihlangana ukuze zenze indawo efundisayo nengokomfanekiso. Amathambo awethulwa njengezinto ezingabonakali kodwa njengezingxenye ezibalulekile ze-ecosystem enkulu, esekelwe emijikelezweni yemvelo. I-cross-section yembula ubunkimbinkimbi obufihliwe, uhlaka lwamathambo olumile lubonisa ukuhlangana namandla, futhi ingemuva eliqhakazile ligcizelela ukuxhumana okubalulekile phakathi komzimba womuntu nendawo yawo. Umkhathi uwonke ungowokuqina, amandla, nokulinganisela—isikhumbuzo sokuthi impilo yomuntu ayinakuhlukaniswa nemvelo eyigcinayo.

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