Ama-Hops ku-Beer Brewing: i-Golding (BC)
Kushicilelwe: Meyi 26, 2026 20:42:25 UTC
Ama-hop e-Golding (BC), akhuliswe eNyakatho-ntshonalanga yePacific, ayinzalo ye-East Kent Goldings edumile. Avela eBritish Columbia futhi manje akhuliswa eWashington nase-Oregon. Lawa ma-hop ayaziswa ngenxa yezimbali zawo ezithambile nezinongwe, ezibalulekile kuma-ales endabuko aseNgilandi.
Hops in Beer Brewing: Golding (BC)

Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Kokubili ekwenzeni ubhiya ekhaya kanye nokwenza ubhiya obuchwepheshile, ama-Goldings hops aneza ukunambitheka okuhlukile. Aletha ukhilimu, i-caramel, i-cardamom, kanye namanothi oju ngaphandle kokubusa izindlela zokupheka zesimanje. Njengoba enama-alpha acid acishe abe ngu-4-6% kanye namafutha aphelele asezingeni eliphansi elingu-0.4-1.0%, alungele ukungezwa kwe-aroma-forward late kanye nama-dry hops athambile.
Okuthathwayo Okubalulekile
- Ama-hops e-Golding (BC) ayinzalo ye-East Kent Goldings ekhulele eNyakatho-ntshonalanga yePacific enephunga elivamile lesiNgisi.
- Ama-alpha acid ngokuvamile asukela ku-4–6%, kanti uwoyela ophelele ophansi (0.4–1.0%) ufanelekela ukungezwa kwephunga elimnandi.
- Amanothi okunambitheka afaka ukhilimu, i-caramel, izimbali, okubabayo, i-cardamom, noju.
- Itholakala kubapheki bebhiya basekhaya njengama-hop pellet amancane kanye nakubapheki bebhiya ngezindlela ezinkulu zokuthengisa ngobuningi.
- Isetshenziswa kakhulu ngabakhi bezinto zobuciko baseMelika ukuze banikeze ubuntu bendabuko ngaphandle kokusebenzisa kakhulu izingxube ze-hop zesimanje.
Ukubuka konke kwe-Golding (BC) hops
Ama-hop e-Golding (BC) aletha iphunga elihlanzekile, lesitayela saseNgilandi elifiswa ngabapheki abaningi base-US. Lolu hlobo lwaqala njengoba i-US Golding isatshalaliswa kusuka esitokweni saseNgilandi. Yabe isijwayela isimo sezulu saseNyakatho Melika. Abapheki bayawazisa ngenxa yezimbali zayo ezilinganiselayo nezinongo ezithambile, ezifanele kakhulu ama-ales endabuko kanye nobhiya besimanje bobuciko.
Imvelaphi kanye nozalo
Indaba yemvelaphi yeGolding (BC) iqala ngokutshala eBritish Columbia. Abalimi bethula izingcezu kanye nokukhetha kusuka emigqeni yesiNgisi kuya ezindaweni zokukhulisa izitshalo zaseBC. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izinhlobo zachuma futhi zasakazekela eWashington nase-Oregon. Ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-1990 kwabonakala ukwanda kokukhiqizwa kwama-hops asePacific Northwest.
Indlela iGolding (BC) ehlobene ngayo ne-East Kent Goldings
I-Golding (BC) iyinzalo eqondile ye-East Kent Goldings edumile, hhayi isitoko sokuqala saseCanterbury. Uhlu lozalo lwe-East Kent Goldings luqala ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-18, ngezinhlobo ezifana ne-Cobb kanye ne-Early Choice. Igama le-East Kent livikelwe e-EU, ngakho-ke izitshalo ezikhuliswe eMelika zibizwa ngokuthi yi-US Goldings. Noma kunjalo, zigcina leyo phrofayili yephunga lesiNgisi elivamile.
Kungani iGolding (BC) ibalulekile kubapheki bezinto zobuciko baseMelika
Umlando we-US Golding uyindaba yomlingiswa we-hop waseNgilandi owela i-Atlantic futhi ejwayela inhlabathi entsha. Lapho kunzima ukuthola i-East Kent Goldings, i-Golding (BC) ingena ngamanothi ayo ezimbali anokwethenjelwa kanye noju. Ingqalasizinda ye-hops yasePacific Northwest iqinisekisa ukutholakala okuqhubekayo. Lokhu kwenza i-Golding (BC) ibe ukukhetha okusebenzayo kobhiya besikhathi, ama-bitter, nama-ales aphuzi adinga iphunga elincane le-hop ngaphandle kokubaba okukhulu.

Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Ukunambitheka kanye nephunga elimnandi le-Golding (BC) hops
I-Golding (BC) hop yaziwa ngobunjalo bayo obuthambile, obulinganiselayo, okwenza ifaneleke kakhulu kuma-ales ahamba phambili nge-malt. Ukulawula kwayo kuvumela amanothi athambile ukuthi akhanye ngaphezu kwesisekelo se-malt esithambile. Lokhu kuyenza ifaneleke kakhulu kumabhiya asesikhathini kanye nobhiya bendabuko besitayela saseNgilandi, lapho ubuciko bubalulekile khona.
Amanothi kakhilimu ne-caramel
Ama-hop e-Golding (BC) anikeza amacebiso athambile okhilimu kanye ne-caramel, ahambisana nama-biscuit kanye nama-toffee malts. Lawa ma-hop e-caramel akhilimu engeza ukujula ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ama-ester e-yeast amaningi. Asetshenziswa kangcono ekungezeni kamuva ukuze kulondolozwe izithako ze-malt ezithambile.
Izici zezimbali nezinongo
I-hop inombala wezimbali othambile onomphetho ophuzi kancane. Ichazwa njenge-hop ebabayo enezimbali ethuthukisa iphunga likabhiya ngaphandle kokulilawula. Leli khwalithi yezimbali elithambile lihle kakhulu ekuxubeni nezinhlobo ezinhle noma zezwekazi.
Izakhi ezimnandi nezithambile ezifana ne-cardamom noju
Ama-nuances amnandi namakhambi athambile, afana ne-cardamom noju, akhona ngaphansi kwamanothi ayinhloko. Lawa ma-honey hop e-cardamom engeza ubumnandi obuncane kanye nokuphakanyiswa kwamakhambi. Alungele ukwengeza okugxile ephunga kanye nokugxuma okumanzi, okuhlose ukuguquguquka.

Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Ama-Alpha nama-beta acid ku-Golding (BC) hops
Ukuqonda iphrofayili ye-asidi kubalulekile kubapheki bebhiya lapho besebenzisa i-Golding (BC) ezindleleni zokupheka. Ibhalansi phakathi kwamandla okubaba kanye nokugcinwa kwephunga kubalulekile. Lokhu kulinganisela kwenza i-Golding (BC) ivelele kubhiya besitayela saseNgilandi kanye nama-ales alula.
Uhla olujwayelekile lwe-alpha acid kanye nemiphumela yokubaba
I-Golding (BC) ngokuvamile inama-alpha acid asukela ku-4% kuya ku-6%. Lolu hlu oluphakathi lusho ukuthi i-Golding alpha acid inegalelo lokubaba okuthambile nokuyindilinga. Akuyona ukubaba okunamandla.
Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwe-ales kanye ne-bitter yendabuko, i-Golding (BC) yengeza ibhalansi ngaphandle kokunqoba i-malt. Kulabo abafuna ukubaba okunamandla, ukuhlanganisa i-Golding (BC) ne-higher-alpha hop kuyalulekwa.
Ama-asidi e-Beta kanye nendima ekuqineni kwephunga
Ama-beta acid egolide ngokuvamile asukela ku-2% kuya ku-3%. Lawa ma-asidi awabangeli ukubaba okukhulu ngesikhathi sokubilisa.
Kodwa-ke, zidlala indima ebalulekile ekuzinzeni kwephunga ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Njengoba amazinga e-beta acid ephansi, ama-Golding hops asekela iphunga elimnandi, elihlala isikhathi eside lezimbali noju. Ukugcinwa nokuphathwa okufanele kubalulekile ukuze kulondolozwe lokhu.
- Gcina indawo ebandayo yokugcina ukuze ulondoloze amafutha aguquguqukayo asebenza nama-Golding beta acid.
- Nciphisa ukuchayeka komoya-mpilo ezinguqukweni ze-oxidative ezihamba kancane ezithinta ama-hops okuqina kwephunga.
- Sebenzisa izithako ezifakwe sekwephuzile noma i-dry hopping ukuze ugqamise iphrofayili ethambile ye-hop ngenkathi unciphisa ukulahleka kwephunga.

Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Amafutha abalulekile kanye ne-hop chemistry
I-Golding (BC) ikhombisa iphrofayili yamafutha eyinkimbinkimbi kodwa evinjelwe, okubangela iphunga layo elithambile lezimbali namakhambi. Abapheki bewayini bavame ukuphendukela kumafutha e-Golding hop ukuze bahlele ukwengeza okuphuzile kanye nokuxuba okumanzi. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukufeza iphunga elincane, kunokuba kube ukunambitheka okuqinile kwe-citrus noma kwe-tropical.
Okuqukethwe kwe-Myrcene kanye negalelo layo ephunga elimnandi
I-Myrcene Goldings ngokuvamile yakha cishe u-25-35% wamafutha ezinhlobo. Le terpene inikeza amanothi aluhlaza, ane-resin kanye nomphetho wezithelo obuthakathaka. Isekela umgogodla wezimbali ze-hop, inezela ukukhanya okuvinjelwe kunokuba ithele kakhulu.
Izilinganiso ze-Humulene ne-caryophyllene kanye nomthelela wokunambitheka
I-Humulene ivame ukumelela u-35–45% wengxenye kawoyela, iveza imibala efana nokhuni, yezitshalo, kanye nephunga elimnandi. Lawa mabala achaza iphunga elijwayelekile lesitayela sesiNgisi. I-Caryophyllene Golding ivela cishe ku-13–16%, ifaka ukulunywa okufana nepelepele okugcwalisa iphrofayili yamakhambi.
Uhla lwamafutha oluphelele oluphansi nokuthi lokho kusho ukuthini ngokusetshenziswa kwephunga eliya phambili
Ama-Golding hop aphelele aphansi, acishe abe ngu-0.4–1.0%, okwenza abe namafutha amancane kune-aromahop amaningi anamuhla. Lawa mafutha aphelele aphansi adinga abakhiqizi bebhiya ukuthi basebenzise izithako ezisanda kwengezwa noma amazinga e-dry-hop aqinile ukuze bathole iphunga elizwakalayo. Umphumela uba iphunga elinobunono, elinezingqimba eligcina ubuhle bezinhlobo.

Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Isizinda sezolimo kanye nezinselele zokulima
Uhambo lwe-Golding hop oluya eNyakatho Melika luyindaba yokuzivumelanisa kwezolimo okuthule. Abalimi esifundeni bavumelanisa iphunga lesiNgisi nenhlabathi entsha kanye nezimo zezulu. Lokhu kuzivumelanisa kwakha imikhuba yesimanje ekulimeni kwe-Golding BC kanye nezivivinyo zokuqala zase-US. Ukuguquka enyakatho naphesheya kwemingcele yesifundazwe kwathonya ukuqeqeshwa komvini, ukunisela, kanye nesikhathi sokuvuna.
Umlando wokulima eBritish Columbia
EBritish Columbia, kwaqala ukusabalala kwezitshalo zohlobo lweGolding lwase-US ngokuhweba. Abalimi bahlola izitshalo ezivela e-East Kent ukuze bathole ukugcinwa kwephunga kanye nokuqina kwesivuno. Lezi zinsimu zase-BC zakuqala zafakazela ukuthi uhlobo lunganikeza amanothi ezimbali noju lwesiNgisi ajwayelekile ngaphandle kweNgilandi.
Ukushintshela ekukhiqizweni kwePacific Northwest eWashington nase-Oregon
Ngasekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-1990, ukukhiqizwa kwathuthela eWashington nase-Oregon. Amapulazi amakhulu e-hop ePacific Northwest anikeza ukukala, ukunisela, kanye nokuqapha izinambuzane okusunguliwe. Lolu shintsho lwasiza ekusunguleni iGolding Pacific Northwest njengomthombo othembekile wabenzi bobhiya baseMelika.
Izinselele ezivamile zokukhula kwezinhlobo zeGolding
Izinhlobo ze-golding zidinga ukunakwa kakhulu ensimini. Ukuzwela isimo sezulu sendawo kungaholela ekukhuleni kwama-cone angalingani kanye nesivuno esiguquguqukayo. Abalimi kumele balungise ukuthena, ukuphakama kwe-trellis, kanye nokuvuna amafasitela ukuze kulondolozwe ama-aromatics athambile.
- Ukucindezeleka kwezinambuzane nezifo kudinga ukuhlolwa okuvamile kanye nokungenelela ngesikhathi.
- Ukugeleza kwamanzi emhlabathini kanye nokuzala kuthinta isisindo sekhoni kanye nokwakheka kwamafutha.
- Isivuno esiguquguqukayo sisho ukuthi abalimi balinganisela i-acreage ngokumelene nentengo kanye nesidingo semakethe.
Naphezu kwezinselele, isidingo esiqhubekayo sabapheki bobhiya senza abakhiqizi bathuthukise amasu abo. Ukukhetha indawo ngokucophelela kanye nokuphathwa okusebenzayo kubalulekile ekukhiqizeni iphunga elifiswa ngabapheki bobhiya ngokutshala iGoldings esifundeni.

Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
I-Terroir kanye nendlela izimo zasePacific Northwest ezibumba ngayo iGolding (BC)
I-Golding (BC) ikhombisa ukuhlukahluka okuqhutshwa yi-terroir okumele abapheki bebhiya bakucabangele lapho bethenga ama-hop avela eWashington, e-Oregon, noma ezindaweni ezazitshalwe eBritish Columbia. Isimo sezulu sendawo, amaphethini okukhanya kwelanga, kanye nenhlabathi ezingeni lensimu konke kuthonya ibhalansi kanye nokubonakaliswa kwamafutha abalulekile.
Ithonya lokukhanya kwelanga, i-UV, kanye nokuvumelana kwesimo sezulu
ENyakatho-ntshonalanga yePacific, ubude bemini buqhubeka kahle kuze kube sehlobo. Lokhu kukhanya kwelanga okude kuthinta isikhathi se-photosynthesis, okungenzeka kwandise ezinye izandulela ze-terpene. Lokhu kuphumela ekuhlukeni okuncane uma kuqhathaniswa ne-East Kent Goldings, ezizuza ngesimo sezulu esihlala njalo se-peninsula kanye nokuvezwa kwe-UV, okulondoloza iphrofayili yazo yezimbali zakudala.
Ukuchayeka ku-UV kuthinta ama-hop cone ngokukhuthaza ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali anuka kamnandi kanye nezitshalo ezicindezelayo ngezindlela ezishintsha isilinganiso samafutha. Lokhu kuvame ukuholela ekutheni iPacific Northwest hops terroir iveze amanothi aphezulu akhanyayo, ane-resin lapho amazinga e-UV ephakama ngasekupheleni kwesizini.
Inhlabathi kanye nemiphumela ye-microclimate ekuvezeni iphunga
Ukwakheka kwenhlabathi kubalulekile. Inhlabathi ehlukene njenge-sandy loam, umlotha wentaba-mlilo, kanye nobumba olunzima kuthinta ukutholakala kwezakhamzimba kanye nokugcinwa kwamanzi. Lezi zinto zithinta isilinganiso se-myrcene kanye ne-humulene, okuholela ekuhlukeni kwezimbali, okubabayo, noma okunoju emapulazini.
Izimo zezulu ezincane ngaphakathi kwesigodi esisodwa zingaletha ukushintshashintsha kwephunga elincane kodwa elibalulekile. Abapheki bewayini abathenga iGolding (BC) kufanele balindele ukuhlukahluka phakathi kwamapulazi kunokulindela ukufana okuqondile kohlobo lwase-East Kent. Ukuqonda isimo sezulu esincane senhlabathi ezingeni lephasela kusiza ekubikezeleni ukuthi kuzokwenzekani kakhulu ekungezeni kwezitshalo sekwephuzile noma ukugxuma okumanzi.
- Ukukhanya kwelanga okude ePacific kungakhulisa ama-terpenes athile athanda ukuphakanyiswa kwephunga.
- Ama-hops aphezulu e-UV esizini angase athuthukise amanothi anombala we-resin, aphakanyisiwe yi-citrus.
- Ama-hops enhlabathini anquma umswakama kanye nokucindezeleka kwezakhamzimba, okwenza kube nokuhlushwa kwamafutha.
Ukuqhathaniswa ne-East Kent Goldings kanye namanye ama-clone e-Golding
I-Golding (BC) isuka emndenini we-English Goldings wakudala. Lokhu kwenza ukuqhathanisa nezinhlobo zendabuko zase-East Kent ezibalulekile kubapheki bebhiya nabalimi. Sihlola izixhumanisi zezakhi zofuzo, umehluko ocashile phakathi kwama-clone e-Golding, kanye nokubaluleka kwemvelaphi. Igama elithi East Kent linesivikelo esisemthethweni, okwenza imvelaphi ibe yinto ebalulekile.
I-Golding (BC) ivela emndenini wase-East Kent, inezici ezifana namanothi aphezulu ezimbali ezithambile kanye nezinongo ezithambile. Ufuzo oluhlanganyelwe luholela ephunga elifanayo. Kodwa-ke, ukukhethwa kwezitshalo kanye nezimo zokukhula zesifunda kuveza ukwehluka kokwakheka kwamafutha kanye nokunambitheka.
Umehluko phakathi kwama-clone e-Cobb, i-Early Choice, i-Mathon, kanye ne-Eastwell (umongo)
- I-Cobb: Inikeza iphrofayili yezimbali eyindilinga, ethambile enesivuno esizinzile kanye nokuziphatha okuthembekile kwezolimo.
- Ukukhetha Kwasekuqaleni: Kubonisa ukuvuthwa kwasekuqaleni kanye nezimbali ezikhazimulayo kancane eziphakanyisiwe yi-citrus, ezithandwa kakhulu ngenxa yokwengezwa kamuva.
- I-Mathon: Ibonisa ubumnandi obuthambile kanye nokugqamisa okufana noju, okulungele ama-ales esikhathi kanye nama-bitter endabuko.
- I-Eastwell: Inethambo eliqinile lezitshalo kanye nezinongo ezithambile, eziwusizo ekuxubeni.
Abalimi abanjengo-Antony Rudgard-Redsell bachaza lokhu ngokuthi "konke kuyi-Goldings kodwa kuhlukile kancane." Lokhu kusiza abenzi bokwenza utshwala baqonde izici ezihlukile ngaphandle kokushintsha okukhulu kohlamvu oluyisisekelo. Uma ucabangela ukushintsha noma ukuxuba, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthambekela kwezimbali, okumnandi, okunemifino, noma okunongwe yi-clone ngayinye.
Incazelo Evikelwe Yemvelaphi Yase-East Kent nokuthi i-Golding (BC) ihluke kanjani
IKhomishini yaseYurophu yanikeza isimo se-PDO East Kent ngo-2009. Lokhu kunciphisa igama le-East Kent Goldings kuma-hops akhuliswe eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Kent. I-Golding (BC) ayikwazi ukudayiswa ngaphansi kwegama le-East Kent ngoba ikhula ngaphandle kwaleyo ndawo.
Imvelaphi ithonya umehluko wephunga. Inhlabathi yasePacific Northwest, ukukhanya kwelanga, kanye nesigqi sesizini kushintsha isilinganiso samafutha uma kuqhathaniswa neseKent. Abapheki bebhiya bazothola umlingiswa wesiNgisi ojwayelekile eGolding (BC) onezimpawu ezihlukile zasePacific Northwest. Lezi zimpawu zihlukanisa ama-hops e-PDO East Kent.
Izitayela zobhiya zakudala ezizuza kuma-Golding (BC) hops
Ama-hop e-Golding (BC) anikeza iphunga elimnandi lezimbali namakhambi, afanelekela izinhlobo ezahlukene zobhiya. Akhethwa ngenxa yekhono lawo lokuthuthukisa i-malt nemvubelo ngaphandle kokuwanqoba. Lolu hlobo lusebenza njengesisekelo esithambile ezindleleni zokupheka eziningi zakudala.
Ama-ales nama-bitter aseNgilandi ayazuza ku-Golding (BC) ngokuphakamisa kwayo okuthambile kwezimbali kanye nama-caramel athambile. Kuma-bitter, aneza iphunga ngaphandle kokufihla uhlamvu lwe-malt yaseNgilandi. Lokhu kulinganisela kuqinisekisa ukuthi ubhiya uhlala uphuzwa futhi umnandi.
Ama-ale aphuzi kanye nobhiya be-session bazuza kuma-alpha acid aphansi kuya kwaphakathi e-Golding kanye namafutha athambile. Kuma-ale aphuzi, i-Golding inikeza ukuba khona kwe-hop okuncane okuthuthukisa ithoni ye-hop kabhiya ngenkathi kulondolozwa ubumnandi be-malt. Kubhiya be-session, ama-hop angabuswa athuthukisa ukungeneka kukabhiya, okukhuthaza ukuthululwa okuphindaphindwayo.
Ubhiya besitayela saseBelgium kanye nobhiya obuxubile nabo bathola inzuzo kuGolding (BC). Izinongo zabo zezimbali nezilula zihambisana nembiliso yaseBelgium e-ester-forward. Ngokuhlanganisa amaphrofayili endabuko yembiliso yaseBelgium neGolding, abenzi bobhiya bangakha ubhiya obubonisa ubunzima bembiliso kanye nokungafani okucashile kwe-hop.
- Ama-English bitter: sebenzisa i-Golding (BC) ukuze ungeze izithako ezisanda kwenziwa kanye ne-dry hop touch ethambile ukuze uphakamise iphunga.
- Ama-ales aphuzi: gxila ekubileni okuphuzile kanye nama-whirlpool hops ukuze iphrofayili ihlale ithambile futhi ilinganisele.
- Ubhiya obusesikhathini: gcina ubumnandi buphansi futhi ubonise uhlamvu lukaGolding lwezimbali namakhambi ukuze kube lula ukuphuzwa.
- Izinhlobo ezixubile zaseBelgium: zihambisana ne-saison noma i-abbey yeast ukuze kuhlanganiswe izimbali nezinongo ezixubile.
Izicelo zokwenziwa kobhiya kanye nesikhathi sokwengeza ama-hop
I-Golding (BC) iphumelela kakhulu lapho abenzi bokwenza ubhiya bevumelanisa isikhathi nemigomo yabo. Ama-alpha acid ayo aphakathi nendawo ayenza ifanelekele ukubaba okuyisisekelo. Iningi labenzi bokwenza ubhiya ligcina i-Golding ukuze ithole ukunambitheka nephunga elimnandi, okugqamisa izimfanelo zayo zezimbali, ezibabayo, nezifana noju.
Khetha ishejuli ye-hop i-Golding BC ehambisana nephrofayili yobhiya bakho. Ukwengezwa kwe-kettle kusenesikhathi kunikeza ukubaba okuzinzile okunesici esincane. I-kettle yamuva kanye ne-whirlpool hops, okwenziwe emazingeni okushisa aphansi, kugcina izici zezimbali ezithambile kanye ne-cardamom.
Okubabayo vs. ukunambitheka vs. okungeziwe kwephunga
Ukuze uthole ukubaba okuyisisekelo, ukushaja okuncane kwasekuqaleni kwanele. Gcina ingxenye enkulu yemizuzu engu-15 yokugcina, i-whirlpool, noma uhlangothi olubandayo ukuze ulondoloze umswakama. Le ndlela igcina ukubaba kuhlanzekile ngenkathi ikhulisa iphunga.
Ukugxumagxuma nge-Golding (BC) kanye nemiphumela elindelekile
I-Dry hopping Goldings ithuthukisa izimbali, uju, kanye namanothi ezitshalo. Ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwamafutha aphansi, sebenzisa amazinga aphakathi kuya kwaphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlobo ezigcwele uwoyela. Yomisa hop izinsuku ezingu-3-7 emazingeni okushisa apholile ukuze ukhiphe iphunga ngaphandle kwamanothi otshani.
Ukusebenzisa i-Golding (BC) ukuze kufakwe izimbali ezithambile
I-Golding engeza i-late hop isebenza kahle kakhulu emizuzwini engu-5-10 edlule, endaweni eshisayo enamazinga okushisa angu-160-180°F, noma njengesengezo esibandayo. Lokhu kunciphisa ukulahleka okuguqukayo futhi kulondoloza amanothi aphezulu ezimbali amasha. Nciphisa ukuvezwa ohlangothini olushisayo ukuze uvikele i-cardamom encane kanye noju.
Izibonelo zeresiphi namathiphu okwakha
Hlola amanothi athambile ezimbali, uju, kanye nokhilimu eGolding (BC) ezindleleni zakho zokupheka. Ngezansi, uzothola imibono yobhiya we-single-hop, uhlanganise iGolding ne-aromatics yesimanje, kanye nesiqondiso ngamaphesenti e-hop kanye nokushintshana.
I-Single-hop Golding ilungele iseshini ye-English pale ale noma i-bitter. Hlela i-IBU engu-20-30 ukuze uthole ukubaba okulinganiselayo. Sebenzisa u-60% we-hop bill yonke ngemizuzu engu-60 ukuze uthole ukubaba okuzinzile. Gcina u-40% ukuze uthole okungeziwe sekwephuzile ngemizuzu eyi-10 kanye ne-dry hop engu-2-4 g/L ukuze uthuthukise amanothi ezimbali noju.
- Ubisi lwezinhlamvu: Isisekelo se-Maris Otter, i-crystal engu-5–8% engu-40L, ibhali elincane eliqhekekile lomzimba.
- Imvubelo: I-Wyeast 1968 noma i-White Labs WLP002 yama-ester esiNgisi kanye nokucaca kwe-malt.
- Isimiso sokugxumagxuma: imizuzu engama-60 yokubilisa, ukunambitheka kwemizuzu eyi-10-15, i-whirlpool ku-170°F imizuzu eyi-15, i-dry hop amahora angama-48-72.
Uma uhlanganisa i-Goldings ne-aromatics yesimanje, sebenzisa i-Golding (BC) njengesisekelo. Engeza inani elincane lama-hops akhanyayo, anamuhla okuphakamisa izithelo ngaphandle kwesiko elinamandla. Cabanga nge-Pacific Jade noma i-Pacifica ukuze uthole ukuthinta okukhanyayo, noma i-Citra noma i-El Dorado ukuze uthole amanothi aphezulu asezindaweni ezishisayo.
- Icebiso lokulinganisela: Gcina iGolding ku-60–75% wephunga elimnandi uma uhlanganisa iGolding (BC) nama-punchier hops.
- Indlela Yokwenza: Faka ama-aromatic anamuhla ku-whirlpool noma njenge-short dry hop ukuze ulondoloze ama-ester ezithelo aguquguqukayo.
Isiqondiso ngamaphesenti e-hop kanye nokushintshana kubalulekile lapho ukutholakala kwemikhiqizo kushintshashintsha. Amafutha aphansi e-Golding adinga ukungezwa kamuva kanye nesisindo se-dry-hop ukuze kube khona iphunga elimnandi. Hlosa i-dry-hop engu-0.5–1.0 g/L ukuze uthole ubhiya obusebenzisa iphunga elimnandi kanye no-1.0–2.0 g/L ukuze uthole iphunga elimnandi kakhulu.
- Uma iGolding inqabile, sebenzisa i-East Kent Goldings njengophawu lwe-close hop esikhundleni se-Golding BC esikhundleni sohlamvu lwesiNgisi olujwayelekile.
- I-Tettnang noma i-Bramling Cross ingathatha indawo ye-Golding uma kudingeka iphrofayili enesinongo sezimbali; yehlisa isisindo sokufaka esikhundleni ngo-~10–20% uma ukufaka esikhundleni kune-alpha acid noma amafutha amaningi.
- Uma wenza ukushintshana kwe-hop ne-Golding BC, lungisa amaphesenti okubilisa ukuze afane nama-IBU aqondiwe, bese ulungisa okungeziwe kamuva ukuze uthole i-aroma parity.
Ngaphambi kokulinganisa iresiphi yeGolding, qopha amaqoqo amancane okuhlola. Lungisa amazinga okwengeza sekwephuzile kanye nobude besikhathi se-dry-hop ukuze uthole ibhalansi ephelele yamanothi ezimbali noju ngaphandle kokufihla ibhalansi ye-malt.
Amafomu okucubungula: ikhoni eliphelele, ama-pellets, kanye neziqephu
Abapheki bewayini bakhetha iGolding (BC) ngezindlela ezahlukene. Uhlobo ngalunye luthinta ukuphathwa, umthamo, kanye nokunambitheka. Ukuqonda lo mehluko kubalulekile empumelelweni yeresiphi noma ekukhiqizweni okukhulu.
Ukutholakala kwama-Goldings hop pellets kanye nosayizi wamaphakheji avamile
Ama-Golding pellets atholakala kabanzi ezitolo zeziphuzo zasekhaya kanye nabathengisi abathengisa ngobuningi. Amaphakethe okuthengisa avame ukufaka ama-Goldings 1 oz pellets okuhlolwa kweqembu elilodwa. Izinketho ezinkulu zisukela ku-quarter-pound kuya ku-1 pound kanye nefomethi ye-bale yokusetshenziswa kwezentengiselwano.
Abathengisi be-Homebrew banikeza ama-Golding pellets impendulo yamakhasimende kanye neziqinisekiso zokwaneliseka. Amaphakethe amancane afana nama-Goldings pellets angu-1 oz avumela abenzi bobhiya ukuthi bahlole iphunga ngaphambi kokuzibophezela ekuthengeni ngobuningi. Ama-bales athengiswa ngobuningi anikela ngokonga izindleko zezindawo zokwenza ubhiya ezivame ukusebenzisa i-Golding.
Izinzuzo kanye nokubi kwama-pellets uma kuqhathaniswa nama-hops aphelele okugcina iphunga elimnandi
Ama-pellet acindezela i-hop matter ibe yifomu elizinzile nelilula ukulilinganisa. Asiza ekulinganiseni ngokushesha, axube kahle kuma-mash tun nasema-kettle, futhi agcina indawo yokugcina. Abenzi bobhiya abaningi bakhetha ama-pellet ngenxa yokuqina kwawo kanye nezindleko eziphansi nge-ounce.
I-whole cone Golding igcina isakhiwo se-lupulin kanye namaqabunga. Abanye abenzi bobhiya bakholelwa ukuthi igcina amafutha aguquguqukayo kangcono kancane ngesikhathi sokugcina ebanda kanye nokushintshashintsha okumile. Ama-cone makhulu, kunzima ukuwafaka ngokunembile, futhi awavamile kakhulu emaphaketheni amancane okuthengisa.
Izithako ze-Hop I-Golding ziyizinhlobo ezihlanganisiwe ezisetshenziselwa ukulawula ukubaba okunembile kanye nokuqina kwesikhathi eside. Izithako azivamile kulolu hlobo ngoba i-Golding (BC) iyaziswa ngephunga layo elimnandi futhi inamafutha aphansi kakhulu. Lokhu kwenza ukusetshenziswa kwe-cone noma i-pellet yonke kuvame kakhulu.
- Izinzuzo zama-Golding pellets: ukukala njalo, ukugcina okuncane, ukutholakala kabanzi.
- Izinzuzo ze-whole cone Golding: ukulondolozwa kwamafutha okuthambile, okukhethwa abanye abantu abakholelwa emasikweni.
- Izinzuzo ze-hop extracts Golding: ezizinzile, ezigcina isikhala ukuze zihlale zibaba noma zihlale isikhathi eside.
Khetha ngokusekelwe emigomweni yeresiphi. Sebenzisa ama-Golding pellets ukuze uthole imiphumela ephindaphindwayo kanye namaphakethe amancane afana nama-Goldings pellets angu-1 oz ukuze uhlole. Khetha i-Golding ekhoni eliphelele ukuze uthole iphunga elithambile. Cabanga nge-hop extracts Golding ukuze uthole ukuzinza kwesikhathi eside noma ukulawula umthamo oqinile.
Ukugcina, ukuphatha, nokugcina ikhwalithi yephunga
Ukunakekelwa okufanele kubalulekile ukuze ama-Golding (BC) hop pellets agcine esezingeni eliphezulu. Amazinga okushisa abandayo kanye nokulawula ukuthintana komoya kubalulekile ekugcineni izimbali zawo ezithambile nezimnandi. Ngisho nezinguquko ezincane endaweni yokugcina zingathinta iphunga ngokushesha kunalokho abapheki bebhiya abangase bakucabangele.
Ukugcinwa okubandayo kanye nokuphathwa komoya-mpilo kwama-pellet e-hop
Ukuze uthole indawo yokugcina engcono kakhulu, sebenzisa iphakheji evalwe nge-vacuum noma ehlanjululwe nge-nitrogen. Gcina izikhwama ezivalwe esiqandisini noma efrijini ukuze unciphise ukubola kwamafutha. Ukuthunyelwa kweqhwa elomile noma imithwalo eqandisiwe kuyanconywa ekuthuthweni okude.
Ukuphathwa kwe-oxygen okuphumelelayo kubalulekile ukuze kulondolozwe i-myrcene namanye amafutha abuthakathaka. Vula amaphakheji kuphela uma kudingeka bese uhlukanisa ama-pellets ezitsheni ezincane ezingangeni moya. Sebenzisa amasachethi okususa i-oxygen noma ugeze izitsha ezine-nitrogen ukuze unciphise ukuvezwa.
Ukulindela isikhathi sokuphila sama-hops e-Golding (BC)
Isikhathi sokuphila kweshelufu sama-Golding hop sincike ezimweni zokupakisha kanye nokugcina. Uma egcinwe eqandisiwe futhi engenawo umoya-mpilo, ama-pellet angahlala izinyanga eziningi kuya eminyakeni embalwa. Kodwa-ke, ukugcinwa kwezinga lokushisa legumbi kunciphisa isikhathi sawo sokusebenziseka sibe amasonto noma izinyanga ezimbalwa kumaphakethe amakhulu okuthengisa.
- Sebenzisa amaphakethe okuthengisa angu-1 oz ngokushesha ukuze uthole iphunga elimnandi.
- Zungezisa isitoko ngosuku oludala ukuze ugweme ama-hop adala.
- Faka ilebula ezikhwameni ze-vacuum noma ezivalwe nge-nitrogen ngosuku lokupakisha.
Ngokulandela lezi zinyathelo, ungavikela iphunga kanye nebhalansi yokubaba kwama-hops akho. Ukugcina i-hop ebanda ngokucabangela kanye nemikhuba eqinile yokuphatha umoya-mpilo kuyisihluthulelo sokugcina i-Golding yangempela ebhiya lakho.
Ukushintsha okuvamile kanye nama-aromahop afanayo
Uma i-hop yokuqala kunzima ukuyithola, enye esikhundleni sayo ingagcina iresiphi ihambisana nesitayela. Abapheki bebhiya bakhetha ngokusekelwe ephunga, ukutholakala, kanye nokubaluleka kobuntu besifunda. I-East Kent Goldings ilungele izindlela zokupheka ezidinga ithoni esekelwa yi-PDO kanye nephrofayili yomlando. Kulabo abangagxili kakhulu emvelaphi, i-Golding BC inikeza iphunga elifanayo lesitayela sesiNgisi elinamanothi akhilimu nezimbali.
Cabanga ngokusetshenziswa kwe-hop lapho ibila, ingezwa sekwephuzile, noma i-dry hop. Izithasiselo ze-Tettnang zilungele imibala ethambile yezimbali namakhambi. Izithasiselo ze-Bramling Cross zengeza izithelo ezithambile kanye nezinongo ezithambile, ezifanele kakhulu ama-ales ahamba phambili nge-malt. I-New Zealand Pacifica ingaxutshwa ukuze ithuthukise uhlamvu lwezithelo ezindleleni zokupheka ezidinga ukushaywa okwengeziwe.
Ngaphambi kokushintshanisa ama-hops, qhathanisa izimpawu zokunambitheka. Bheka amacebiso kakhilimu ne-caramel, amanothi aphezulu ezimbali akhanyayo, kanye nezinongo ezincane. Lezi zici zisiza ukugcina iphrofayili ehlosiwe uma usebenzisa i-East Kent substitution noma i-Tettnang substitute.
- Qondanisa ububanzi be-alpha acid ukuze ugcine ukubaba kulinganisela lapho ukhetha i-Golding BC esikhundleni sayo.
- Ukuze uthole iphunga eligqamile, khetha ama-hops anamafutha aphansi kanye nesilinganiso esiphezulu se-humulene noma i-caryophyllene.
- Hlanganisa i-Bramling Cross esikhundleni sayo nama-hops esitayela se-Golding ukuze wengeze i-soft berry lift ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa uhlamvu lwakudala.
Yenza izivivinyo ezincane uma ushintshana ngama-hops. Ukunambitha eceleni kwembula ukuthi ukushintshaniswa kwe-East Kent kuqhathaniswa kanjani ne-Golding (BC) ngamandla ephunga. Kubonisa nokuthi ukushintshaniswa kwe-Tettnang noma i-Bramling Cross kushintsha kanjani ubhiya wokugcina.
Isiphetho
Isifinyezo seGolding (BC): Lesi sizukulwane sasePacific Northwest se-East Kent Goldings siletha iphunga lesiNgisi elilinganiselwe, lendabuko ekwenzeni ubhiya baseMelika. Sine-alpha acids cishe engu-4-6% kanye nohlu lwamafutha oluphelele oluseduze no-0.4-1.0%. Lokhu kunikeza ukubaba okuncane ngenkathi kugcizelelwa amanothi ezimbali, uju, kanye nezinongo ezithambile. Abenzi bobhiya abafuna uhlamvu lwakudala bazothola iphrofayili yayo ye-humulene-forward kanye nokuqukethwe kwayo kwe-myrcene okulinganiselwe kulungele ukwengeza okuthambile kwakamuva kanye nokushintshashintsha okumanzi.
Isiphetho se-Golding hops: Sebenzisa i-Golding (BC) kubhiya obuseshini, ama-ale aluhlaza, kanye nama-ale endabuko esiNgisi lapho ukungafani kubaluleke kakhulu kunokubhoboza. Izithasiselo ze-late-boil kanye ne-whirlpool zigcina ama-aromatics abuthakathaka. Amasu abandayo kanye nokulawula i-oxygen ngokucophelela kuvikela lawo ma-accents oju kanye ne-cardamom. Ama-Goldings aqoshiwe atholakala kabanzi kumaphakethe ezitolo angu-1 oz kanye nezindlela ezinkulu zokuhweba, okwenza ukuthola kube lula emisebenzini emincane nemikhulu ngokufanayo.
Izinto ezithathwayo ngokwenziwa kwe-Goldings: Phatha lolu hlobo njenge-hop eholwa yiphunga elimnandi, elithambile—hlanganisa nezinhlobo zesimanje ezikhanyayo uma ufuna ukungafani, noma uvumele lukhanye wedwa emibonisweni ye-single-hop. Indawo yokugcina efanele, ukudluliselwa okusheshayo endaweni yokugcina ebandayo, kanye nokuphathwa kwe-oxygen ephansi kuzogcina iphunga liphelele kusukela epulazini kuya kwenye. Ngamafuphi, i-Golding (BC) inikeza indlela ethembekile eya kuhlamvu lwendabuko lwesiNgisi olunokuhambisana kwe-Pacific Northwest kanye nezinketho ezisebenzayo zabenzi bobhiya base-US.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Kuyini iGolding (BC) futhi ihlobene kanjani ne-East Kent Goldings?
I-Golding (BC) iyinzalo ekhulele e-US yozalo lwe-English East Kent Goldings. Yaqala ukutshalwa eBritish Columbia futhi kamuva yakhiqizwa eWashington nase-Oregon. Nakuba ihlanganyela ubudlelwano bezakhi zofuzo kanye nemizwa ne-East Kent Goldings, akuyona umkhiqizo we-East Kent ovikelwe yi-PDO. Ibonisa umehluko we-Pacific Northwest terroir.
Yimaphi amaphunga nokunambitheka iGolding (BC) ekufaka ebhiyani?
I-Golding (BC) inikeza iphunga elijwayelekile lesitayela sesiNgisi. Inikeza amanothi kakhilimu othambile kanye ne-caramel, isici sezimbali esivinjelwe, kanye nezinongo ezithambile. Iphinde ibe nokugqama okufana ne-cardamom, ubumnandi boju, kanye nezici ezincane zemifino noma ze-sweet-pea. Lezi zici zisebenza kahle nge-malt-forward ales kanye ne-bitter yendabuko.
Ziyini amazinga ajwayelekile e-alpha ne-beta acid e-Golding (BC)?
Amanani ajwayelekile okuhlaziya yi-alpha acids 4–6% kanye ne-beta acids 2–3%. Uhla lwe-alpha lubeka i-Golding (BC) esigabeni sokubilisa esiphansi kuya kwesiphakathi. Lokhu kufanelekile ekubiseni okulinganiselayo kuma-ales aseNgilandi. Ama-beta acids aphansi asiza ekugcineni iphrofayili ethambile yephunga elimnandi uma igcinwa futhi iphathwa ngokucophelela.
Iyini iphrofayili yamafutha abalulekile eGolding (BC)?
Uwoyela ophelele uphansi, cishe u-0.4–1.0%. Ukuqhekeka kwamafutha kuvame ukukhombisa i-myrcene engu-25–35%, i-humulene engu-35–45%, kanye ne-caryophyllene engu-13–16%. Ukubusa kwe-Humulene kuveza amanothi ezinkuni, amakhambi, kanye nezinongo kancane. I-Myrcene isekela izici zezimbali ezivinjelwe kanye ne-resin.
Abapheki bebhiya kufanele bayisebenzise kanjani iGolding (BC) ohlelweni lokukhiqiza utshwala?
Sebenzisa i-Golding (BC) ukuze uthole ukubaba okulinganayo kwesisekelo ngokufaka izithako zakuqala. Bese ugcizelela izithako ze-late-kettle, i-whirlpool, kanye nezithasiselo ezibandayo ukuze ulondoloze amanothi ezimbali nanjenge-cardamom. Ngenxa yokuthi uwoyela ophelele uphansi, khulisa inani lezithasiselo zamuva noma i-dry-hop uma kuqhathaniswa nama-hops esimanje agcwele uwoyela uma ufuna iphunga elinamandla.
Yimiphi imiphumela okufanele ngiyilindele ngokugxuma nge-dry hopping nge-Golding (BC)?
Ukugxuma okumanzi kuzothuthukisa izimbali, uju, kanye nezimpawu zamakhambi ezincane. Kodwa kuveza iphunga elimnandi uma liqhathaniswa nezinhlobo zesimanje ezinamafutha amaningi. Lindela ukuphakama okunezinzuzo eziningi kunezinothi zasezindaweni ezishisayo noma ze-citrus; sebenzisa amazinga aphakathi kuya kwaphana ukuze wenze iphunga libonakale.
Ingabe iGolding (BC) ingcono njengama-pellet noma ama-cone aphelele?
Ama-pellet alula, ahlala njalo, futhi atholakala kabanzi emaphaketheni amancane okuthengisa (isibonelo amaphakethe angu-1 oz) kanye namafomethi amakhulu okuthengisa ngobuningi. Ama-cone aphelele angagcina kangcono uwoyela oguquguqukayo kwabanye abenzi bobhiya kodwa awavamile futhi akhulu kakhulu. Abenzi bobhiya abaningi bakhetha ama-pellet ukuze balinganisele kahle futhi batholakale.
Ngingawagcina kanjani ama-Golding (BC) hops ukuze ngilondoloze iphunga elimnandi?
Gcina ama-pellets emaphaketheni avaliwe nge-vacuum noma ahlanjululwe nge-nitrogen emazingeni okushisa aqandisiwe noma aqandisiwe. Nciphisa ukuvezwa komoya-mpilo ngokuvala ngokuqinile kanye nokugcina ebanda. Ukuphathwa kahle kwandisa isikhathi sokuphila kusukela ezinyangeni kuya eminyakeni embalwa kuye ngekhwalithi yokupakishwa.
Abenzi bobhiya basekhaya base-US kanye nabenzi bobhiya bezandla bangayithenga kuphi iGolding (BC)?
Abapheki beziphuzo bathola iGolding (BC) kubasabalalisi be-hop basePacific Northwest, amapulazi e-hop esifundeni, abaphakeli bezwe lonke, kanye nabathengisi beziphuzo zasekhaya eziku-inthanethi. Abathengisi bavame ukuthengisa amaphakethe e-pellet angu-1 oz; izindawo ezinkulu zokuhweba ziyatholakala ngeziteshi zokuthengisa ngobuningi. Abasabalalisi be-hop baseYakima Valley kanye nabaphakeli abahlobene nabo bavame ukufaka ohlwini i-US Goldings.
I-Pacific Northwest terroir iyithinta kanjani iGolding (BC) uma iqhathaniswa ne-East Kent Goldings?
Izimo zasePacific Northwest—ukukhanya kwelanga okude ehlobo, ithonya lasolwandle noma lezwekazi, kanye nokuvezwa kwe-UV okuhlukile—kushintsha ukubonakaliswa kwephunga uma kuqhathaniswa ne-East Kent. Inhlabathi kanye nesimo sezulu esincane eWashington, e-Oregon, noma emapulazini angaphambilini aseBritish Columbia kukhiqiza ukwakheka kwamafutha okucashile kanye nokwehluka kwephunga okuhlobene nomhlaba osezingeni lepulazi.
Yiziphi izinselele zezolimo ezilethwa izinhlobo zeGolding?
Izinhlobo ze-golding zingazwela isimo sezulu sendawo, zishintshe isivuno, futhi zidinga ukuphathwa ngokucophelela kwezinambuzane nezifo. Lezi zici zenza kube nzima ukutshala kodwa isidingo sihlala siqinile ngenxa yephunga elimnandi lezinhlobo zaseNgilandi.
Yimaphi ama-hops angasetshenziswa esikhundleni sawo uma i-East Kent Goldings ingatholakali?
Sebenzisa iGolding (BC) uma i-East Kent ingatholakali. Ezinye izinto ezingasetshenziswa esikhundleni sazo ezinomumo wezimbali zifaka iTettnang (Tettnanger) kanye neBramling Cross. Ukuze uthole ingxube yokuphakamisa izithelo, hlanganisa iGolding (BC) nephunga lesimanje njengeNew Zealand Pacifica ngenkathi ugcina iGolding njengomgogodla wendabuko.
Ingabe iGolding (BC) ingasetshenziswa kumabhiya e-single-hop?
Yebo. I-Golding (BC) yenza umbukiso omuhle we-single-hop we-English pale ales kanye ne-bitters. Yakha umunyu ngokungeza okuncane ekuqaleni, bese usebenzisa okungeziwe kwakamuva kanye ne-dry hopping ukuze ugqamise ukhilimu, i-caramel, izimbali, uju, kanye namanothi e-cardamom.
Amanani ayo amakhemikhali athinta kanjani izinqumo zokwenziwa kobhiya?
Ama-Alpha acid (4–6%) asho ukuthi i-Golding (BC) iyindlela yokubanga ephansi kuya kwephakathi; sebenzisa ama-hop mass amakhulu ukuze ulinganise ukubanga ngezinhlobo ze-high-alpha. Uwoyela ophelele ophansi (0.4–1.0%) udinga amazinga aphezulu okwengeza kamuva noma i-dry-hop ukuze uthole iphunga elimnandi. Uwoyela osindayo we-humulene unikeza uhlamvu lwendabuko lwezitshalo/izimbali zaseNgilandi.
Ingabe iGolding (BC) iyatholakala njalo ezindaweni zokwenza ubhiya?
Ukutholakala kuyahlukahluka ngokuya ngokuvuna, izinselele ezikhulayo, kanye nesidingo, kodwa ama-pellet avame ukunikezwa abathengisi bebhiya basekhaya ngamaphakheji amancane kanti abathengisi ngobuningi bahlinzeka ngezindawo zokuhweba. Ukuhlola abasabalalisi be-Pacific Northwest kanye nabathengisi be-hop online kuzobonisa ubukhulu besitoko kanye namaphakheji wamanje.
Ukufunda Okuqhubekayo
Uma ukujabulele lokhu okuthunyelwe, ungaphinda uthande lezi ziphakamiso:
- Ama-Hops e-Beer Brewing: Cashmere
- Ama-Hops e-Beer Brewing: i-Merkur
- Ama-Hops Ekuphiseni Ubhiya: I-Spalter Select
