Isithombe: Amaseli wemvubelo amancane

Lesi sithombe esimangalisayo se-microscopic sinikeza amazwibela acacile futhi aseduze emhlabeni wamaseli imvubelo, eveza ubuhle bawo bebhayoloji ngokucaca okukhethekile kanye nemininingwane. Sithwetshulwe kusetshenziswa ukukhanya kwenkundla ekhanyayo, isithombe sibonisa iqoqo lamaseli aminyene, ayindilinga amiswe endaweni ekhanyayo, ngalinye linikezwe udonga lweseli olubushelelezi, olucishe lube yingilazi olukhazimula kancane ngaphansi kokukhanya okuhlukanisiwe. Amaseli ayahluka kancane ngosayizi, okuphakamisa ukuhlukahluka okungokwemvelo phakathi kwabantu, futhi umbala wawo ophuzi omnene uvusa ukufudumala nobungqabavu bezinto eziphilayo ezinyakazayo. I-cytoplasm ngaphakathi kwengqamuzana ngalinye ibonakala iminyene futhi iyimbudumbudu, ikhombisa umsebenzi ocebile we-biochemical owenziwa ngaphakathi—ama-enzyme, amaprotheni, nama-organelles asebenza ngokubambisana ukuze aqhubekisele phambili ukuvutshelwa nokukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana.

Ukujula kwenkambu kudonsela ukunaka kombukeli ngaphambili, lapho kuhlala khona amaseli agxile kakhulu. Lezi zakhiwo ezimaphakathi zichazwa ngokucacile, amakhonsathi azo kanye nendlela yokwenza yangaphakathi igqame ngokumelene nengemuva elifiphele kancane libe ama-gradient athambile okukhanya nesithunzi. Lokhu kukhetha okubhaliwe akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa izinhlangothi ezintathu zesithombe kodwa futhi kudala umuzwa wokucwiliswa, njengokungathi umbukeli ubheka ngqo ekumisweni okuphilayo kweyeast phakathi komdanso wayo we-metabolic. Ukukhanyisa kuhlanzekile futhi kungokwemvelo, akukhahlamezi noma kwenziwe isitayela ngokweqile, okuvumela imibala yeqiniso nokuthungwa kwamaseli ukuthi kuvele ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka. Okuvelele okucashile eduze kwezindonga zamaseli kubamba ukukhanya okwanele nje ukuphakamisa ukugoba nokujula, kuyilapho ama-granules angaphakathi acwebezela kancane, engeza ungqimba lokubonakala okuyinkimbinkimbi.

Ukuhlelwa okuphelele kwamaseli kokubili kungokwemvelo futhi kujabulisa ngobuhle. Zibonakala zintanta ngokukhululekile, nokho zihlangene ngokuthula, njengokungathi zidonselwa omunye komunye ngamandla angabonakali. Lokhu kuvumelana kwendawo kubonisa ukuziphatha kweyeast kusiko lwe-liquid, lapho amaseli evamise ukuhlangana ngokukhululeka kuyilapho egcina ukuhamba kwawodwa. Ukwakheka okunokulinganisela kwesithombe nokugxila okugxilile kumema ukubhekwa isikhathi eside, okukhuthaza isibukeli ukuthi sihlole ama-nuances eseli ngalinye—umehluko omncane womumo, ukuhlukahluka kokuminyana kwe-cytoplasmic, ukwakheka okuhlumayo ngezikhathi ezithile okusikisela ekukhiqizeni kabusha. Le mininingwane ayigcini nje ngokuhlobisa; zikhuluma ngokubaluleka kwezinto eziphilayo imvubelo njengesisekelo sesayensi yokuvutshelwa, i-biotechnology, kanye nocwaningo lwamaselula.

Ngaphandle kokukhanga kwaso okubukwayo, isithombe sisebenza njengesikhumbuzo esinamandla sezinqubo ezincane kakhulu ezisekela okuhlangenwe nakho kwansuku zonke—kusuka ekukhuphukeni kwesinkwa kuya ekuvuthweni kukabhiya. I-yeast cell ngayinye iyifekthri encane yamakhemikhali ezinto eziphilayo, ekwazi ukuguqula ushukela ube utshwala nesikhutha, futhi lolu shintsho lwenziwa lwenzeke yizo kanye izakhiwo kanye nokuthungwa okuthwetshulwe esithombeni. Udonga lwamangqamuzana abushelelezi, i-cytoplasm eyimbudumbudu, izimpawu ezicashile zokumila—konke kuyizimpawu zesiko lemvubelo elinempilo, elisebenzayo. Kulo mzuzu, iqhwa ngemininingwane yokucaca okuphezulu, umbukeli unikezwa ukufinyelela emhlabeni ngokuvamile ongabonakali, kodwa onethonya elikhulu. Ukugubha impilo ngezinga lakhona elincane kakhulu, elinikezwa ngokunemba kwesayensi nokuzwela kobuciko.

Isithombe sihlobene: Ukubilisa Ubhiya nge-Fermentis SafLager W-34/70 Yeast