Shaye-shaye a cikin Giya: Saxon

Kusa da koren hop masu launin kore da ke rataye daga bishiyoyi masu kyau a filin wasan hop na Saxon, tare da wurin yin giya na gargajiya da kuma tuddai masu birgima a bango a ƙarƙashin sararin sama mai launin shuɗi mai haske.
Danna ko danna hoton don ƙarin bayani da kuma ƙuduri mafi girma.

Tarihin giyar hops a cikin giya ya fara tun kafin a fara noma ta zamani. Giyar giya ta farko ta Ingila ta yi amfani da malt, ganyen gruit, da ɗan gajeren fermentation. An gabatar da hops, waɗanda aka kawo daga ƙasashe masu ƙasƙanci, zuwa Kent da Maidstone a ƙarshen ƙarni na 15. Ba da daɗewa ba dokoki suka tsara ingancin hops da marufi, kuma samarwa ta bunƙasa ta hanyar injina da kiwo.

A yau, Saxon yana cikin shahararrun hops na ƙamshi na Burtaniya waɗanda ake yi wa laƙabi da ta'addanci da wayo. Masu yin giya na Amurka galibi suna haɗa Saxon da malts masu launin shuɗi da nau'ikan yisti masu tsabta don ƙara ƙamshi. A cikin lissafin hop, Saxon yawanci yana samar da kusan kashi 50% na ƙarin, yana nufin samun ƙamshi na gaske na Burtaniya ba tare da ɗaci mai yawa ba.

Key Takeaways

• Hops ɗin Saxon hops ne na ƙamshi na Birtaniya waɗanda ke da fure mai laushi da kuma siffar ƙasa ta Saxon hop.
• Sinadarin Saxon alpha acid yana da kusan kashi 9%, wanda ke ba da matsakaicin ɗaci idan ana amfani da ƙamshi mai ƙarfi.
• Hops a cikin yin giya sun maye gurbin al'adun gruit na baya a Ingila kuma sun zama kayayyaki masu tsari.
• Sau da yawa ana amfani da Saxon don ƙarawa a ƙarshen lokaci, yin iyo a cikin ruwa, da kuma yin tsalle-tsalle a busasshe don nuna ƙamshi.
• Masu yin giya na Amurka suna daraja Saxon saboda yanayinsa na Tsohon Duniya kuma suna haɗuwa da launin malt mai haske da yisti mai tsaka tsaki.

Gabatarwa ga hops ɗin Saxon da rawar da suke takawa wajen yin giya

Hops ɗin Saxon suna da shahara a tsakanin masu yin giya waɗanda ke son ƙamshin Birtaniya na gargajiya tare da ɗanɗanon ɗaci. Wannan gabatarwar ta nuna yadda suke ba da gudummawar furanni, ƙasa, da ƙanshin yaji ba tare da sun fi ƙarfin malt ba.

Abin da ya bambanta Saxon hops

Ana bikin Saxon a matsayin wani nau'in hop na ƙamshi na Birtaniya, wanda aka san shi da daidaiton halayensa. Yana da matsakaicin alpha acid, kusan kashi 9%, wanda hakan ya sa ya dace da amfani da shi a lokacin late-kettle da dry-hop. Masu yin giya suna zaɓar Saxon don su ƙara wa giyarsu ƙanshin furanni masu laushi, ɗanɗanon ciyawa, da kuma zurfin hadaddun ganye.

Taƙaitaccen tarihi da asalin Birtaniya

Asalin hop ɗin Saxon ya samo asali ne daga noman hop na Burtaniya, musamman bayan zamanin Flanders. Mayar da hankali kan aljihun hop da tarihin masu noman ya nuna mahimmancin asalinsa. Wannan abin da aka mayar da hankali a kai a tarihi shine dalilin da ya sa masu yin giya na zamani ke neman ainihin hop ɗin ƙamshi na Burtaniya don ɗanɗanon gadonsu da asalin da za a iya gano su.

Yadda Saxon ya dace da salon yin giya na zamani

Tsarin yin giya na yau, wanda ya mayar da hankali kan halayen terroir da hop, ya sake farfaɗo da sha'awar Saxon hops. Masu yin giya na sana'a galibi suna amfani da Saxon kusan rabin kuɗin hop ɗinsu don haɓaka ƙamshi yayin da suke riƙe da ɗaci mai matsakaici. Tsarin da ke ƙaruwa ga nau'ikan gargajiya kamar Saxon yana ƙara sarkakiyar Old World ga salon ales na zamani da salon haɗaka.

Kusa da hops ɗin Saxon na Burtaniya da aka rufe da raɓa tare da glandar lupulin mai launin rawaya da ake gani, an ɗora su a kan inabin hop a kan wani katako mai tsayi da kuma wani gidan giya na Ingila mai duhu mai laushi tare da kettles na jan ƙarfe.
Danna ko danna hoton don ƙarin bayani da kuma ƙuduri mafi girma.

Asalin Tsirrai da Asalin Noman Hop

Hops wani nau'in hops ne mai tsayi da tarihi mai cike da tarihi. Asalinsu ya samo asali ne daga nau'ikan Humulus na daji da ake samu a gefen kogi da kuma gefen daji. Da farko, mutane suna amfani da ƙananan harbe a matsayin kayan lambu da ganye a cikin ƙananan magunguna. Daga baya, hops ya zama mahimmanci wajen yin giya.

Sauyin da aka yi daga tarin daji zuwa noman da aka tsara ya nuna farkon tarihin hops. A zamanin Tsakiya, manoma a Ƙasashen Ƙasa da Jamus sun fara zaɓar shuke-shuke don manyan kone-kone da kuma yawan amfanin gona mai daidaito. Wannan ƙoƙarin zaɓe ya tsara kwayoyin halittar nau'ikan kasuwanci da yawa na zamani.

Cikin biranen nahiyar, masu yin giya sun inganta dabarun busarwa da adana mazugi don adana ƙamshi. Waɗannan ci gaban sun taimaka wa hops yaɗuwa a yankuna ta hanyar ciniki. Hops ya zama muhimmin sinadari a cikin al'adun yin giya na arewacin Turai kafin a kafa su a fannonin Ingilishi.

• Asalin shuke-shuken daji da amfaninsu na farko
• Bunkasar noman zamani a ƙasashe masu ƙasƙanci
• Sarrafa ci gaban da ya ƙarfafa karɓuwa sosai

Hops sun isa Ingila ta hanyar ciniki da Flanders da Kent. Maidstone da sauran yankunan Kentish sun fara noma hops a ƙarshen ƙarni na 15. Manoman Ingila na farko sun daidaita dabarun nahiyar zuwa yanayin gida, suna shimfida harsashin nau'ikan Birtaniya.

Faɗaɗawa ta haifar da matsin lamba na doka da kasuwa. Dokoki a ƙarni na 17 sun yi nufin rage rashin inganci ko gurbataccen hops. Waɗannan ƙa'idodi sun nuna muhimmancin tasirin noman hops akan tattalin arzikin yin giya a Ingila da ma wasu wurare.

Layin hop na Saxon ya fito ne daga waɗannan ƙoƙarin Birtaniya. Kiwo mai zaɓi ya mayar da hankali kan ƙamshi da kwanciyar hankali, yana haɗa shuke-shuken Humulus na daji da takamaiman hops da masu yin giya na Ingila ke daraja a yau.

Kusa da bishiyoyin hop masu haske da aka lulluɓe da raɓar safe, suna rataye a kan bishiyoyin inabi a kan bishiyoyin katako a cikin lambun hop mai hasken rana tare da tuddai masu nisa da sararin sama mai shuɗi.
Danna ko danna hoton don ƙarin bayani da kuma ƙuduri mafi girma.

Tarihin tarihi: daga giyar Anglo-Saxon zuwa giyar da aka yi da hopped

Masu yin giya na farko na Ingila sun ɗauki hanya madaidaiciya. A cikin yin giya na Anglo-Saxon, ale shine babban abin sha, giyar malt mara hops wanda aka ɗanɗana da ganye kamar bog myrtle da yarrow. Ana samun yisti daga iska ko kuma ɗigon da aka sake amfani da su, wanda ke haifar da ɗan gajeren lokacin yin ƙwai na kwana ɗaya zuwa uku. Waɗannan giyar ba su da ƙarfi, an tsara su don amfani nan take.

Bambancin da ke tsakanin ale da giya yana da matuƙar muhimmanci don fahimtar abubuwan da suka faru daga baya. Ale shine kalmar da ake amfani da ita wajen shan giyar malt mara hops, yayin da giya ke nufin giya mai hops. Bayanan da aka samu daga lokacin sun nuna cewa 'beor' na iya nufin giyar zuma. Da farko ana daraja hops saboda halayensa na kiyayewa maimakon ɗanɗanonsa.

A ƙarshen shekarun 1400, an gabatar da hops zuwa Ingila ta hanyar ciniki da tafiye-tafiye. Tarihin hops a Ingila ya samo asali ne daga noma da ƙa'idoji tun daga wannan lokacin. A shekarar 1603, Majalisar Dokoki ta fara kafa ƙa'idodi don ingancin hops, tana ƙarfafa karɓuwa da kuma kafa lambunan hops a duk faɗin gundumomi.

Ƙarni na 17, an ga manyan canje-canje a fannin giya. Giyar da aka yi da hops ta shahara, inda ta fitar da giya ta gargajiya daga cikin abubuwan da manyan mutane ke so. Masu yin giya sun fara daidaita girke-girkensu, dabarunsu, da kuma hanyoyin adana bayanai. Amfani da aljihun hops da takardu sun haɗa hops da manoma, wanda hakan ya haɓaka kasuwancin hops na kasuwanci.

Bayyanar hops ɗin Saxon ya dace da wannan mahallin. Da zarar hops ya zama babban abin da ake amfani da shi a cikin yin giyar Ingila, an haɗa nau'ikan gida kamar Saxon cikin fayil ɗin hop na Burtaniya. Wannan haɗin al'ada da sabon noma ya yi tasiri sosai ga juyin halittar ales da giya na Ingila a cikin ƙarni na 17.

Mai yin giya na Anglo-Saxon yana motsa kwalbar giya ta katako a cikin wani ɗakin taro na garin da aka yi da hops, tasoshin yumbu, da kuma murhu mai haske na dutse.
Danna ko danna hoton don ƙarin bayani da kuma ƙuduri mafi girma.

Halaye na Saxon hops

Hops ɗin Saxon sun ƙunshi ainihin hops ɗin ƙamshi na Burtaniya. Ana girmama su saboda ɗacinsu da kuma yanayin ƙamshi daban-daban. Wannan nau'in misali ne na ƙamshi, yana ba da isasshen ɗaci don ƙara ɗanɗanon malt idan ya zama dole.

Yawan sinadarin alpha acid da ke cikin hops ɗin Saxon yana kusa da kashi 9%. Wannan matsakaicin matakin ya dace da ƙarawa da wuri, yana tabbatar da cewa ɗanɗanon giyar bai yi yawa ba. Haka kuma ya dace da taɓawa, yana ba da yanayi mai sauƙi amma mai ban sha'awa ga giyar.

• Bayanin ƙamshi na Saxon: bayanin kula na fure, laushi mai laushi, da kuma ɗanɗanon ganye mai laushi wanda ke tunawa da ƙamshi na gargajiya na Burtaniya.
• Masu bayanin dandanon Saxon galibi sun haɗa da tannins masu kama da shayi, bawon citrus mai laushi, da kayan ƙanshi masu laushi waɗanda ke tallafawa giyar malt-forward.
• Amfani da Saxon hop a girke-girke yawanci yana sanya nau'in a matsayin babban abin ƙanshi maimakon babban abin ɗaci.

A yawancin girke-girke, hops ɗin Saxon suna da kusan rabin lissafin hop. Wannan amfani yana nuna rawar da suke takawa wajen haɓaka ɗanɗano yayin da yake bawa sauran hops damar ƙara zurfi da rikitarwa.

Ga waɗanda ke son nuna yanayin terroir da ƙamshi mai laushi, Saxon kyakkyawan zaɓi ne. Yana haɗuwa da Maris Otter ko pale ale malts da yisti ale mai tsabta, wanda hakan ke sa ya zama ƙari mai amfani ga kowace giya.

Kusa-kusa na ƙananan bishiyoyin Saxon hop masu haske tare da digowar raɓa a lokacin zinare, an saita su a kan gonar hop mai duhu tare da trellises a bango.
Danna ko danna hoton don ƙarin bayani da kuma ƙuduri mafi girma.

Abubuwan da ake buƙata don noma da kuma kula da Saxon

Hops ɗin Saxon suna bunƙasa a yanayin gida. Noman hops na Burtaniya yana da tarihi mai kyau a Kent da sassan West Midlands. Masu noman suna la'akari da yanayin ƙasa, ruwan sama, da tsarin trellis a hankali don biyan buƙatun shuka da kuma yawan amfanin da ake tsammani.

Yanayi yana da matuƙar muhimmanci ga lafiyar hops. Yanayi mai sanyi da rana mai dumi ya dace da ci gaban konewa. Zafin bazara mai yawa ko fari mai tsawo na iya rage yawan amfanin gona sosai. A gefe guda kuma, yanayi mai zafi yana ƙara matsin lamba ga cututtuka kuma yana rage lokacin girbi.

Ci gaban noma ya sauya fannonin zamani na hop. Bincike a Kwalejin Wye da sauran cibiyoyi ya haifar da haɓaka hop na hedgerow. Waɗannan nau'ikan suna girma kimanin ƙafa takwas tsayi, wanda ke rage farashin wurin aiki da kuma ba da damar girbi da kulawa ta hanyar injina.

• Tsawon trellis ƙasa yana sa ya yiwu a yi amfani da injin wajen zana shi.
• Rage kuzarin shuka yana rage buƙatar aiki da kuma abubuwan da ake buƙata.
• Hutun hedgerow yana ƙarfafa gefunan fili daban-daban da kwari masu amfani.

Kula da kwari da lafiyar tsirrai su ne muhimman abubuwan da ake la'akari da su. Noman hops na zamani na Burtaniya ya mayar da hankali kan zaɓar nau'ikan da ke da juriya ga cututtukan hops masu yawa. Masu kiwon dabbobi suna da nufin rage asarar mildew da ƙwayoyin cuta, rage buƙatar magungunan fungi da kuma kiyaye yawan amfanin gona duk da yanayin da ake ciki.

Matakai masu amfani suna da mahimmanci don sarrafa haɗari a noman Saxon. Dubawa akai-akai, ban ruwa mai kyau, da kuma jujjuya magunguna suna taimakawa wajen hana barkewar cutar. Manoma da yawa suna haɗa hanyoyin kula da al'adu tare da zaɓin da ba su da tsauri don rage amfani da sinadarai yayin da suke kiyaye ingancin mazugi.

Abubuwan kasuwa da muhalli suna shafar zaɓin gonaki. Girman gona na iya canzawa dangane da buƙata da matsin lamba na cututtuka. Masu samar da amfanin gona waɗanda suka rungumi shuke-shuken hedgerow da kuma nau'ikan da suka dace da yanayinsu sau da yawa suna fuskantar ƙarancin farashi a kowace hekta da kuma mafi kyawun daidaitawa da hanyoyin samar da kayayyaki na zamani.

Manomi yana duba bishiyoyin kore masu kyau suna hawa dogayen bishiyoyi a cikin filin karkara na Saxon tare da tuddai masu birgima da gidan gona a ƙarƙashin sararin sama mai shuɗi mai haske.
Danna ko danna hoton don ƙarin bayani da kuma ƙuduri mafi girma.

Girbi, sarrafawa, da aljihun tsalle-tsalle

Manoman Saxon suna haɗa al'ada da ingantaccen zamani a lokacin girbi. Suna ɗaukar lokacin girbinsu don adana mai mai canzawa, wanda ke tabbatar da ƙarancin rauni. Wannan hanyar kai tsaye tana shafar ingancin bushewa da adana hop.

Hanyoyin girbi sun bambanta, inda ake fifita girbe amfanin gona da hannu a ƙananan gonakin Birtaniya saboda sauƙin amfani da shi. Tsarin injina, wanda aka gabatar a shekarar 1922, ya yaɗu. A ƙarshen shekarun 1950, sun samar da girbi mai sauri da daidaito, musamman ga nau'ikan da aka rene don ingancin injin.

Bayan girbi, busarwa tana da sauri don rage asarar mai da kuma adana alpha acid. Dokokin tarihi, tun daga shekarar 1603, sun tsara ayyukan yau. Waɗannan sun haɗa da yiwa aljihun hop alama da shekara, wuri, da sunan mai noma don tabbatar da sahihancinsa. Irin waɗannan ƙa'idodi suna da mahimmanci don kiyaye ingancin hop.

Hanyoyin tattarawa suna shafar riƙe ƙamshi sosai. Masu noman galibi suna amfani da jakunkunan da aka rufe da injin ko kuma waɗanda aka yi musu fenti da nitrogen. Suna fifita ƙwayoyin cuta ko abubuwan da aka cire don tsawon lokacin da za a adana su. Daidaitaccen marufi, tare da busarwa mai kyau, yana kare mahaɗan dandano ga masana'antar giya.

Ingantaccen ajiyar hop yana da mahimmanci, yana rage haɗarin iskar oxygen, haske, da zafi. Ajiye sanyi ya dace da hops masu ƙamshi kamar Saxon. Ba tare da ɗakunan sanyi ba, masana'antun giya ya kamata su juya kayan kuma su yi amfani da su a cikin lokacin da za su iya ajiyewa don hana lalacewa.

Matakai masu amfani ga masu yin giya da manoma:

• Shirya tagogi don girbewa don inganta matakan mai da kuma rage lalacewar da za a iya samu yayin girbe furanni.
• Yi amfani da busarwa cikin sauri, ko da kuwa da tsalle-tsalle don daidaita ƙamshi da kuma daidaita adadin alpha acid.
• Aljihunan tambarin hop tare da cikakkun bayanai na asali don cika ƙa'idodin ingancin hop da kare suna.
• A adana hops a cikin sanyi, babu iskar oxygen, kuma duhu domin ya ƙara tsawon lokacin ajiya.

Hops na Saxon a cikin girke-girke da hanyoyin yin giya

Ana matuƙar daraja hops na Saxon saboda ƙamshinsu a lokacin yin giya na zamani. Ana ƙara su ne inda mai mai canzawa zai iya jure zafi ya shiga cikin wort ko giya. Manufar ita ce a fitar da furanni, kayan yaji, da 'ya'yan itacen citrus ba tare da gabatar da ɗanɗanon kayan lambu masu zafi ba.

Sanya Saxon a matsayin ƙwararren mai ƙarawa a ƙarshen lokaci. Zai fi kyau a ƙara su a cikin mintuna 10-15 na ƙarshe na tafasa don kama mai mai kyau. Ƙara Saxon a cikin ruwan zafi ko a yanayin zafi mai tsayi (ƙasa da 80°C / 176°F) yana taimakawa wajen kiyaye ƙamshi mai laushi tare da ɗan ɗaci.

Bushewa yana fitar da ƙamshi mai daɗi da canzawa. Yana da amfani a tsara busasshen hop na Saxon a lokacin fermentation mai aiki don amfanin biotransformation ko bayan fermentation don samun ƙamshi mai tsabta. A rage lokacin hulɗa da mutum kuma a guji tashin hankali mai yawa don hana ciyayi ko rashin kyawun ganye.

• Jagorar yawan shan magani: Yawan shan magani na Saxon hop ya bambanta dangane da salon da kuma ƙarfin da ake buƙata. Yi amfani da ƙarin da aka auna don sarrafa ƙamshi da ɗaci.
• Lokaci: Kettle mai latti → Whirlpool → Busasshen hop don haɓaka ƙamshi mai laushi.
• Daidaito: haɗa Saxon da hops waɗanda ke ƙara ɗaci ko ƙarin 'ya'yan itace ko bayanan resinous lokacin da Saxon ya rufe kusan rabin lissafin hop.

Idan Saxon ya kai kusan kashi 50% na kuɗin hop, yana daidaita yanayin ƙamshi na giyar. Sau da yawa ana haɗa shi da hop mai ɗaci ko kuma abokin gaba na 'ya'yan itace don haɓaka jin daɗin baki da ɗanɗano. Tare da kusan kashi 9% na alpha acid, Saxon yana ba da ɗanɗanon ɗaci amma yana da kyau a ƙanshi.

Bayanan girke-girke masu amfani sun haɗa da daidaita yawan Saxon hop bisa ga girman batch ɗin da kuma ƙarfin da ake so. Don batch mai lita 20 da nufin samun kyakkyawan bayanin martaba na Burtaniya, ware Saxon a kan ƙaramin caji na late-kettle, wurin tsayawar swirlpool, da kuma ɗan gajeren busasshen hop. Ɗanɗano da ƙananan batches na gwaji suna taimakawa wajen inganta dabarar ƙarshe.

Haɗin ɗanɗano da nau'ikan hop masu dacewa

Ana bikin Saxon saboda matsakaicin sinadarin alpha acid da kuma ƙamshi. Yana ba da furanni, ƙasa, da kuma ɗanɗanon 'ya'yan itace. Masu yin giya da ke ƙoƙarin haskaka waɗannan ya kamata su mai da hankali kan girke-girke waɗanda ke jaddada ƙamshi. Zaɓin malt da yisti da suka dace, tare da haɗakar hop masu mahimmanci, zai inganta Saxon ba tare da ya rinjaye shi ba.

Wadanne malt da yisti ke haskaka halayen Saxon

• Fara da Maris Otter ko British pale malt don samun ɗanɗanon goro da biskit. Sai a ƙara ƙananan lu'ulu'u a ƙananan SRM don ɗanɗanon ya ɗan yi daɗi. Waɗannan lu'ulu'u suna sa ɗanɗanon ya daidaita.
• Zaɓi yis ɗin ale na gargajiya na Turanci kamar Wyeast 1968 ko White Labs WLP002. Suna fitar da esters masu zagaye da kuma ƙarewa mai laushi. Don samun kyakkyawan tsari, zaɓi yis ɗin ale na Amurka ko nau'ikan hybrid don ƙara ƙamshin Saxon.

Haɗin Hop waɗanda ke daidaita ko haɓaka ƙamshin Saxon

• Haɗa Saxon da nau'ikan Biritaniya masu laushi kamar East Kent Goldings ko Fuggles. Waɗannan hops suna ƙara fure da launin ƙasa, suna ƙirƙirar haɗin kai tsakanin tsoffin duniyoyi.
• Ƙara hops na New World kamar Willamette ko Cascade a cikin ƙarin da aka yi a baya. Wannan yana ɗaga alamun 'ya'yan itace masu laushi ba tare da ya fi ƙarfin Saxon ba. Yi amfani da hops masu ɗaci a farkon IBUs, ajiye Saxon don ƙarin whirlpool ko dry-hop.
• Yi la'akari da yin tsalle-tsalle na busasshe ko kuma ɗan gajeren lokacin taɓawa don kiyaye ƙamshi mai canzawa. Wannan hanyar tana inganta haɗin Saxon ta hanyar guje wa rashin kyawun ganye ko ciyawa.

Shawarwarin salo don haɗawa

• Ales da bitters na gargajiya na Birtaniya: Yi amfani da Saxon a matsayin kashi 40-60% na ƙamshi a cikin girke-girke na gargajiya. Wannan yana ƙarfafa halin Tsohon Duniya kuma yana jaddada daidaito da sauƙin shan giya.
• Salon ales masu launin shuɗi da na gauraye: Zaɓi yisti mai tsabta don Saxon da malt masu launin shuɗi. Wannan yana nuna yanayin hop mai haske. Ale mai launin shuɗi na zamani zai iya bayar da sarkakiya mai sauƙi ba tare da citrus mai ƙarfi ba.
• Saisons da giyar fermentation gauraye: Yi amfani da Saxon a hankali don ƙamshi mai rikitarwa. Yana yin kyau da phenolics da notes masu tuƙi da ganga.

Hops na Saxon a cikin shahararrun salon giya

Hops na Saxon suna gabatar da wani abu mai sauƙi, mai fure wanda ke haɓaka giya da nufin daidaita da ƙamshi mai laushi. Ana fifita su a cikin yin giya inda yanayin hop ɗin ya cika malt da yisti ba tare da ya mamaye bakin ba. Wannan nau'in giya ya yi fice a cikin salon giya na gargajiya da na zamani.

A cikin al'adun gargajiya na Birtaniya da kuma al'adun ales masu launin shuɗi, turare mai laushi na Saxon da ɗacinsa sun dace sosai. Ya dace da girke-girke na al'adun ales masu launin shuɗi, yana ƙara bayanin furanni da na ganye ba tare da rufe al'adun gargajiya na Ingilishi ba. Ga al'adun ales masu ɗanɗano da cask, gudummawar da Saxon ya bayar ta ƙara wa al'adun yeast na Ingila.

Masu yin giya na Amurka sau da yawa suna haɗa Saxon a cikin girke-girkensu don kama kyan Old World. Ta hanyar haɗa Saxon a cikin giya da nufin daidaita daidaiton transatlantic, suna samun ƙwarewa mai zurfi ta Burtaniya a cikin giya mai mahimmanci ga Amurka. Wannan dabarar tana da tasiri musamman a cikin giya mai launin shuɗi ko amber, tana haɗa gado da sauƙin sha na zamani.

Haɗaɗɗen fermentation da saisons na gidan gona suna ba da zane don bayyanar Saxon mai laushi. A cikin waɗannan salon, Saxon yana tallafawa phenolics na yisti mai barkono da funk na ganga, yana barin yisti da ƙwayoyin cuta su yi haske. Amfani da Saxon cikin hikima a cikin saisons yana ƙara wa furen rikitarwa ba tare da mamaye giyar ba.

• Ga launin ruwan kasa mai kama da na Ingilishi: a ba da fifiko ga ƙara Saxon a cikin launin ruwan kasa mai kama da na ale don riƙe ƙamshi.
• Ga nau'ikan 'ya'yan itacen Amurka masu kama da juna: daidaita salon giya na Saxon tare da ɗanɗanon bittering na Amurka don haɗa ɗanɗanon.
• Don saisons da gaurayen fermentation: yi amfani da Saxon a cikin saisons a ƙananan farashi, tare da yisti na gidan gona da ganga masu tsaka tsaki.

Dabaru na yin giya don ƙara ƙamshin Saxon

Domin inganta fure da ganyen Saxon, mayar da hankali kan lokaci, zafin jiki, da kuma sinadaran ruwa. Waɗannan abubuwan suna da mahimmanci don riƙe mai mai canzawa da daidaito a cikin giya ta ƙarshe. Yi amfani da takamaiman dabaru don kiyaye hasken Saxon yayin da kake guje wa mahaɗan kayan lambu masu tsauri.

Ƙarawa a makare da dabarun tsayawa a tsaye

Ga giyar da ta mai da hankali kan ƙamshi, a shirya ƙarin hop a ƙarshen mintuna 10-15 na tafasa. Ƙara wuta sannan a sanya hop a zafin 176–194°F yana kiyaye mai mai mahimmanci. Wannan hanyar tana iyakance isomerization na alpha acid.

Ƙara waƙar late hop yana ƙara ƙamshi ba tare da ƙara ɗaci ba. Idan Saxon shine babban mai ba da ƙamshi, sau da yawa yana yin kusan rabin kuɗin hop. Wannan yana tabbatar da daidaiton bayanin martaba.

Amfani da Whirlpool hop da kuma kula da zafin jiki

Bayan an gama amfani da whirlpool hop a ƙananan zafin jiki, yana ƙara ƙamshi yayin da yake rage tauri. Yin amfani da whirlpool a hankali na minti 15-30 yana taimakawa wajen rabuwa da ƙuraje kuma yana ƙara yawan fitar da ƙamshi.

A ajiye zafin da ke kan hop-contact a ƙasa da tafasar da ke aiki don guje wa yawan isomerization. Wannan hanyar ta dace da girke-girke waɗanda suka dogara da Saxon don wani yanayi na fure mai ban sha'awa.

Hanyoyin tsalle-tsalle da lokacin hulɗa da busassun kaya

Ana iya yin Saxon dry hop a cikin sanyi ko dumi, ya danganta da yadda ake so a cire shi. Gajeren lokaci na kwana 3-5 yana haskaka manyan bayanai masu haske kuma yana rage yanayin ciyawa.

Tsawon lokacin da aka shafe kwanaki 5-10 ana shafa shi yana ƙara zurfafawa amma yana ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da cututtukan da suka shafi ganye ko kuma waɗanda suka yi kauri. Yi amfani da raga ko jakunkunan hop na bakin ƙarfe don kiyaye allurar daidai da kuma sauƙaƙe cirewa.

Bayanin ruwa da zaɓin mashin

Saita yanayin ruwa don hops wanda ke tallafawa ƙamshi. Daidaitaccen rabo na sulfate-zuwa-chloride yana aiki ga salo da yawa. Ƙarancin chloride yana jaddada jikin malt kuma yana gabatar da ƙamshin hop ta hanyar zagaye.

Zafin da aka yi da niƙa tsakanin 152–156°F (67–69°C) don samar da matsakaicin yanayin da zai iya narkewa. Wannan nau'in niƙa yana adana isasshen jiki don ɗaukar Saxon ba tare da ya sa giyar ta yi siriri ba.

• Yi amfani da dabarun yin giya na Saxon waɗanda ke jaddada ƙarin giya na ƙarshe da kuma wuraren da aka sarrafa.
• Haɗa amfani da whirlpool hop tare da ɗan gajeren tsarin dry-hop don haske da kuma mayar da hankali kan ƙamshi.
• Haɗa yanayin ruwa don yanayin zafi na hops da mash zuwa salon giya don tallafawa bayyanar hop.

Misalin girke-girke ta amfani da Saxon hops

An tsara wannan girke-girke ne don ƙirƙirar ale mai launin ruwan kasa irin na Birtaniya. Yana haskaka furanni, ganye, da kuma 'ya'yan itace masu laushi. Manufar ita ce a sami daidaiton jiki da ɗaci mai matsakaici, tare da girke-girken ƙamshin Saxon a matsayin babban halayen hop.

Bayanin manufa

Giyar ya kamata ta ƙunshi furanni da ganyen Old World, tare da 'ya'yan itatuwa masu haske. Ya kamata ta kasance mai ɗaci da kuma tsabta, cikakke don zaman ko kuma ɗanɗanon ales mai ƙarfi.

Girman rukuni

Girke-girken yana kan galan 5 (L 19). Yi niyya don samun matsakaicin nauyi na asali na 1.046–1.050. Matsakaicin nauyi na ƙarshe da ake tsammani shine ~1.010–1.014.

• Maris Otter mai launin ruwan kasa — 4.1 kg (fam 9)
• Lu'ulu'u 20L — lb 1 (0.45 kg)
• Haske Munich — 0.5 lb (0.23 kg)

Lissafin Hop (jimlar hops)

Saxon shine babban abin da ke cikin wannan girke-girke. Yi amfani da shi kusan rabin adadin don jaddada ƙamshinsa. Hop mai ɗanɗanon ɗaci ko na Burtaniya zai cika ɗacin.

• Hop mai ɗaci (misali, Target ko Magnum) - don ɗaci don isa ga IBUs da aka yi niyya
• Saxon — 50% na jimillar ƙarin hop (an raba tsakanin kettle na ƙarshe, whirlpool, da dry hop)
• Hop na ƙarin (misali, East Kent Goldings ko hop na Amurka mai laushi) - sauran kashi 50% zuwa ɗanɗano mai zagaye

Misalin jadawalin tsalle-tsalle (jimla ~ 25 IBU)

• Tsalle mai tsauri a minti 60 — ƙara kamar yadda ake buƙata don isa ga IBUs da aka nufa (ƙididdiga ta amfani da Saxon alpha ~9% kawai idan an yi amfani da shi da wuri)
• Saxon a minti 10 — 30% na ƙarin Saxon
• Saxon a cikin wuta/ruwa mai ƙarfi (minti 20 mai zurfi) — 40% na ƙarin Saxon
• Dry hop Saxon + abokin tarayya hop na tsawon kwanaki 3-5 — kashi 30% na ƙarin Saxon

Yis da fermentation

Yi amfani da yeast na ale na Ingila kamar Wyeast 1968 ko White Labs WLP002. A yi amfani da shi a zafin 18–20°C (64–68°F) don rage yawan 'ya'yan itace da kuma daidaita yanayin 'ya'yan itace.

Mash da ruwa

A niƙa a ~154°F (68°C) don daidaita jiki. Wannan yana tallafawa kashi 50 cikin ɗari na Saxon ba tare da ɓoye ƙamshi ba. A daidaita yanayin ruwa kaɗan don guje wa ɗaci mai tsanani.

Bayanan aiwatarwa

Yi amfani da hop mai ɗanɗanon ɗaci da wuri don guje wa rasa ƙamshi mai laushi. Sai a zuba Saxon a cikin kettle ɗin da aka dafa da kuma wurin da aka yi amfani da shi don cire ƙamshi. A gama da ɗan gajeren ɗanɗanon dry-hop na tsawon kwana 3-5 don ɗaukar sabbin kayan ƙanshi na Saxon ba tare da halayen ganye ba.

Marufi da kwandishan

Bar giyar ta yi sanyi sosai har ta kai ga ƙamshi na hop ya shiga cikin firam ɗin malt. A yi tsammanin ƙarfin nauyi na ƙarshe zai kai 1.010–1.014, ya danganta da ingancin mash da zaɓin nauyi na asali a cikin wannan girke-girke na Saxon.

Ajiya, ajiya, da kuma samuwar kasuwanci

Tabbatar da cewa hops ɗin Saxon sun kasance cikin koshin lafiya yana buƙatar kulawa da zafin jiki, iskar oxygen, da marufi sosai. Musamman hops ɗin ƙamshi, suna rasa mai mai canzawa da sauri fiye da mahaɗan ɗaci. Ayyukan gida ko na giya masu sauƙi na iya adana alpha acid da ƙamshi na dogon lokaci.

Ajiye kayan Saxon hop mai inganci abu ne mai sauƙi. Ajiye su a cikin sanyi a cikin firiji don amfani na ɗan lokaci sannan a daskare su na tsawon lokaci. Yi amfani da jakunkuna masu rufewa ko marufi mai sinadarin nitrogen don rage iskar oxygen. Ya kamata a sha fakitin da aka buɗe da sauri don hana lalacewar ƙamshi.

Pellets na Saxon hop suna ba da fa'idodi masu yawa ga masu yin giya na gida da masu yin giya na kasuwanci. Suna rage yawan amfani, rage iskar shaka, kuma suna sauƙaƙa tsarin aunawa. Yawancin masu yin giya suna zaɓar pellets saboda amfaninsu akai-akai da sauƙin sarrafawa yayin niƙa da allurai.

Hops ɗin da aka yi da mazugi da kuma ruwan hops har yanzu suna da daraja. Dukan mazugi suna ƙara taɓawa ta gargajiya ga cask ales. A gefe guda kuma, abubuwan da aka yi da CO2 da samfuran da aka yi da isomer, suna tsawaita lokacin shiryawa kuma sun dace inda matakan alpha masu ƙarfi suke da mahimmanci. Zaɓi fom ɗin da ya dace da manufofin girke-girke da iyawar adanawa.

• Ajiyar sanyi tana kiyaye daidaiton alpha acid.
• Injin injin ko sinadarin nitrogen yana rage asarar ƙamshi da iskar oxygen ke haifarwa.
• Kwayoyi da abubuwan da aka cire suna ba da tsawon rai idan aka kwatanta da mazurari masu sassauƙa.

Samuwar hops ɗin Saxon na iya bambanta dangane da yanayi da kuma mai bayarwa. Ana iya siyan su ta hanyar masu rarrabawa na musamman da kuma 'yan kasuwa da aka kafa waɗanda ke ba da cikakkun bayanai game da asalin, alpha acid, da shekarar amfanin gona. Lokacin da ake siyan hops ɗin Saxon, tabbatar da ranar amfanin gona da takamaiman marufi don auna sabo.

Tabbatar da hops na Burtaniya a Amurka yana buƙatar tsare-tsare na dabaru. Tashoshi da masu rarrabawa na shigo da kayayyaki suna sauƙaƙa shigar da nau'ikan nau'ikan Burtaniya zuwa kasuwannin Amurka. Duk da haka, lokutan jagora suna da mahimmanci. Yi haɗin gwiwa da 'yan kasuwar hops masu suna kamar BarthHaas, Yakima Chief, ko masu rarrabawa na Amurka masu zaman kansu waɗanda ke bayyana hanyoyin asali da ajiya.

Lokacin da kake shirin siyan Saxon hops don rukuni, yi la'akari da jigilar kaya da adanawa lokacin isowa. Yi tambaya game da wadatar pellets na Saxon hop da kuma ko za a aika su daskararre ko tare da marufi mai rufi. Zaɓi gajerun lokutan jigilar kaya kuma ku nemi a ajiye su a cikin firiji don kiyaye ƙamshin hop da yanayin alpha.

Ga masu yin giya da ke da niyyar samun gudummawar ƙamshi mai ɗorewa, yi la'akari da yin odar manyan kayayyaki da kuma daskarewa fakitin da ba a buɗe ba. A madadin haka, zaɓi abubuwan da aka samo don ayyukan da suka daɗe. Bayyana lakabi, bayanin amfanin gona a shekarar, da kuma masu rarrabawa masu aminci suna da mahimmanci yayin neman hops na Burtaniya a Amurka. Suna sauƙaƙa samar da ingantaccen abinci don girke-girke na yanayi.

Terroir da kuma jan hankalin Old World British hops

Ƙasa, yanayi, da kuma yanayin lambu na dogon lokaci da ake kira hop. Ɓangaren hop na Burtaniya yana ba wa shuke-shuke ma'adinai, ƙamshi mai ƙamshi, da kuma yanayin ƙasa mai laushi. Masu yin giya da yawa suna daraja wannan daidaiton. Ya bambanta da nau'ikan 'ya'yan itatuwa na New World masu ƙarfi, yana taimaka wa giya ta fahimci wuri.

Masu yin giya da ke neman ingancin hops na yanki suna neman fiye da dandano kawai. Suna daraja asalinsu, sunansu ga manoma, da kuma ayyukan tarihi da aka haɗa da aljihun hops da buhuna masu siminti. Stan Hieronymus da sauran marubuta sun lura cewa terroir yana ba da labarin da masu yin giya za su iya amfani da shi don ƙirƙirar labarin giya mai ma'ana.

Hops na Old World suna nuna juriya a cikin gilashi. Idan aka yi amfani da su azaman wani abu mai ban sha'awa na ƙamshi, Saxon terroir na iya kawo furanni masu haske, ƙasa mai laushi, da 'ya'yan itace marasa ƙarfi. Wannan yana bayyana a cikin ruwan, wanda ya sa Saxon ya dace da giya da nufin nuna rikitarwa mai sauƙi maimakon ɗaci mai tsanani.

• Yadda 'yan ta'addan Birtaniya ke tasiri ga halin hop: yanayin sanyi da na teku yana kiyaye mai mai ƙamshi mai laushi kuma yana samar da launuka na fure da na ganye.
• Dalilin da ya sa masu yin giya ke daraja sahihanci da kuma hops na yanki: giya tana samun karbuwa da kuma alaƙa mai kyau da wurin, wanda ke jan hankalin masu yin giya da masu sayar da abinci.
• Misalan Saxon suna bayyana halayen Tsohon Duniya a cikin giya: a cikin wani nau'in giya mai launin ruwan kasa na Burtaniya, Saxon terroir na iya karantawa a matsayin ƙanshin fure mai zagaye tare da bushewa da ƙarewa mai laushi.

Yanayin dokoki, tattalin arziki, da masana'antu

Labarin hops a Birtaniya ya haɗa dokoki, kasuwanni, da kimiyya. Dokokin tarihi sun kafa ƙa'idodi masu inganci da ayyukan kasuwanci waɗanda har yanzu ke tsara tattalin arzikin hops a yau. Ƙoƙarin kiwo na hops da ake ci gaba da yi yana magance cututtuka, matsin lamba kan farashi, da kuma buƙatun masu yin giya, wanda hakan ya sa yanayin masana'antar Saxon ya zama mai canzawa.

Dokoki uku na farko sun kafa misalai na dindindin. Dokar 1603 ta hukunta hops ɗin da aka gurbata don kare masu amfani. Dokokin da suka biyo baya sun ba da umarnin a sanya wa aljihun hops lakabi da shekara, wuri, da sunan mai noma. Dokar 1710 ta hana ƙarin abubuwan da ba a haɗa su da hop a cikin giya, tana mai jaddada tsarki da kuma iya gano su. Waɗannan dokoki su ne ginshiƙin ƙa'idodin hop na yau.

Tattalin arzikin hop na Burtaniya ya fuskanci gagarumin sauyi a fannin gonaki da ƙima. Shuke-shuken sun kai kololuwar eka 77,000 a shekarar 1878. A ƙarni na 20, an sami raguwa sosai, sannan aka biyo baya da raguwar buƙatun lager, nau'ikan da aka shigo da su daga ƙasashen waje, da kuma canjin fifikon masu amfani. An cimma daidaito a tsakiyar ƙarni tare da kafa Hukumar Talla ta Hops. Canje-canjen dokar EEC ta 1982 sun kawo ƙarshen ikon sarrafawa na tsakiya, wanda ya ba ƙungiyoyin masu samar da kayayyaki masu zaman kansu damar canza dabarun talla da saka hannun jari.

• Matsin lamba a kasuwa: shaharar lager ta rage buƙatar hops na ƙamshi na gargajiya na Burtaniya.
• Canjin kayayyaki: hops da aka shigo da su daga ƙasashen waje da bambancin nau'ikan iri sun canza shawarar shuka.
• Tasirin manufofi: sauye-sauyen tallatawa da tallafi sun sake fasalin ƙasa da haɗin kai.

Bincike da kiwo suna da matuƙar muhimmanci ga juriyar masana'antar hop ta Burtaniya. Kwalejin Wye da Cibiyar Bincike kan Noma ta Duniya sun jagoranci ci gaban nau'ikan shuke-shuke, ciki har da hops na hedgerow da juriyar cututtuka. Lokacin da kiwo na Kwalejin Wye ya daina a shekara ta 2007, Ƙungiyar Hop ta Burtaniya ta kafa Wye Hops don ci gaba da ci gaba. Ƙoƙarin da ake yi a yanzu yana mai da hankali kan haɓaka nau'ikan shuke-shuke marasa inganci, masu juriya ga cututtuka tare da nau'ikan alpha acid yayin da ake kiyaye dandano na musamman.

Sakamakon da ake samu daga kiwo na hop yana tasiri ga manoma da masu yin giya. Sabbin nau'ikan suna da nufin rage amfani da magungunan kashe kwari da kuma daidaita yawan amfanin gona. Masu yin giya da ke neman dandano na gargajiya suna dogara ne akan takamaiman nau'ikan, wanda hakan ke sa kiwo da aka yi niyya ya zama dole don kiyaye masana'antar hop ta Burtaniya da kuma kare matsayin kasuwa na nau'ikan kamar Saxon.

Haɗuwar ƙa'idodin hop, zagayowar kasuwa, da kuma kiwo da aka yi niyya zai tsara samuwarsa, farashi, da inganci. Masu zuba jari, manoma, da masu yin giya dole ne su yi la'akari da canje-canjen manufofi, yanayin masu amfani, da ci gaban noma yayin da suke shirin haɓaka hop a nan gaba.

Kammalawa

Hops na Saxon sun kammala tafiyar daga tsohuwar giya zuwa sana'ar zamani. Sun maye gurbin gruit, suna ba da kariya da ɗanɗano. Wannan nau'in Birtaniya yana ɗauke da ƙamshin Tsohon Duniya, wanda ke nuna asalinsa daga Ƙasashen Ƙasa da kuma kiwo na Birtaniya. Yana haɗa buƙatun giya na gargajiya da na zamani.

Takaitaccen bayanin hop na Saxon ya nuna matsakaicin matakin alpha, kusan kashi 9%. Ƙamshi ne mai ƙarfi na hop mai ƙamshi da aka ƙara a ƙarshen lokaci. Girke-girke galibi suna haɗa da Saxon don rabin kuɗin hop, wanda aka ƙara a ƙarshen lokaci don adana furanni, ƙasa, da kuma bayanan ganye. Wannan hanyar tana kama sha'awar masu yin giya na yankin.

Haɗa hops ɗin Saxon a cikin masana'antar giya ta Amurka yana ba da hanya zuwa ga daidaiton daidaito na Burtaniya. Ya dace da ales na Burtaniya, ales masu launin shuɗi, ko saisons masu gauraye. Saxon yana haɗa terroir, tarihi, da hanyoyin zamani, yana ƙirƙirar ƙamshi na musamman, mai kyau.

Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi akai-akai

Menene hops ɗin Saxon kuma me yasa ake amfani da su wajen yin giya?

Saxon wani nau'in hop ne na ƙamshi na Birtaniya wanda ke da matsakaicin matakin alpha acid kusan kashi 9%. An zaɓe shi saboda gudummawarsa mai ƙamshi, yana ba da furanni, ganye, da 'ya'yan itace ko kuma ƙasa. Wannan ya sa ya dace da ƙara man da aka dafa a lokacin late-kettle, whirlpool, da dry-hop, inda za a iya adana mai mai canzawa.

Ta yaya sinadarin alpha na Saxon ke shafar shawarwarin girke-girke?

Sinadaran alpha na Saxon kusan kashi 9% na iya ƙara ɗan ɗaci idan aka ƙara shi da wuri. Duk da haka, ƙarfinsa yana cikin ƙamshinsa. Masu yin giya galibi suna haɗa shi da babban hop mai ɗaci don ƙarin da wuri. An keɓe Saxon don ƙarin da aka yi a baya ko tsalle-tsalle a busasshe don kiyaye ƙamshinsa.

Kashi nawa ne cikin ɗari na lissafin hop ɗin da Saxon ya kamata ya wakilta?

Saxon yawanci yana samar da kusan kashi 50% na kuɗin hop idan shine babban mai ba da ƙamshi. Wannan yana ba shi damar ayyana ƙamshin giya na Old World yayin da ƙarin hop yana ƙara ɗaci ko wasu dandano. Daidaita rabo bisa ga burin salon ku.

Waɗanne dabarun yin giya ne suka fi kama ƙamshin Saxon?

Yi amfani da Saxon a cikin ƙarin kettle na ƙarshe (na tsawon mintuna 10-15), a lokacin da aka kunna wuta tare da wurin tsayawa (kusan 80-90°C/176-194°F), da kuma a cikin tsalle-tsalle na bushewa na tsawon kwanaki 3-5. Wannan yana haɓaka fitar da mai mai canzawa ba tare da tauri ba. Gajeren taɓawa na dry-hop yana kiyaye ƙamshi mai haske; tsawon lokacin hulɗa yana haifar da ciyayi ko rashin iskar oxygen.

Wadanne malt da yisti sun dace da Saxon?

Malt na gargajiya na Birtaniya, kamar Maris Otter da ƙananan sassan malt na lu'ulu'u, suna nuna halayen Tsohon Duniya na Saxon. Yis ɗin ale na Turanci (misali, Wyeast 1968 ko White Labs WLP002) suna ba da esters masu zagaye waɗanda ke ƙara wa Saxon. Yis ɗin ale na Amurka mai tsaka-tsaki ko tsabta suma suna aiki lokacin da kake son ƙamshin hop ya fito fili a cikin yanayi mai haske.

Waɗanne nau'ikan giya ne suka dace da hops na Saxon?

Saxon ya dace da giyar gargajiya ta Burtaniya, giyar pale ales, da kuma bitters inda ake daraja ƙamshi mai kyau da daidaito. Haka kuma yana aiki a cikin giyar pale ales, saisons, da giyar gauraye inda aka hana halayen hop masu rikitarwa, waɗanda ke tallafawa yanayin da aka yi da yisti ko kuma waɗanda suka tsufa a ganga maimakon mamaye su.

Ta yaya zan adana hops ɗin Saxon don adana ƙamshi da alpha acid?

A adana hops a cikin sanyi—a sanyaya su a firiji na ɗan lokaci, a daskare su don ajiya na dogon lokaci—a cikin marufi mai rufewa ko kuma wanda nitrogen ya shafa don rage iskar oxygen. Kayayyakin da aka cire daga pellets da CO2 suna tsawaita tsawon rai. Rage lokacin da za a iya amfani da su tsakanin buɗewa da amfani kuma a bi jerin amfanin gona na shekara da na alpha don sabo.

A waɗanne nau'i ne ake samun hops ɗin Saxon kuma ta yaya hakan ke shafar amfani?

Ana samun Saxon a matsayin cikakken mazugi, ƙananan ƙwayoyi, ko kuma tsantsa. Ana amfani da ƙananan ƙwayoyi akai-akai da kuma sauƙin adanawa; ƙananan mazugi na iya ba da ɗan bambancin ƙamshi ga wasu masu yin giya. Cirewar tana ba da tsawon rai da ɗaci mai ɗorewa amma tana iya rasa ɗanɗano mai daɗi idan aka kwatanta da ƙananan mazugi.

Daga ina ne Saxon hops ya fito kuma ta yaya hakan ya shafi tarihin hop na Burtaniya?

Saxon ya samo asali ne daga dangin hop na Burtaniya wanda ya biyo bayan shigar hops zuwa Ingila daga ƙasashen ƙasa a ƙarshen ƙarni na 15. Yana cikin al'adar nau'ikan da aka rene kuma aka zaɓa a Burtaniya don yanayin yanki, yana nuna ci gaban lambu na ƙarni, kula da ingancin ƙa'idoji, da kuma kula da terroir.

Ta yaya 'yan ta'adda na Burtaniya ke tasiri ga halin Saxon?

Ƙasa, yanayi mai kyau, da noman lambu a yankuna kamar Kent da West Midlands suna tsara tsarin man hop da ƙamshi. Tarin terroir na Burtaniya yana mai da hankali kan ƙananan furanni masu zagaye da ganye maimakon abubuwan citrus masu fashewa ko resinous New World, wanda ke taimaka wa Saxon isar da bayanin Tsohon Duniya wanda masu yin giya da yawa ke daraja.

Waɗanne hanyoyin noma da girbi ne ke shafar ingancin Saxon?

Noman zamani na Birtaniya yana daidaita juriya ga cututtuka, bambancin yawan amfanin ƙasa, da ƙarancin sinadarai. Nau'in trellis mai shinge ko gajeru da girbin injina suna rage yawan aiki da inganta daidaito. Busarwa cikin sauri, tattarawa da kyau, da bin ƙa'idodin inganci - waɗanda suka samo asali daga ƙa'idodin tarihi - suna tabbatar da adana alpha acid da mai mai canzawa sosai.

Akwai alamun inganci na shari'a ko na tarihi da ya kamata in nema lokacin da nake neman Saxon?

A tarihi, dokar Ingila ta buƙaci a yi amfani da aljihun hops da aka yi wa fenti da shekarar amfanin gona, sunan mai noma, da wurin da aka girma don tabbatar da asalinsa. A yau, 'yan kasuwa masu suna suna lissafa asali, alpha acid, da shekarar amfanin gona. Nemi masu samar da kayayyaki waɗanda ke ba da bayanin asalinsa kuma waɗanda ke kula da ajiyar sanyi don adana ƙamshi.

Waɗanne nau'ikan hops masu dacewa sun dace da Saxon?

Haɗa Saxon da sauran nau'ikan Birtaniya don samun haɗin kai a Old World, ko kuma a haɗa shi da hops mai laushi na New World don ƙara 'ya'yan itace ko resin mai laushi ba tare da ɓoye alamun fure da ganye na Saxon ba. Yi amfani da hops mai ɗaci mai girma da wuri idan ana buƙatar ƙarin IBUs yayin da ake ajiye Saxon don ƙarin da aka yi a baya da kuma matakan busassun hop don kiyaye ƙamshinsa.

Ta yaya zan iya tsara girke-girke na asali na Saxon-forward pale ale?

Gina tushen Maris Otter tare da ƙaramin ƙara na lu'ulu'u don daidaitawa. Yi amfani da yisti na ale na Ingilishi ko na tsaka tsaki da kuma hops ɗin da aka raba don Saxon ya kai kusan kashi 50% na lissafin hop. Sanya hops masu ɗaci da wuri (zaɓin alpha mai tsaka tsaki), ƙara Saxon a minti 10 sannan a kunna wuta/ruwa, sannan a busar da hops ɗin tare da Saxon na tsawon kwana 3-5. A niƙa a zafin jiki na 152–156°F (67–69°C) sannan a yi amfani da shi a zafin jiki na 18–20°C (64–68°F).

Za a iya amfani da Saxon a cikin giyar da aka haɗa da fermentation ko kuma wadda aka tsufa da ganga?

Eh. Ƙanshin Saxon mai rikitarwa yana aiki sosai a cikin saisons, giya mai gauraye, da giya mai shekaru da ganga inda bai kamata halin hop ya rinjayi phenolics da ke da yisti ko bayanin ganga ba. Yi amfani da yawan dry-hop mai ra'ayin mazan jiya da kuma gajerun lokutan hulɗa don haɗawa da rikitarwar ƙwayoyin cuta da oxidation.

Ta yaya ya kamata a daidaita sinadaran ruwa da zafin mash don tallafawa bayyanar Saxon?

Rabon chloride-da-sulfate kaɗan yana jaddada jikin malt kuma yana taimakawa wajen gabatar da ƙamshi na hop a cikin yanayi mai zagaye. Yanayin zafi a matsakaicin kewayon (152-156°F / 67-69°C) yana samar da daidaiton ɗanɗano da isasshen jiki don tallafawa ƙamshin Saxon ba tare da rage jin daɗin bakin giya ba.

Akwai matakan ajiya ko sarrafa su waɗanda ke kare musamman man fetur na Saxon masu canzawa?

Eh. A busar da hops da sauri bayan an girbe su, a yi amfani da injin tsotsar ruwa ko kuma a yi amfani da sinadarin nitrogen, a adana su a cikin sanyi ko a daskare, sannan a fi son pellets ko sabbin abubuwan da aka cire idan akwai buƙatar ajiya mai tsawo. A rage yawan iskar oxygen yayin marufi da canja wurin su. Ga masu yin giya, a ƙara Saxon a makare kuma a guji zafi mai yawa ko kuma tsawon lokacin tafasa don kare mai mai laushi.

Ta yaya kiwo na zamani da yanayin masana'antu ke shafar samuwar Saxon da halaye?

Shirye-shiryen kiwo na Burtaniya sun mayar da hankali kan juriya ga cututtuka, ƙarancin kayan da ake samarwa, da kuma dacewa da girbin injina, wanda zai iya shafar samuwa da halayen noma na nau'ikan kamar Saxon. Zagaye-zagayen masana'antu, canjin gonaki, da buƙatar kasuwa ga hops da ke haifar da ta'addanci suna shafar wadata. Manoman da aka dogara da su da 'yan kasuwar hops suna taimakawa wajen shawo kan bambancin yanayi.

Karin Karatu

Idan kuna jin daɗin wannan sakon, kuna iya kuma son waɗannan shawarwari:

• Hops a cikin Brewing: Cascade
• Hops a cikin Brewing: Cashmere
• Shaye-shaye a cikin Giya: Pacific Gem