AmaHops Ekuphiseni Ubhiya: I-Hüller Bitterer

Ukusondelana kwama-hop cone e-Hüller Bitterer asanda kuqoqwa ambozwe amazolo asekuseni, nensimu ye-hop ekhanyayo kancane nesibhakabhaka esiluhlaza ngemuva.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.

Iphrofayili ye-hop ye-Hüller Bitterer ibonakala ngokubaba okuhlanzekile, okuqinile kanye nomnikelo onephunga elimnandi. Lokhu kwaholela abenzi bobhiya abaningi bezentengiselwano ukuthi bathande izinhlobo ezintsha ezifana ne-Perle kune-Hüller Bitterer. Naphezu kwalokhu, indawo yayo iye yehla eJalimane, kodwa isatholakala kubahlinzeki abahlukahlukene.

Ukutholakala kwe-Hüller Bitterer kungaguquguquka, kuthinte ama-alpha acid ayo kanye nokuziphatha kwayo kwezinzwa. Lokhu kuhlukahluka kwenza ibhetshi ngayinye ibe ngeyahlukile. Naphezu kwalezi zinguquko, abenzi bobhiya abazisa ama-hops ajwayelekile aseJalimane ahlabayo bayaqhubeka nokusebenzisa i-Hüller Bitterer. Bayakwazisa ukuhlaba kwayo okuhlala njalo kanye nephrofayili yayo eqondile ye-hop ngezitayela zakudala.

Okuthathwayo Okubalulekile

• I-Hüller Bitterer (HUB) iwuhlobo lwe-hop olubi lwaseJalimane olwakhiwe yi-Northern Brewer.
• Yakhishwa ngokuthengisa ngo-1978 ngemuva kokuthuthukiswa kwayo ngasekupheleni kwawo-1960.
• Isetshenziswa kakhulu ekubabayo; iphunga elimnandi lincane.
• I-Acreage yehlile njengoba izinhlobo ezifana nePerle zithola ukuthandwa.
• Kutholakala kubaphakeli abaningi; ukuhlukahluka kwe-batch kuthinta ukusebenza kwe-hops yokwenziwa.

Uhlolojikelele lwe-Hüller Bitterer hops

I-Hüller Bitterer iyi-hop yaseJalimane, eyakhulela ukubilisa okuhlanzekile nokusebenza kahle kakhulu ensimini. Yavela esikhungweni sokucwaninga i-Hüll hop kanye nohlelo lokuzalanisa i-Hüll. Lokhu kwakuwukuhlangabezana nezidingo zabapheki bebhiya nabalimi. Yaziwa ngokuba yi-hop ebilisa eqinile, ethembekile, enozalo olucacile. Isetshenziswa kabanzi kokubili ekuphekeni kwe-lager kanye ne-ale.

Imvelaphi kanye nesizinda somfuyi

Lolu hlobo lwe-hop lwakhuliswa e-Hop Research Center e-Hüll futhi lwakhishwa ngo-1978. Lwalandela izivivinyo ngawo-1960 nawo-1970. Uhlelo lokuzalanisa lwe-Hüll lwaluhlose ukuthuthukisa ezolimo, lwakha ukukhetha kokuqala okungabuthi. Lokhu kwenza i-hop yakhanga abalimi ababhekene nezinselele ze-verticillium.

Uhlu lozalo kanye nomzali

I-Hüller Bitterer isuka ohlwini lwenzalo oludumile lwe-Northern Brewer. Yahlanganiswa nendoda ekwazi ukumelana nokubuna kwe-verticillium ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuqina kwensimu. Lo mzali unikeza i-Hüller Bitterer izici eziqinile zokubaba. Iphinde ikwenze ufaneleke ekwenzeni ubhiya besimanje, futhi inamandla okusetshenziswa kabili.

Amagama angavamile kanye nezindlela zokuqamba amagama

Lolu hlobo lubhalwe ngaphansi kwamagama amaningana kumakhathalogi kanye nohlu lwezohwebo. Amagama ajwayelekile ahlanganisa uHüller, uHueller, kanye noHueller Bitterer. Luvame ukukhonjwa ngekhodi yamazwe ngamazwe i-HUB noma i-cultivar ID 58/56/11. Ukusetshenziswa kwezipelingi ezihlukile kubonisa i-umlaut yesiJalimane (ü → ue) ezintweni zolimi lwesiNgisi.

Ukusondelana kwama-hop cones aluhlaza okotshani e-Hüller Bitterer anamaqabunga namagatsha ngaphambili, abekwe eceleni kwepulazi le-hop elifiphele kancane ngaphansi kwesibhakabhaka esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka esikhanyayo.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.

Izici ezibalulekile zokwenziwa kobhiya kanye nenhloso

I-Hüller Bitterer iyinto ethandwayo ezindaweni zokuphuza utshwala, eyaziwa ngokuqedwa kwayo okuhlanzekile kanye nokubaba okuthembekile. Ivame ukungezwa ekuqaleni kwe-kettle ukuze kutholakale ukubaba okuqhubekayo. Nakuba ingaba nomthelela ezingqimbeni ze-hop ezisekupheleni, indima yayo eyinhloko iwukubaba okubabayo ezindleleni eziningi zokupheka.

Uma kuklanywa izindlela zokupheka, ama-alpha acid e-Hüller Bitterer abalulekile okufanele acatshangelwe. Uhla lwe-alpha acid lungahluka ngonyaka nangomthombo. Ngakho-ke, ukusebenzisa izibalo ezivela elabhorethri yomkhiqizi kuyindlela enembile kakhulu. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa okubikezelwayo kokubi kwe-hop.

Ukuqonda ama-beta acid ku-Hüller Bitterer kuyisihluthulelo sokuhlela ukunambitheka kwesikhathi eside. Ngokungafani nama-alpha acid, ama-beta acid awayi-isomeri kodwa asathinta ubumuncu bukabhiya ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Imibiko yelabhorethri ivame ukukhombisa ama-beta acid ebangeni eligcina izinguquko zokunambitheka zincane ngesikhathi sokufakwa kwe-cellar evamile.

Iphesenti le-cohumulone le-Hüller Bitterer livame ukuba semakhulwini eminyaka angamashumi amabili aphezulu. Lokhu kubonisa ukubaba okuphakathi, okuhlanzekile kunokuba kube nokunambitheka okubukhali noma okuluhlaza. Abenzi bobhiya kufanele baqhathanise lesi sibalo ukuze bahlulele ukubaba kwe-hop okubonwayo ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene.

Ngezansi amaphuzu asheshayo okubhekisela kuwo ukuze uqondise ukwakheka:

• Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko: i-bittering hop yokwengeza kusenesikhathi kanye ne-billing hops.
• Amandla okugxuma aphindwe kabili okwengeza okuncane kwakamuva lapho kudingeka iphunga elimnandi.
• Ama-Alpha acids Hüller Okubabayo: ngokuvamile 4.5–7%, eminye imithombo ibika 6–10%, ngakho-ke qinisekisa ngamalebhu abahlinzeki.
• I-Beta acid hop chemistry: ngokuvamile icishe ibe ngu-4.5–5.5%, kanti eminye imibiko isuka ku-3.8–5.4%.
• Amaphesenti e-cohumulone: cishe angu-26–31%, isilinganiso esingaba ngu-28–28.5% sobuhlungu obubonakalayo obuphakathi nendawo.

Ukusondelana kwama-hop cones aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka e-Hüller Bitterer anamaconsi amazolo etafuleni lokwenziwa ngokhuni lasendulo, i-kettle yethusi namasaka e-burlap afiphele kancane ngemuva.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.

Iphrofayili yephunga nokunambitheka

I-Hüller Bitterer inephunga elimnandi, elifanelekela ama-lager endabuko kanye nama-ales akudala. Ithandwa abenzi bobhiya abafuna ukubaba okuthembekile okunokunambitheka okuncane. Ukwakheka kwamafutha e-hop kuthambekele ekuthambekeni, kugwema amaphunga aqinile, akhangayo.

Ukwakheka okuyinhloko kwamafutha kanye nemiphumela yawo

Amafutha aphelele ku-Hüller Bitterer asukela ku-0.6 kuya ku-2.2 mL ngamagremu ayi-100, avame ukuhlangana cishe ngo-1 kuya ku-1.5 mL. I-Myrcene ne-humulene ziyisihluthulelo sesimo sayo. I-Myrcene, eyakha u-28-51% wamafutha, inikela ngamanothi e-resin, i-citrus, kanye nezithelo ezilula.

I-Humulene, etholakala ku-9–21%, inikeza isisekelo esiqinile, esihle, nesinongwe kancane. I-Caryophyllene, ku-5–8%, inezela ukuthinta okufana nepelepele, okuqinile, okufana nemithi. I-Farnesene, ebonakala ngamanani amancane, iletha amanothi aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye nezimbali ezincane. Okusele kwe-β-pinene, i-linalool, i-geraniol, kanye ne-selinene kuthuthukisa iphunga.

Amanothi athinta imizwa yabenzi bobhiya

Ukunambitheka kwe-Hüller Bitterer kufaka phakathi izithelo ezilula, izinongo, izimbali ezikhanyayo, kanye nethoni ephansi ye-resin. Iphrofayili yayo yokuzwa ehlanzekile nevinjelwe iyenza ifaneleke kakhulu ekubabayo okunephunga elincane.

Uma ifakwa sekwephuzile emathunjini, i-whirlpool, noma i-dry hopping, inikeza ukunambitheka okuthambile kwezimbali nezinongo. Ukubilisa isikhathi eside kunciphisa amafutha ashintshashintshayo, kugcizelela ukubaba. Ukwengezwa kokuqala kugxila ekubabeni, kuyilapho okwakamuva kugcina amaphunga athambile.

Isandla esiseduze esiphethe uHüller oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka omusha. UBitterer ugxuma etafuleni lokhuni lasendulo, ene-beaker yengilazi yobhiya wegolide kanye nemigqomo yefektri yobhiya efiphele ngemuva.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.

Amanani okukhiqiza ubhiya kanye nokusetshenziswa okungokoqobo

UHüller Bitterer uphumelela kakhulu njengomuntu othanda ukubaba okuqondile. Sebenzisa izibalo ze-alpha acid ezithile zeqembu ukuze uthole izibalo ezinembile ze-alpha acid lapho uhlela ama-IBU. Isilinganiso esijwayelekile sepulazi siseduze no-5.8%, kanti amazinga ajwayelekile asukela ku-4.5–7%. Ngezinye izikhathi, amasampula afinyelela ku-10%. Qinisekisa imibiko yelabhorethri ngaphambi kosuku lokuphuza utshwala ukuze ugweme ukubaba okujulile noma okungaphansi kokudubula.

Izibalo ezibuhlungu kanye nokusetshenziswa

Ukuze uthole izibalo ze-IBU, i-Hüller Bitterer, faka i-alpha elinganisiwe kufomula oyikhethile. Amanani okusetshenziswa kwesikhathi sokubilisa ajwayelekile ayasebenza. Phatha lokhu ku-hop njengento ephakathi nendawo ye-alpha continental. Sebenzisa amathebula okusetshenziswa ajwayelekile okwengezwa kwemizuzu engama-60, engama-30, kanye neyi-10 ukuze ulinganisele iminikelo.

Uma ulandela izindlela ze-Tinseth noma ze-Rager, lungisa amandla adonsela phansi e-wort kanye nomthamo we-kettle. Gcina amazinga okusetshenziswa ezinzile ukuze uthole imiphumela ephindaphindwayo. Ukwehluka okuncane kwe-alpha kusuka elabhorethri kuya elabhorethri kushintsha ukubaba kakhulu kunokushintsha okuncane kokusetshenziswa.

Izikhathi zokwengeza ezinconyiwe

• Ukwengezwa kokubaba kwemizuzu engama-60: ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kokubaba okubikezelwayo.
• Imizuzu engama-30–15 phakathi nokupheka: yengeza ibhalansi ngaphandle kokuphakamisa iphunga elinamandla.
• I-Whirlpool noma i-late hop engeziwe: izimbali nezinongo ezivinjelwe; lindela umthelela omncane ovela ekungezeni kwe-late hop uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlobo ezinamafutha amaningi.

Ukweqa ngokweqile akuvamile ngenxa yephunga eliphansi elivela ekufakweni kwe-hop sekwephuzile. Kusebenzise kuma-lagers nama-amber ales ukuze uthole izinongo ezithambile kanye nokubaba kwendabuko. Lapho wenza izindlela zokupheka, thembela ekubalweni kwe-alpha acid kanye nezikhathi zokwengeza i-hop ezihambisanayo ukuze ufinyelele uhla lwakho lwe-IBU oluqondiwe.

Ama-hop amasha e-Hüller Bitterer aboniswa kubhasikidi olukiwe kanye nesaka le-burlap etafuleni lokhuni lasemaphandleni elangeni elifudumele.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.

Izitayela zikabhiya ezifanele i-Hüller Bitterer

I-Hüller Bitterer ilungele ubhiya obudinga ukubaba okuhlanzekile nokuqinile. Ihambisana nezinongo ezithambile kanye namanothi ezithelo alula. Lolu hlobo lwe-hop lunokuguquguquka, lufanelekela kokubili ama-lager nama-ales, kusukela ezinhlotsheni zendabuko zaseJalimane kuya kwezesiBrithani.

Izindlela zokupheka zendabuko zaseJalimane ziyazuza ebuntwini bukaHüller Bitterer obuzithibile. Ilungele iDortmunder Export, iMunich Helles, kanye neSchwarzbier. Lapha, igcina ukubaba kulawuleke, igcina ukunambitheka kwe-malt, futhi inezela inothi elincane le-pepper noma lezimbali.

Kuma-ales alula aseJalimane, i-Hüller Bitterer isebenza njenge-hop esekelayo ebabayo. Ilungele ubhiya obukhethekile besifunda obudinga ibhalansi ngaphandle kwephunga elinamandla le-hop. Ukwengezwa okuncane okusemuva kugcina iphrofayili ithambile, kuyilapho ukwengezwa kokuqeda kungabonisa ukuthi kunephunga elimnandi.

Ama-ales esitayela saseBrithani ayazuza ekuqhathanisweni kukaHüller Bitterer kweNorthern Brewer. Afaneleka kakhulu kuma-hops e-ESB, anikeza ukubaba okulinganiselayo kanye namanothi athambile e-resin. Sebenzisa kuma-bitter amahle kakhulu, ama-ales aluhlaza, kanye ne-ESB ukuze ulethe ukubaba okuzinzile kanye nomgogodla wezitshalo ophansi.

• Imidlalo emihle: Schwarzbier, Dortmunder, Munich Helles.
• Kuhle kuma-ales: I-ESB, ama-ales amahle kakhulu abuhlungu, anesitayela sesiNgisi adinga ukwesekwa okuncane kwe-hop.
• Icebiso lokupheka: gcizelela izithako ezibabayo zakuqala kanye nokweqa kancane kancane ukuze kugcinwe isiko liphelele.

Ukusondelana kwama-hop cones aluhlaza okotshani ambozwe amazolo asekuseni endaweni yokwenza utshwala yasemaphandleni, enemigqomo yokhuni kabhiya omnyama onegwebu kanye nokukhanya okufudumele kwegolide ngemuva.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.

Ukuqhathaniswa nezinhlobo ezifanayo ze-hop

I-Hüller Bitterer isuka eNorthern Brewer, ihlanganyela iphrofayili ehlanzekile ne-resin ebabayo. Abapheki bebhiya bavame ukuqhathanisa lezi zinhlobo ngokusekelwe kuma-alpha acid, izilinganiso zamafutha, kanye nokuqina kwesitoreji. Ngezansi, sinikeza ukuqhathanisa okufushane ukusiza ekukhetheni i-hop ephelele yeresiphi yakho.

Ukuqhathaniswa neNorthern Brewer

Ubuhlobo phakathi kwe-Hüller Bitterer ne-Northern Brewer busondelene kakhulu. Zombili izinhlobo zizuza umgogodla oqinile, we-piney ovela e-Northern Brewer, ofanelekela ukubilisa. I-Northern Brewer ingaba nama-alpha acid aphezulu, kuye ngokuthi uhlobo luni. Ngokuphambene nalokho, i-Hüller Bitterer ivame ukubonisa ukufundwa okuthambile emaphepheni elebhu.

Khetha i-Hüller Bitterer ukuze uthole ukubaba okuncane nokuhlanzekile okunokunambitheka okuthambile. Uma uhlose ukuthola ama-IBU aphezulu ngaphandle kokwengeza ama-hops amaningi, izindawo zokuphuza utshwala zaseNorthern Brewer zingase zifaneleke kakhulu.

Ukuqhathaniswa noPerle noHallertau

Impikiswano phakathi kukaPerle noHüller Bitterer ivamile, njengoba uPerle ethathe indawo kaHüller Bitterer emakethe. IPerle inikeza ama-alpha acid aphezulu, ukuqina okungcono kokugcinwa, kanye nokutholakala kabanzi. Lokhu kuyenza ibe yindawo ewusizo ezindleleni zokupheka eziningi.

Kulabo ababeka phambili iphunga, cabanga ngeHallertau njenge-Hüller Bitterer esikhundleni sayo. IHallertau inezela amanothi athambile futhi amnandi ahambisana nephunga elimnandi likaHüller ekufakweni kamuva.

• Uma iphunga libalulekile, sebenzisa ama-hops esitayela se-Hallertau ekungezeni kamuva noma i-whirlpool.
• Ukuze kube nokusebenza kahle kokubilisa kanye nesikhathi sokuphelelwa yisikhathi, i-Perle iyindlela engcono ngenxa yokuphathwa kwayo njalo.
• Ukuze ulondoloze umlingiswa wokuqala, khetha uHüller Bitterer ukuze uthole ukubaba okuthambile kunezinye izindawo zeNorthern Brewer.

Ukushintshana kanye nezinye izindlela zosuku lokuphuza utshwala

Uma i-Hüller Bitterer ingekho esitokweni, thola enye esikhundleni sayo efanela indima yayo yokubaba kanye nephunga layo elincane. Abapheki bebhiya bahlose ukulinganisela amazinga e-alpha acid kanye namaphrofayili okunambitheka. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi ubhiya wokugcina uhlala uthembekile kuresiphu.

Ezinye izinto ezingcono kakhulu ezingasetshenziswa esikhundleni sazo zifaka phakathi iHallertau yephunga elimnandi kanye nePerle noma iNorthern Brewer ukuze kufakwe ujule obabayo. Sebenzisa iHallertau ukuze uthole isiphetho esinomumo wezimbali. Khetha iPerle uma udinga i-hop eqinile, etholakalayo eningi enamanothi afanayo e-resin. INorthern Brewer ilungele uhlamvu olunezinhlayiya nezinongo.

• I-Hallertau esikhundleni: isetshenziselwa ukwengeza kamuva ukuze kuthuthukiswe amanothi ezimbali futhi kuncishiswe ukubaba okukhulu.
• Indlela ehlukile ye-Perle: khetha ukungezwa phakathi nokuqala lapho i-bittering hop enamandla ene-alpha ephezulu iyamukeleka.
• I-Northern Brewer: isebenza kahle njengokufaka esikhundleni esisebenzayo lapho kudingeka umgogodla onenhlaka, obabayo.

Ukulungiswa kwe-recipe ukushintshana kwe-hop kudinga ukubalwa kabusha kwe-IBU ngokucophelela. Njalo yenza ukulungiswa kwe-alpha acid usebenzisa amanani e-alpha aqinisekiswe elebhu ku-lot ethile oyithengayo.

• Thola ama-IBU aqondiwe kusukela ku-recipe yokuqala.
• Thola iphesenti langempela le-alpha acid le-substitute oyikhethile.
• Lungisa isisindo ukuze ama-IBU abaliwe afane nethagethi, usebenzise ukulungiswa kwe-alpha acid ukuze kube nokunemba.

Uma ushintshela ku-Hallertau, yehlisa isisindo se-hop sekwephuzile kancane ukuze uthole ukubaba okuvinjelwe ngephunga elikhuphukile. Ku-Perle noma i-Northern Brewer ene-alpha ephezulu, yehlisa isisindo se-hop ukuze ugcine izinga le-IBU. Qaphela ukushintshashintsha kwe-co-humulone okungashintsha ukubaba okubonakalayo.

Landelela umehluko wephunga ngosuku lokuphuza utshwala bese uqaphela imiphumela yemizwa. Qopha amanani aqondile e-alpha acid kanye nokushintshana kwe-recipe adjustment hop kumaqoqo esikhathi esizayo.

Ukutholakala, ukuthenga, namafomethi

Ukuthola i-Hüller Bitterer kungaba yinselele, njengoba ukutholakala kwayo kuyahlukahluka ngokwesizini kanye nemakethe. Bobabili abahlinzeki be-hop abancane kanye nabathengisi be-hop abakhulu babala lolu hlobo ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngaphambi kokuthenga, hlola amanothi esitokweni ukuthola imininingwane ngonyaka wokuvuna, usayizi wephakethe, kanye nezindawo zokuthumela.

E-US, abathengi bavame ukuphendukela kubathengisi bezinto ezikhethekile baseJalimane noma abathengisi bezimpahla ze-heritage hop ukuze bathole i-Hüller Bitterer. Le mithombo igcina izinhlobo ezindala zishintshana. Izitolo zasekhaya kanye nabahlinzeki be-hop bakazwelonke nabo bangase bathwale izindawo ezimbalwa. Kuwukuhlakanipha ukubuza ngezinsuku zokubuyisela ezilindelwe kanye nosayizi omncane we-oda ovela kubathengisi.

Ama-hop ngokuvamile athengiswa ngefomethi ejwayelekile elindelwe ngabapheki bebhiya. Ngokuvamile ungakhetha phakathi kwama-hop aphelele kanye nama-hop e-pellet, kuye ngomhlinzeki kanye ne-lot.

• Ikhoni ephelele: ukusetshenziswa kwendabuko kwama-lager akudala kanye nezindlela zokupheka zomlando.
• Ama-pellet hop: kulula ukugcina nokulinganisa ama-extract kanye nama-grain batches.

Izincazelo zomkhiqizo kufanele zifake amabanga e-alpha kanye nezinsuku zokucubungula. Ama-pellet hops angabonisa ukusetshenziswa okuhlukile kune-cone ephelele. Lungisa izibalo zakho ngokufanele uma uthenga.

Ukutholakala kwempuphu ye-Lupulin kuyisithiyo esiphawulekayo. Njengamanje, ama-concentrates esitayela se-Cryo afana ne-Cryo, i-Lupomax, noma i-LupuLN2 awakhiqizwa i-Hüller Bitterer. Lokhu kuthinta izinketho zokwengeza okufike ngesikhathi okunomthelela omkhulu, i-whirlpool, kanye nokuhlushwa kwe-dry-hop.

Ngaphandle kwama-lupulin concentrate, thembela kuma-pellet hops noma kuma-cone aphelele ukuze uthole uhlamvu lwe-late-hop. Xhumana nabahlinzeki be-hop mayelana nezindawo zokugcina, amaphakethe ahlukanisiwe, noma ukuthengwa ngokubambisana ukuze kutholakale ukunikezwa kwamaphrojekthi amakhulu.

Isitoreji, isikhathi sokuphila eshalofini, kanye nokuqina

Kubakhi bobhiya abasebenzisa i-Hüller Bitterer, ukugcina kahle i-hop kubalulekile. Izimo ezibandayo, ezingenawo umoya-mpilo omningi zinciphisa ukuwohloka kwamakhemikhali. Ngisho nezinguquko ezincane ekugcinweni zingathinta kakhulu amandla okubaba kanye nephunga ngokuhamba kwezinyanga.

Ukugcinwa kwe-alpha kuyisilinganiso esibalulekile okufanele siqashwe. Imibiko ikhombisa ukuthi i-Hüller Bitterer igcina cishe ama-60-68% ama-alpha acid ayo ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ku-20°C (68°F). Omunye umthombo ukhuluma ngokugcinwa okungaba ngu-60% ezinyangeni eziyisithupha, kanti omunye ubika ama-68% ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo. Lezi zibalo ziqokomisa ukubaluleka kokulandelela ukugcinwa kwe-alpha kuma-IBU ahambisanayo.

Imikhuba yokugcina ephumelelayo inganciphisa ukulahleka. Ukuqandisa noma ukuqandisa, kuhlanganiswe nokuvalwa kwe-vacuum noma ukuhlanzwa kwe-nitrogen, kunciphisa ukuvezwa komoya-mpilo. Le ndlela ithuthukisa ukuqina kwe-hop futhi yehlisa imiphumela ye-oxidation eyonakalisa uwoyela nama-asidi.

Ukuguga kwe-hop kuholela ekulahlekelweni kokunambitheka, ikakhulukazi kumafutha e-hop. Njengoba amafutha encibilika, amanothi ashisayo nawezimbali ayancipha, futhi kungase kuvele amaphunga angemnandi. Ukwehla kwama-alpha acid nakho kunciphisa amandla okubaba. Abapheki bebhiya kumele bajwayele kokubili ukubaba okunciphile kanye nephunga elinciphile lapho besebenzisa ama-hop amadala.

Izinyathelo ezisebenzayo zabenzi bobhiya:

• Cela ukuhlaziywa kwamanje kwelebhu kubahlinzeki ngaphambi kokuthenga noma ukusebenzisa izindawo ezindala.
• Gcina ama-pellet noma ama-cone ezindaweni ezibandayo, ezincishisiwe umoya-mpilo ukuze kwandiswe ukuqina kwe-hop.
• Khulisa amanani okwengeza noma ulungise isikhathi uma ukugcinwa kwe-alpha kuphansi ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nama-IBU aqondiwe.

I-Hüller Bitterer ibone ukwehla kwezindawo zokugcina njengoba izinhlobo ezinokusebenza okuqinile kokugcina, njenge-Perle, sezithole ukuthandwa. Lolu shintsho lubonisa ukukhetha kwemakethe kwama-hops amelana nemiphumela yokubola futhi agcine iphunga isikhathi eside ngaphansi kwezintambo zokuphakelwa ezivamile.

Ukukhula, ukutshalwa, kanye nezici ze-agronomic

I-Hüller Bitterer ikhombisa ukukhula okuqhubekayo emasimini ezentengiselwano. Izitshalo zikhula izingalo eziseceleni ezisukela cishe ku-12" kuya ku-28". Usayizi wekhoni uphakathi nendawo, futhi ubuningi bekhoni busondela eduze kwebanga eliphakathi. Lokhu kuthinta isivinini sokukha kanye nokucubungula.

Isivuno se-Hüller Bitterer siyahlukahluka ngokwesifunda kanye nokuphathwa. Izilinganiso zisukela cishe ku-900–1700 lbs/acre. Lokhu kusho ukuthi cishe ku-1150–1370 kg/hectare, noma cishe ku-1020–1220 lbs/acre kweminye imibiko. Abalimi kufanele balindele ukuhlukahluka okusekelwe ekuvundeni kwenhlabathi kanye nezinhlelo ze-trellis.

Ukuvuthwa kwe-hop kuvame ukuba phakathi nesizini. EJalimane, isizini yokuvuna ivame ukuqala ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti bese iphela ngoSepthemba. Ukuqapha ukuvuthwa kwe-hop kanye nomuzwa we-cone kusiza ekukhetheni isikhathi ukuze uthole ama-alpha acid afanele kanye nokugcinwa kwephunga.

• Izinga lokukhula: eliphakathi kuya kweliphezulu, kuye ngokuqeqeshwa nendawo.
• Ubude bengalo eseceleni: ngokuvamile 12"–28".
• Izici zekhoni: usayizi ophakathi, ukuminyana okumaphakathi.

Izici zokumelana ziyaphawuleka kulolu hlobo lwesitshalo. Lwakhishwa lune-verticillium ukumelana, okwenza ukumelana ne-verticillium kube yindawo ebalulekile yokuthengisa kubalimi ezindaweni ezithintekile. Eminye imithombo iphawula nokumelana ne-downy mildew kanye nokumelana ne-powdery mildew, okunganciphisa izidingo ze-fungicide.

Ukumelana nokubuna kuthuthukise isikhathi eside sensimu futhi kwehlisa ingcindezi yokutshala kabusha ezivivinyweni. Noma kunjalo, ukuthambekela kwezinye izinambuzane zasendaweni kanye nokucindezeleka kwendawo kuvela kwamanye amarekhodi. Ukuvuna kungachazwa njengokunzima kakhulu kunezinhlobo zesimanje, ezinobuningi obukhulu.

Izici zasensimini zithonya ukukhetha kokuphatha. Ukugeleza kwamanzi okuhle kanye nokuzala okulinganiselayo kukhuthaza isivuno esiqhubekayo futhi kusiza ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwezifo. Ukuhlola njalo ngesikhathi sokuvuna kunciphisa ukulahlekelwa futhi kulondoloza ikhwalithi njengoba ama-hop esondela ekuvuthweni okuphelele.

Umongo womlando nowezentengiselwano

Indaba kaHüller Bitterer iqala ngawo-1960, okokuqala kwayo ngokusemthethweni ngo-1978. Abalimi bayincoma kakhulu ukumelana kwayo nokubuna nokungavuthi, okwenza kwaba yinto eyinhloko kuma-lagers nama-ale endabuko aseJalimane. Yashintsha kusukela ekuhlolweni kwensimu yaya emagcekeni okuhweba nasezindaweni zokuzalela, okwaphawula isigaba sokuqala esibalulekile ekuzaleni ama-hop.

Ukwamukelwa kwayo kwafinyelela esicongweni njengoba abalimi babefuna izitshalo eziqinile ngenxa yengcindezi yezifo kanye nezidingo zezolimo. Ifa lohlelo lokuzalanisa i-Hüll ligxile kakhulu ku-Hüller Bitterer, okuwukukhetha kokuqala okumelana nokubuna. Le mpumelelo yabeka isisekelo sokuba abafuyi bagxile ekubekezeleni izifo kanye nokuzinza kwezolimo kwezinhlobo zesikhathi esizayo.

Kodwa-ke, ukwehla kwezindawo zokulima ama-hop kwabonakala njengoba abalimi babefuna izinhlobo ezinezimpawu zokugcina ezingcono kanye nokukhanga okukhulu kwezentengiselwano. Abakhiqizi abaningi bashintshela ukugxila kwabo ekukhetheni ama-Perle esikhundleni samanye ama-hop esimanje, okunikeza isivuno esiphezulu noma ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe ngemva kokuvunwa.

• Ukusetshenziswa kwezentengiselwano: Okwake kwavame kakhulu ezifundeni zaseJalimane, manje kuncane kakhulu ngenxa yokukhetha kwemakethe.
• Indima yokuzalanisa: Isebenze njengomzali obhekisela ezifundweni zokumelana nezifo kanye nokulima.
• Ifa: Liyaqhubeka nokuvela ezingxoxweni zokuthuthukiswa kwe-hop kanye nezilinganiso zezolimo.

Umlando we-Hüller Bitterer ubaluleke kakhulu kubabhali bezomlando zokulima kanye nabenzi bobhiya abazisa imvelaphi yawo. Umthelela wawo emlandweni wokuzalanisa i-hop uyabonakala uma uqhathanisa imigqa yokulwa nezifo eyalandela. Nakuba ingadumile kangako namuhla, isahlonishwa ngenxa yezimpawu eziye zafaka emizamweni yokuzalanisa yesimanje.

Idatha yokuhlaziya kanye nezibalo zelebhu

Imibiko yelabhorethri kaHüller Bitterer ikhanyisa izinqumo zokwenziwa kobhiya. Yembula amanani aphakathi kanye nobubanzi bokubaba, iphunga, kanye nobuntu obuqhutshwa uwoyela. Lesi sifinyezo sichaza idatha ejwayelekile yelabhorethri kaHüller Bitterer kanye nezilinganiso ezibalulekile ekuhleleni izindlela zokupheka.

Amabanga e-Alpha acid ahluka ngomthombo. Imibiko eminingi ikhombisa isilinganiso esicishe sibe ngu-5.8% kanye nobubanzi obujwayelekile obungu-4.5-7%. Amanye amakhathalogi aphakamisa ububanzi obubanzi obungu-6.0-10.0%. Izibalo ze-Beta acid ngokuvamile ziwela phakathi kuka-4.5-5.5%, kanye namasethi edatha abonisa u-3.8-5.5% kanye nesilinganiso esingaba ngu-5%.

Amanani e-co-humulone athinta kakhulu ukuqonda ukubaba. Imibiko yelabhorethri ivame ukukhombisa i-co-humulone ku-26-31%, ngesilinganiso esicishe sibe ngu-28-28.5%. Okuqukethwe okuphelele kwamafutha kuyahlukahluka kakhulu, ngokuvamile phakathi kuka-1-1.5 mL/100g. Lolu hlu lubalulekile ekuhloleni ukuwohloka kwamafutha e-hop ekuhleleni iphunga.

• Amaphesenti e-Myrcene: anamandla cishe ku-28–51%, isilinganiso ~39.5%.
• Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-Humulene: ngokuvamile 9–21%, isilinganiso esiseduze ne-15%.
• I-Caryophyllene ilandela cishe ku-5–8%, isilinganiso esingu-6.5%.
• I-Farnesene ibhala phansi, cishe i-0–1%, isilinganiso ~0.5%.

Imephu yezinzwa ixhumanisa ukwakheka kwamafutha nokunambitheka. Iphesenti le-Myrcene lihlotshaniswa namanothi e-citrus kanye ne-resin, ikakhulukazi ekufakweni kwakamuva noma ama-dry hops. Ukuqhekeka kwe-humulene kunikela ngamathoni e-wood, amahle ezinhlanganisweni zephunga elincane. I-Caryophyllene inezela imiphetho efana ne-pepper, amakhambi, kuyilapho i-farnesene inikeza amacebiso aluhlaza noma ezimbali angabonakali.

Ukuqonda idatha yelabhorethri ye-Hüller Bitterer kubalulekile ekubekeni okulindelwe ngokubabayo nephunga elimnandi. Sebenzisa isilinganiso se-alpha acid kuma-IBU, hlola izibalo ze-beta acid ukuze uthole ukuzinza kwesikhathi eside, bese ubheka ukuhlukaniswa kwamafutha e-hop ukuze uthole ishejuli ye-hop kanye nokuhlela ukwelashwa kwe-dry-hop.

Amathiphu okuthuthukisa izindlela zokupheka kanye nezibonelo zokusetshenziswa

Qala ngokuphatha i-Hüller Bitterer njenge-bittering hop ethembekile nehlanzekile. Sebenzisa ama-alpha acid alinganisiwe ukuze wengeze i-kettle imizuzu engama-60. Le ndlela iqinisekisa ukubaba okuqhubekayo ngenkathi ivumela uhlamvu lwe-malt kanye namanothi ezinongo amancane ukuthi akhanye.

Ekubunjweni kwe-lager hop, gcina izithako ezisanda kwengezwa zincane. Hlosa ama-lagers endabuko aseJalimane, i-Schwarzbier, nezinye izitayela ezivinjelwe. Lapha, umgogodla oqinile ubalulekile. Sebenzisa i-Hüller Bitterer ngamazinga ajwayelekile okubaba, bese uthembela ku-mash kanye nokubilisa ukuze udale ibhalansi.

Ukuze uthole i-ale hop, hlanganisa i-Hüller Bitterer ne-Munich noma i-British malts ukuze uthole ukujula. Ukwengeza okuncane okusemuva—imizuzu emi-5 kuya kweyi-10 noma i-whirlpool ethambile—kungaletha ukukhanya kwezimbali noma okubabayo ngaphandle kokufihla ukubaba okuhlanzekile. Le ndlela ifanela i-ESB kanye ne-ales yesitayela saseJalimane.

• Qala ukubilisa ngokusekelwe enanini le-alpha yelebhu.
• Nciphisa iphunga ukuze ugcine ukugxila kwe-malt.
• Lungisa i-IBU ukuze ibonakale ibushelelezi, hhayi ulaka.

Uma uxuba i-hop ne-Hüller Bitterer, cabanga ukuthi iyi-anchor ebabayo. Hlanganisa ne-Perle noma i-Hallertau ukuze wengeze iphunga ngenkathi ugcina ukubaba kwe-hop kucacile. Sebenzisa i-split engu-70:30 noma engu-60:40 uma ufuna iphunga elengeziwe kodwa usadinga ukuzibamba kuka-Hüller.

Ukuze uthole izingxube ze-hop zokuhlola, zama izithasiselo ezincane zakamuva ze-citrus-forward hops njenge-Citra noma i-Amarillo kuma-ales. Gcina lezo zithasiselo ziphansi; i-Hüller Bitterer izohlala iyisisekelo kuyilapho ama-citrus hop engeza amanothi aphezulu esikhashana.

• Iresiphi eyisisekelo: I-Pilsner noma i-Vienna malt, i-Hüller Bitterer imizuzu engama-60 yama-IBU aqondiwe.
• Uhlobo lwe-Ale: Shintsha i-pilsner malt uye eMunich, engeza i-Hüller yemizuzu emi-5 noma i-small whirlpool hop.
• Uhlelo lokuxuba: I-Hüller bittering eyinhloko, i-Perle noma i-Hallertau yephunga elimnandi, ukwengeza okuncane kwe-cryo uma kudingeka ukuphakanyiswa kwe-hop okujulile.

Qaphela ukungabikho kwempuphu ye-lupulin kulolu hlobo. Ukuze uthole imiphumela ehlanganisiwe ye-late-hop, gcwalisa ama-pellets ngemikhiqizo ye-cryo evela kubahlinzeki abathembekile. Lokhu kugcina ukucaca ngenkathi kuvumela ukuhlanganiswa kwe-hop okunobuciko, okulingayo.

Lapho i-Hüller Bitterer ikhanya khona kanye nokulinganiselwa kwayo

I-Hüller Bitterer iyaziswa ngephrofayili yayo ethembekile yokubaba, iyinto ebalulekile kubapheki bebhiya. Ihamba phambili kuma-lager kanye nama-ales alinganiselayo, inikeza ukubaba okuhlanzekile. Lokhu kuyenza ifaneleke kakhulu ezindleleni zokupheka ezidinga umgogodla oqinile ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ama-aromatics amaningi.

Uma ucabangela lolu hlobo, kunezinto eziningana okufanele uzikhumbule.

• Ukubilisa okuhlanzekile nokuqedwa okubushelelezi Kungcono kakhulu kumaresiphi lapho kubaba khona okungathathi hlangothi nokuhlanzekile kukhethwa khona kunezinongo eziqinile ze-citrus noma zephayini.
• Amandla okusebenzisa kabili. Amafutha ayo aphelele avumela ubunzima obuncane be-late-hop, okuthuthukisa ubhiya obuhamba phambili ngaphandle kokubacindezela.
• Inzuzo yokumelana nokubuna kwezitshalo. I-Hüller Bitterer ibonise ukumelana okuphawulekayo ne-verticillium wilt, isici esiye sazuzisa abalimi futhi sathonya ukuzala.

Amandla abenzi bobhiya

I-Hüller Bitterer ifaneleka kakhulu kuma-lagers endabuko aseJalimane, i-Schwarzbier, kanye nama-ales ajwayelekile aseBrithani. Ukubaba kwayo okuhlanzekile kuphelele ekungezeni okubabayo lapho ukucaca nokuzibamba kubalulekile khona.

Okuqukethwe kwayo uwoyela okulingene kuvumela amanothi ezimbali noma amakhambi athambile uma engezwa sekwephuzile. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa okuncane kuthuthukisa ubhiya ngaphandle kokufihla uhlamvu lwe-malt noma lwemvubelo.

Ukulinganiselwa kanye nokungalungi okusebenzayo

Ukwenziwa kobhiya besimanje kubhekene nezinselele eziningana ngeHüller Bitterer. Ubukhulu bayo bunciphile, kwathathelwa indawo yiPerle nezinye izinhlobo, okuholele ezinkingeni zokutholakala kwabakhi bobhiya.

Imikhawulo yokugcina nayo ibangela inkinga. Ukugcinwa kwe-Alpha kwehla cishe ku-60–68% ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha zokugcina okungaphansi kokufanele. Lokhu kuguquguquka kwamandla okubaba kudinga ukuphathwa ngokushesha kanye nokuqandisa ama-hops.

• Akukho mpuphu ye-lupulin ekhona yale hop, okunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwayo ngamasu aqinile esimanje.
• Ukuvuna kuyinselele kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlobo ezintsha, okwengeza ubunzima bomsebenzi kubalimi kanye nabaphakeli.

Isiphetho

Isifinyezo sikaHüller Bitterer: Le hop yaseJalimane, exutshwe neNorthern Brewer, yethulwa nguHüll ngawo-1970. Kuyindlela ethembekile yokubilisa okuhlanzekile. Ama-alpha acid ayo aphakathi nendawo kanye nokuphakamisa okunephunga elimnandi kuphelele kuma-lagers endabuko kanye nama-ales avinjelwe. Ukumelana kwayo nokubuna kanye ne-agronomics ezinzile kwenze yathandwa, naphezu kokushintshela ezinhlotsheni ezintsha.

Ukuze uthole isiqondiso esisebenzayo sokukhetha i-hop, hlola njalo izibalo zelebhu yomhlinzeki wamanje ngaphambi kokwenza izibalo zakho zokugcina. Amanani e-Alpha kanye namafutha angahluka ngeqoqo. Ngakho-ke, sebenzisa isitifiketi sokuhlaziya somthengisi ukuze uthole izibalo ezibuhlungu. Gcina ama-hop ebanda futhi avaliwe nge-vacuum ukuze kulondolozwe ukugcinwa kwe-alpha futhi kuvimbele ukulahleka kwamanothi abucayi.

Amathiphu okupheka: Phatha i-Hüller Bitterer njenge-hop ethambile ethambile. Khetha i-Perle noma i-Hallertau uma udinga iphunga elimnandi noma ukutholakala kalula. Uma ushintsha ama-hop esimanje, anjenge-citrus-forward, lungisa okungeziwe kamuva noma uhlanganise ngamanani amancane ukuze ulondoloze ibhalansi. Sebenzisa lolu hlobo lwe-hop yendabuko, evinjelwe esikhundleni se-aromatic statement enesibindi.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Iyini i-Hüller Bitterer futhi yavelaphi?

I-Hüller Bitterer uhlobo lwe-hop lwaseJalimane olwakhiwe yi-Hop Research Center e-Hüll. Lwakhishwa ngokuthengisa ngo-1978. Lwahlonzwa emhlabeni wonke ngekhodi i-HUB (58/56/11), lwakhuliswa ukuze luvunde kahle futhi luthuthukise izici zezolimo, okuhlanganisa nokumelana nokubuna kwe-verticillium.

Yimaphi amagama angavamile kanye nokupela kukaHüller Bitterer?

Amagama avamile ahlanganisa uHüller, uHüller Bitterer, uHueller Bitterer, kanye noHueller. Amanye amagama asetshenziswayo ahlanganisa i-umlaut yesiJalimane (ü → ue) ohlwini lwezilimi zesiNgisi. Ivame ukufakwa ohlwini ngaphansi kwekhodi yamazwe ngamazwe i-HUB.

Iyini imvelaphi yofuzo kaHüller Bitterer?

I-Hüller Bitterer yehla ivela eNorthern Brewer ehlanganiswe nendoda ekwazi ukumelana nokubuna kwe-verticillium. Lolu hlu luchaza isimo sayo esihlanzekile nesibabayo futhi lunegalelo ekusebenzeni kwayo okuphindwe kabili ngezikhathi ezithile.

Ingabe i-Hüller Bitterer ngokuyinhloko iyi-hop ebabayo noma i-aroma hop?

I-Hüller Bitterer isetshenziswa kakhulu njenge-hop ebabayo. Imithombo eminingi iyibeka njenge-bittering kuqala, yize eminye iyibeka njengenezinhloso ezimbili. Amafutha ayo aphelele aphansi kuya kwaphakathi asho ukuthi ukungezwa kwe-sekwephuzile kuzonikeza kuphela amanothi ezimbali avinjelwe kanye nezinongo.

Yimaphi amazinga e-alpha ne-beta acid okufanele abakhiqizi bebhiya bawalindele?

Ama-alpha acid abikiwe ayahlukahluka ngomthombo. Amabanga avamile angama-4.5–7% ngamanani ajwayelekile aseduze nama-5.8%, kuyilapho amanye amasethi edatha ebala u-6–10%. Ama-beta acid ngokuvamile asukela ku-3.8–5.5% (ngokuvamile angu-4.5–5.5%). Sebenzisa izibalo zelebhu eziqondene nabalimi noma umhlinzeki lapho ubala ama-IBU.

Ingakanani i-co-humulone equkethwe yi-Hüller Bitterer futhi kungani ibalulekile?

I-Co-humulone ibikwa phakathi kuka-26–31%, ngokuvamile cishe phakathi kuka-28–28.5%. I-co-humulone ephakathi nendawo iphakamisa ukubaba okuphakathi nokuhlanzekile. Abapheki beziphuzo abazwela ukubaba okubukhali okubonakalayo kufanele baqhathanise amaphesenti e-co-humulone lapho bekhetha noma befaka esikhundleni sama-hops.

Iyini iphrofayili yamafutha futhi ifaka ziphi izinongo/amaphunga?

Amafutha aphelele ngokuvamile angu-0.6–2.2 mL/100g, ngokuvamile angu-1–1.5 mL/100g. Izingxenye ezinkulu zamafutha zifaka phakathi i-myrcene (~28–51%, isilinganiso ~39.5%), i-humulene (~9–21%, isilinganiso ~15%), i-caryophyllene (~5–8%, isilinganiso ~6.5%) kanye ne-trace farnesene. Lokhu kudala i-resin, i-citrus/fruit, i-wood, spice kanye ne-flower nuances, kodwa amafutha aguquguqukayo adonswa kakhulu emathunjini amade e-wort.

I-Hüller Bitterer kufanele isetshenziswe kanjani eketheni futhi iyithinta kanjani i-IBU?

Sebenzisa i-Hüller Bitterer ikakhulukazi ekungezeni i-kettle kusenesikhathi (imizuzu engama-60) ukuze ulethe ukubaba okuhlanzekile. Amathebula okusetshenziswa ajwayelekile asebenza kuma-hops ase-continental aphakathi kwe-alpha, kodwa njalo sekela izibalo ze-IBU ku-alpha acid eqinisekiswe elebhu. Lindela ukusetshenziswa okuvamile; lungisa isisindo uma umhlinzeki ebika amanani e-alpha aphezulu noma aphansi.

Ingabe ukwengeza okuphuzile, i-whirlpool noma i-dry-hop kuyasebenza nge-Hüller Bitterer?

Ukwengezwa kweziphuzo sekwephuzile kanye ne-whirlpool kunganikeza amanothi akhanyayo ezimbali namakha, kodwa iphunga lincane. Ukweqa ngokweqile akuvamile ngenxa yokuqina okulinganiselwe kwephunga; uma kusetshenziswa, lindela ukwenziwa ngcono okuncane okufanele ama-lager nama-ales avinjelwe kunobhiya obunamandla obunesitayela saseMelika obunephunga elimnandi.

Yiziphi izitayela zikabhiya ezifanelana kahle ne-Hüller Bitterer?

I-Hüller Bitterer isebenza kahle kuma-lagers endabuko aseJalimane, i-Schwarzbier, kanye nama-ales alinganiselayo njenge-ESB lapho kudingeka khona ukubaba okuhlanzekile, okubushelelezi kanye nezinongo ezithambile noma i-nuance yezimbali. Ifa layo laseNorthern Brewer liphinde lifanele amanye ama-ales athonywe yiBrithani afuna ukubaba okune-resin nokulinganiselayo.

Injani i-Hüller Bitterer uma iqhathaniswa ne-Northern Brewer, i-Perle, ne-Hallertau?

I-Northern Brewer iyisandulela sayo sezakhi zofuzo futhi inezici ezibabayo nezinongwe; izindawo eziningi ze-Northern Brewer zingase zibe namandla noma ziqine kakhulu. I-Perle ithathe indawo ye-Hüller kakhulu kwezentengiselwano ngenxa yokugcina okungcono, ukutholakala kanye nama-alpha acid amaningi. I-Hallertau iyindawo ewusizo yokufaka iphunga elimnandi lapho kudingeka iphunga lezimbali/elinongwe; izindlela zokupheka zingadinga ukulungiswa komehluko we-alpha, co-humulone kanye namafutha.

Yiziphi izinto zokufaka esikhundleni kanye namathiphu okufaka esikhundleni anconywayo?

Izinto ezivamile ezisetshenziswa esikhundleni sazo zifaka phakathi iPerle (yokutholakala kwezentengiselwano kanye ne-alpha ephezulu) kanye neNorthern Brewer (yohlobo olufanayo lwe-resinous). I-Hallertau isebenza njengokushintshana kwe-aromatic. Lungisa izisindo ukuze zifane nama-IBU aqondiwe usebenzisa amanani e-alpha aqinisekiswe elebhu bese ubheka umehluko ku-co-humulone lapho uhlola ukubaba okubonakalayo.

Abenzi bobhiya bangayithenga kuphi i-Hüller Bitterer futhi ngaziphi izinhlobo?

I-Hüller Bitterer itholakala kubaphakeli abaningi kanye nabathengisi be-hop abaku-inthanethi, yize ingavamile kakhulu kune-Perle noma i-Hallertau. Abathengisi banganikeza amafomethi e-cone aphelele kanye ne-pellet kuye ngokuthi isitokwe sinjani. Ayikho i-lupulin powder etholakala kabanzi (i-Cryo/LupuLN2/Lupomax) ye-Hüller Bitterer ngokwemithombo ebikiwe.

I-Hüller Bitterer izinzile kangakanani endaweni yokugcina futhi yiziphi izindlela ezinhle kakhulu?

Ukugcinwa kwe-alpha okubikiwe kuyahlukahluka; imithombo ibala cishe ukugcinwa kwe-alpha okungu-60–68% ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ku-20°C (68°F). Umkhuba omuhle kakhulu ukugcina okubandayo, okuncishisiwe umoya-mpilo—isiqandisi noma ifriji elinokuvalwa kwe-vacuum—ukuze kuncishiswe ukuwohloka kwe-alpha namafutha. Cela njalo ukuhlaziywa kwamuva kwelabhorethri kwezindawo ezindala bese ulungisa okungeziwe ngokufanele.

Isivuno, ukuvuthwa kanye nezici zasensimini kuthinta kanjani ukuphakelwa?

Izilinganiso zesivuno ziyahlukahluka kakhulu (cishe amakhilogremu angu-900–1700/ihektare noma ~1020–1220/ihektare kweminye imithombo). Ukuvuthwa kwenzeka phakathi nesizini lapho isivuno sivame ukuba ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti kuya kuSepthemba eJalimane. I-Hüller Bitterer yayiphawuleka njengohlobo lokuqala lohlelo lwe-Hüll olumelana nokubuna; ikhombisa ukumelana nokubuna kwe-verticillium kanye nokubekezelela ukubola, kodwa kulula ukuvuna kungaba nzima futhi i-acreage iyonke yehlile.

Kungani u-Hüller Bitterer enqabile endaweni yezentengiso?

I-Hüller Bitterer ithathelwe indawo ezitshalweni eziningi zezentengiselwano ngezinhlobo ezifana ne-Perle ezinikeza ukuzinza okungcono kokugcina, ama-alpha acid aphezulu kanye nezici zokuhweba ezithuthukisiwe. Ukuncipha kokutholakala kanye nezinhlobo zesimanje ezilula ukuzigcina kunciphisa indawo yazo naphezu kwezimfanelo zokukhiqiza ezamukelekayo.

Yiziphi izibalo zokuhlaziya okufanele abapheki bobhiya bazicele kubaphakeli?

Cela izibalo zelebhu ezithile ze-alpha acid, i-beta acid, iphesenti le-co-humulone kanye namafutha aphelele. Sebenzisa lawo manani ukuze uthole izibalo eziqondile ze-IBU kanye nokulungiswa kweresiphi. Unyaka wokuvuna wabahlinzeki kanye nomlando wokugcina nakho kubalulekile ekubikezeleni ukubanda kwamanje kanye nokusebenza kwephunga elimnandi.

Abenzi bobhiya bangayisebenzisa kanjani kangcono i-Hüller Bitterer ekuthuthukiseni izindlela zokupheka?

Sebenzisa i-Hüller Bitterer njenge-hop yokuqala ye-kettle yokuqala ebabayo kuma-lagers, i-Schwarzbier noma ama-ales alinganiselayo. Hlanganisa ne-Perle noma i-Hallertau ukuze uthole iphunga elengeziwe ngenkathi ugcina i-Hüller ukuze kube nokubaba okuyisisekelo. Kuma-ales okuhlola, okungeziwe okuncane okusemuva kungangeza umbala omncane wezimbali noma okubabayo; kuma-hop ahlanganisiwe e-late-hop ane-cryo noma ama-hops aphezulu ngoba akukho mpuphu we-lupulin we-Hüller otholakalayo.

Yiziphi izimfanelo kanye nokulinganiselwa okuyinhloko kukaHüller Bitterer?

Amandla afaka phakathi ukubanda okuhlanzekile, okubushelelezi, ukumelana nokubuna okuvela emvelaphi yayo yokuzalanisa i-Hüll, kanye nobunzima obuvinjelwe bephunga elifanele izitayela zendabuko. Imikhawulo ukwehla kokutholakala, ukuqina kokugcinwa okuguquguqukayo (okungekuhle njengezinhlobo ezithile zesimanje), kanye nomthelela omncane wephunga eliphuzi. Lokhu kushintshana kwenza kube ukukhetha okukhethekile esikhundleni sokufaka esikhundleni se-high-alpha noma i-cryo hops yesimanje.

Ukufunda Okuqhubekayo

Uma ukujabulele lokhu okuthunyelwe, ungaphinda uthande lezi ziphakamiso:

• Ama-Hops ku-Beer Brewing: I-Equinox
• AmaHops Ekuphiseni Ubhiya: Celeia
• AmaHops Ekuphiseni Ubhiya: Pilot