Isithombe: Izifo Ezivamile Ze-Kale Emaqabungeni Engadini Yemifino
Kushicilelwe: Disemba 10, 2025 20:30:55 UTC
Isithombe esinemininingwane yezitshalo ze-kale ezithintwe izifo ezivamile, okuhlanganisa amaqabunga aphuzi, izilonda ezimnyama, nokukhula kwesikhunta, esibonisa izimpawu ezivamile ezitholakala ezingadini zemifino.
Common Kale Diseases on Leaves in Vegetable Garden
Lesi sithombe sokwakheka kwezwe sinokucaca okuphezulu sibonisa umbono onemininingwane yezitshalo ezimbalwa ze-kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala) ezikhula enhlabathini yasengadini emnyama, eswakeme, ethinteka ngokusobala izifo eziningi ezivamile zamaqabunga. Izitshalo ze-kale zinamacembe abanzi, aqoshiwe anama-wavy, imiphetho ecijile ejwayelekile yezinhlobo zama-curly kale. Okuvezwe ngokugqamile kuwo wonke amaqabunga amaphakathi nangaphambili kuyizimpawu ezicacile zokutheleleka kwe-foliar - inhlanganisela yezilonda eziyindilinga, i-chlorosis, i-necrosis, kanye nezimbobo ezincane ezibangelwa umsebenzi we-pathogen. Izilonda ziyahlukahluka ngombala kanye nesiteji, kusukela kumachashazi amancane a-tan noma ansundu ngokuphuzi anemiphetho emnyama noma ensomi ukuya kwezikhudlwana, neziqephu ezihlangene ezibonisa ukufa okuphelele kwezicubu. Lezi zimpawu zikhomba izifo eziningana ze-kale ne-brassica, okuhlanganisa ukubola okumnyama (Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris), i-downy mildew (Peronospora parasitica), kanye ne-Alternaria leaf spot (Alternaria brassicae). Ukubola okumnyama kuvezwa ubumnyama, izilonda ze-angular ezilandela imithambo yamaqabunga, ngezinye izikhathi zikhiqiza isici esiphuzi esimise okwe-V emaphethelweni amaqabunga. Ukuba khona kwamachashaza amancane ayindilinga ane-necrotic anezindandatho ezigxile, ngokuvamile ezinsundu ngokumnyama nama-halos alula, kuphakamisa ukutheleleka kwe-Alternaria. Emaceleni angaphansi kwamanye amaqabunga (abonakala kancane ngenxa yokugoba kwawo), ukukhula kwesikhunta okufiphele okunsomi-mpunga okuhambisana ne-downy mildew nakho kuyabonakala. Umbala ophelele wamahlamvu uyashintsha usuke ekubeni luhlaza okumnyama okunempilo emaqabungeni angaphakathi amancane ukuya koluhlaza okotshani ophaphathekile, emaqabungeni amadala lapho isifo sibucayi kakhulu. Umhlabathi ongemuva ubonakala ucebile futhi uphila, unokhula oluncane namahlumela avelayo abonakala phakathi kweziqu ze-kale, okubonisa indawo yengadi yemifino yangaphandle. Ukukhanya kwemini kwemvelo kukhanyisa izitshalo kancane, kuthuthukisa umehluko phakathi kwezicubu ezigulayo nezinempilo, futhi kugqamisa ukuthungwa kwe-waxy kwamaqabunga e-kale. Ukugxila kubukhali emaqabunga aphakathi nendawo aphethwe yisifo, kuyilapho izitshalo ezizungezile nengemuva lenhlabathi lifiphala libe ukufiphala okuthambile, kudonsela ukunaka kombukeli emininingwaneni yokuxilonga yezimpawu. Isithombe sisebenza njengokumelela okuwusizo ngokwesayensi nokubukekayo kwezifo eziningi ze-foliar ezithinta izitshalo ze-kale, eziwusizo emfundweni yezolimo, inkomba ye-pathology, noma izinto zokuqeqesha ezididiyelwe zokulawulwa kwezinambuzane (IPM). Ithwebula ukusebenzisana okucashile phakathi kwempilo yezitshalo kanye nengcindezi yendawo ezungezile, ikhombisa indlela amagciwane amagciwane abonakala ngayo ngamaphethini ahlukene okubuka endaweni yamaqabunga.
Isithombe sihlobene: Umhlahlandlela Wokukhulisa I-Kale Engcono Kakhulu Engadini Yakho