Isithombe: Ukukala Okunembayo Ekukhiqizeni utshwala

Lesi sithombe esinokulungiswa okuphezulu, esiqonde ukuma kwezwe sinikeza ukumelwa okucolisisiwe nokubandakanyayo okubonakalayo kokunemba kwesayensi enqubweni yokuphisa. Enkabeni yokwakheka kumi isilinda esithweswe iziqu engilazi esobala, egcwaliswe ngokucophelela ngoketshezi olucacile olumelela udaka lwemvubelo yophisi. Uketshezi olungaphakathi luzolile futhi alunyakazi, lulingana ncamashi namamililitha angu-7, njengoba kuboniswa ngokucacile ukuthweswa iziqu okuwolintshi okumakwe ngokunembile eceleni kwesilinda. Lezi zinombolo nezimpawu ze-hashi zinikezwa ngokucacile okucophelelayo futhi zigqama ngokumelene nethoni emaphakathi yoketshezi, ehlinzeka kokubili ukugqama kobuhle nokufaneleka kwesayensi.

Isilinda esithweswe iziqu sibekwe endaweni ethambile, eyinsimbi—okungenzeka ukuthi insimbi engagqwali—okuthungwa kwayo okubhulashelwe ngokucashile kunomthelela ekubukekeni okupholishiwe, kwelebhu yesehlakalo. Ingaphezulu libonisa ukukhanya okufudumele okuwela ngaphesheya kwalo, kwakheka izithunzi ezinhle, ezinde ezinwebeka ngokuvundlile kuhlaka. Lezi zithunzi zethula ukusebenzisana okumangalisayo kokukhanya nesimo esithuthukisa ukubukeka kwesithombe. Ikhwalithi ekhanyayo yensimbi ayigcini nje ngokugqamisa ukucaca kwengilazi kodwa futhi igcizelela isisekelo nokugoba kwesilinda.

Eduze ne-cylinder, emi ngokuhambisana ngokuphelele, irula lezinkuni, elisetshenziswa njengereferensi yesikali. Irula imakwe ngamamilimitha namasentimitha, inophawu olufundekayo, olumnyama kanye nezinombolo. Ukuba khona kwayo kuqinisa ingqikithi yokunemba kanye nokuqina kobuchwepheshe, ihambisana kahle nezinqubo eziyisisekelo zaselabhorethri nezindawo zokuphisa lapho ukukalwa kwevolumu, amazinga okufaka imvubelo, nokufundwa kwamandla adonsela phansi kubaluleke kakhulu.

Ukukhanya okufudumele, okuqondisayo—okuvela ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwefreyimu—kufaka ukukhanya okusagolide ezintweni nangaphezulu, kudala ama-gradient athambile okukhanya nethunzi aqopha ijometri yesilinda nerula. Lokhu kukhanyisa kuvuselela indawo yaselabhorethri yantambama noma ukusetha okugxilile kwebhentshi lomsebenzi ngaphansi kokukhanya. Idonsela iso lesibukeli ku-meniscus phezulu kwekholomu ewuketshezi, echazwe ngokucacile, okuvumela ukufundwa kwevolumu enembile. Ukukhethwa kwamathoni afudumele kuphambene nezinto ezingezona ezingathathi hlangothi futhi kunikeza isithombe umuzwa ocashile wemfudumalo, ukunakekela, nokuthinta komuntu—ukuvuma ngekhanda isici sobuciko bokwenza utshwala ngaphakathi kohlaka lwesayensi olulawulwayo.

Ngasemuva, ukujula kwenkambu kwehla ngokushelelayo kube ukufiphala okuthambile, okuveza izimo ezingacacile nemithombo yokukhanya ekhomba ilabhorethri yochwepheshe noma isikhala sokuphisa sobuchwepheshe. Lo mphumela we-bokeh uqinisekisa ukuthi akukho lutho oluqhudelana nesilinda nerula egxile ngokucijile ngaphambili. Amathoni angemuva agcinwa evumelana nakho konke ukwakheka—okumpunga okupholile, ama-amber athulisiwe, nokunsundu okuthambile—okulondoloza isimo sokubuka esihlangene sendawo.

Ukwakheka okuphelele kwesithombe kubhalansiswe ngobuchwepheshe, isilinda esimaphakathi sizungezwe irula futhi sizungezwe ukukhanya okulinganayo nezithunzi. Kunomqondo oyisisekelo wokuthula nokuqaphela, njengokungathi lesi sikhathi simiswe ngokucophelela hhayi nje ukubhala inqubo, kodwa ukuhlonipha ukunemba nokunakekela ngemuva kwayo.

Ithoni yesayensi yesithombe isenza sifanelekele ukusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene: imanyuwali yokuphisa, ama-SOP aselabhorethri, imihlahlandlela yokuphatha imvubelo, amaphosta okufundisa, nokuthwebula izithombe komkhiqizo wemishini ehlobene nokuvutshelwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ubuhle bayo bobuhle buyenza ikwazi ukukhanga ngaphandle kwenjongo yayo yobuchwepheshe—ikhuluma nabaphisi botshwala, izazi zesayensi yezinto eziphilayo ezincane kanye nabashisekeli bokubila.

Ekugcineni, isithombe sima njengesingathekiso esibonakalayo sokunemba, ukulawula, kanye nomugqa oqondile phakathi kwesayensi nobungcweti ekwenzeni utshwala besimanje.

Isithombe sihlobene: Ukubilisa Ubhiya nge-Lallemand LalBrew BRY-97 Yeast