Shaye-shaye a cikin Giya: Ahtanum

Kusa da koren Ahtanum hop masu haske da aka lulluɓe da raɓar safe, suna rataye daga bishiyoyi masu ganye tare da filin hop mai duhu da sararin sama mai shuɗi a bango.
Danna ko danna hoton don ƙarin bayani da kuma ƙuduri mafi girma.

An sanya wa Ahtanum Creek suna ne bayan Ahtanum Creek kusa da Yakima, Washington, kuma Ahtanum ta ƙunshi yankin Pacific Northwest. Tana nuna dogon tarihin yankin a cikin hops. Tana ɗauke da lambar ƙasa da ƙasa ta AHT da nau'in ID YCR 1 CV, wanda hakan ke sa a iya gane ta cikin sauƙi.

Samuwar Ahtanum na iya bambanta dangane da shekarar girbi da kuma mai siyarwa. Ana sayar da shi ta hanyar masu rarrabawa da masu siyar da kayayyaki ta yanar gizo. A matsayin Ahtanum aromatic hop, zaɓi ne mai aminci ga pale ales, American IPAs, da sauran salon da ke buƙatar ɗanɗanon citrus da haske mai ƙamshi.

Key Takeaways

• An ƙirƙiro kuma aka fitar da Ahtanum ta hannun Yakima Chief Ranches a shekarar 1997.
• Ana amfani da shi musamman a matsayin abin sha mai ƙamshi don ƙarawa a baya da kuma tsalle-tsalle a bushe.
• An san shi da halayen citrus, fure, da kuma piney tare da ƙarancin ɗaci.
• An sanya masa suna ne bayan Ahtanum Creek, wanda ke nuna asalin kwarin Yakima.
• Ana samunsa cikin sauƙi ta hanyar masu samar da kayayyaki da yawa, tare da bambance-bambance dangane da shekarar girbi.

Bayani game da Ahtanum Hops

Ahtanum babban zaɓi ne tsakanin hops na ƙamshi na Amurka, wanda aka yi bikinsa saboda ɗanɗanon furanni da citrus. Yana da shahara a tsakanin masu yin giya na sana'a. Wannan bayanin ya yi bayani game da asalinsa da matsayinsa na kasuwa, yana ba da haske ga manoma da masu siye.

Asali da kuma mai kiwo

A shekarar 1997, Yakima Chief Ranches ya gabatar da Ahtanum, tare da nau'in ID YCR 1 CV da lambar ƙasa da ƙasa AHT. Ana kyautata zaton cewa wani abu ne da ya haɗa da Brewer's Gold, Fuggle, East Kent Golding, da kuma hops na ƙanshi na Bavarian. Duk da haka, ainihin asalinsa har yanzu ba a fayyace shi ba.

Sunan Ahtanum ya samo asali ne daga tarihin kwarin Yakima, kusa da Ahtanum Creek da kuma gidan Carpenter. Wannan alaƙar ta ƙara wa tarihinta daraja kuma ta bayyana shahararsa a tsakanin manoman yankin Arewa maso Yammacin Pacific.

Wuri a kasuwar hop

Kamfanin sarrafa giya na sana'a da ƙananan masu yin giya na kasuwanci suna da matuƙar daraja Ahtanum saboda ƙamshinsa. Bai taɓa samun karbuwa a manyan kamfanonin yin giya na masana'antu ba. Wannan ɗanɗanon ya sa gonakin da aka shuka su ƙanƙanta idan aka kwatanta da sauran nau'ikan.

• A shekarar 2019, Ahtanum ta kasance ta 26 a fannin samar da hops a Amurka ta hanyar kadada da tan.
• Tsakanin 2014 zuwa 2019, ta ga karuwar yawan amfanin gona na biyu mafi girma a tsakanin nau'ikan da aka kafa.
• Lokacin girbi na yau da kullun ga hops na ƙamshi na Amurka, gami da Ahtanum, shine tsakiyar watan Agusta zuwa ƙarshensa.

Yakima Chief Ranches ne ke da haƙƙin alamar kasuwanci da rarrabawa. Ana samun Ahtanum a cikin nau'ikan pellets, lupulin, ko Cryo. Wannan samuwa da nau'in ya sanya Ahtanum a matsayin zaɓi mai aminci ga masu yin giya waɗanda ke neman ingantaccen hop na ƙamshi na Amurka.

Mazubin hop na Ahtanum da aka lulluɓe da raɓa a gaba suna kallon gonar hop mai natsuwa da fitowar rana tare da rumfa mai ƙauye da keken katako a cikin filayen kore.
Danna ko danna hoton don ƙarin bayani da kuma ƙuduri mafi girma.

Bayanin Ƙamshi da Ɗanɗano na Ahtanum Hops

Hops na Ahtanum suna da ƙamshi mai haske da ban sha'awa. Ƙamshinsa galibi citrus ne, tare da launin furanni masu laushi. Wannan haɗin yana ba da kyakkyawan inganci mai kyau wanda ke haɓaka nau'ikan giya daban-daban.

• Citrus: lemun tsami da innabi masu haske waɗanda ke ƙara wa hanci ƙarfi.
• Fure: fure mai alama wanda ke kama da lambu kuma yana da ƙamshi.
• Pine da resin: gefuna masu laushi na Pine da resin waɗanda ke ba da ƙamshi mai kauri.

Bayanan sakandare da na tallafi suna ƙara inganta bayanin martaba gaba ɗaya.

• Ƙasa da itacen al'ul suna bayyana a tsakiyar tabo kuma suna ƙara zurfi.
• Alamomin ganye da ciyawa suna haifar da yanayi mai kyau da kuma sabo.
• Ƙananan kayan ƙanshi, lychee da blackcurrant flickers na iya bayyana a cikin wasu giya da gauraye.

Ƙamshin da ke cikin giyar da aka gama yana da tasiri ta hanyar lokaci da fasaha.

• Ƙara man da ke tafasa a ƙarshen lokaci da kuma na'urar busar da iskar gas suna toshe hanyoyin da ke bayyana yanayin ɗanɗanon Ahtanum.
• Bushewar ruwan geranium yana jaddada fuskokin geranium na 'ya'yan itacen citrus kuma yana sa bayanin saman furanni ya bayyana.
• Ana amfani da shi kaɗan a cikin kayan lager, Ahtanum yana ba da kyakkyawan wurin ɗaga itacen pine mai tsabta ba tare da wuce gona da iri na malt ba.

Kusa da ƙananan bishiyoyin Ahtanum da aka lulluɓe da raɓa a kan teburin katako mai ƙauye tare da hatsin sha'ir da aka warwatsa da kuma yanayin giya mai duhu a cikin hasken zinare mai ɗumi.
Danna ko danna hoton don ƙarin bayani da kuma ƙuduri mafi girma.

Ƙimar Giya da Haɗin Sinadaran

Ahtanum yana ba da ingantaccen bayanin sinadarai, yana taimaka wa masu yin giya wajen tsara aikin ɗaci da ƙamshi. Jerin alpha da beta acid na yau da kullun, jimlar mai, da yanayin ajiya suna jagorantar yawan amfani, lokaci, da adana hops ɗin. Wannan yana tabbatar da mafi kyawun fitowar ƙamshi.

Alpha da beta acid

Alpha acids na Ahtanum suna faɗuwa a cikin matsakaicin matsakaici, kusan kashi 3.5–6.5, tare da matsakaicin kusan kashi 5. Wasu masu samar da kayayyaki sun ba da rahoton cewa sun ɗan fi girma, kusan kashi 5.7–6.3. Beta acid yana da kusan kashi 4–6.5, matsakaicin kusan kashi 5.3. Wannan ya sanya Ahtanum a matsayin babban hop mai ƙanshi, ba babban hop mai ɗaci ba.

Halin Co-humulone da ɗaci

Cohumulone a cikin Ahtanum yawanci yana samar da kashi 30-35 cikin ɗari na alpha acid, matsakaicin kusan kashi 32.5 cikin ɗari. Wannan yakan haifar da laushi, ɗan ɗaci. Masu yin giya da ke neman ƙashin baya mai laushi za su ga wannan daidaiton yana da amfani a cikin ƙirar girke-girke.

Jimlar man fetur da man fetur

Jimillar man da Ahtanum ke samarwa ya kama daga kimanin 0.5 zuwa 1.7 mL a kowace 100 g, matsakaicin kusan 1.1 mL/100 g. Myrcene ya mamaye kusan kashi 45-55 cikin ɗari, yana ƙara sinadarin resinous, citrus, da 'ya'yan itace. Humulene yana da matsakaicin kashi 15-22 cikin ɗari, yana ƙara launuka masu kamshi da yaji. Caryophyllene, kusan kashi 9-12 cikin ɗari, yana ƙara ɗanɗanon barkono da ganye. Farnesene yana da ƙasa sosai, kusan kashi 0-1 cikin ɗari, tare da abubuwan da suka rage kamar β-pinene, linalool, geraniol, da selinene. Fahimtar man Ahtanum da kuma yadda suke da yawa yana da matuƙar muhimmanci don annabta ci gaban ƙamshi ta hanyoyi daban-daban na yin giya.

Ma'aunin Ajiye Hop da sabo

Ƙimar HSI Ahtanum da aka ruwaito tana kusa da 0.70, wanda ke nuna asarar acid da mai masu canzawa cikin sauri a zafin ɗaki. Don adanawa mai kyau, adana Ahtanum a cikin sanyi kuma a cikin yanayi mai ƙarancin iskar oxygen. Ajiyewa mai kyau yana kiyaye yanayin hop don ƙarin da aka yi a baya da kuma tsalle-tsalle a busasshe, yana kiyaye ƙanshin citrus, resinous, da fure mai kyau.

Kusa da raƙuman Ahtanum da aka lulluɓe da raɓa a cikin wani fili mai kore da fitowar rana tare da hasken zinare a kan tuddai masu birgima.
Danna ko danna hoton don ƙarin bayani da kuma ƙuduri mafi girma.

Yadda da kuma lokacin da za a yi amfani da Ahtanum a cikin Brew Kettle

Lokaci ya fi komai muhimmanci idan ana maganar ƙara hops a cikin giyar ku. Ahtanum yana haskakawa kamar hops mai ƙamshi, ba hops mai ɗaci ba. Ko da ƙananan gyare-gyare a cikin lokaci ko fasaha na iya canza ɗanɗanon giyar sosai.

Ana iya adana matsakaicin sinadarin alpha acid na Ahtanum da mai mai ƙarfi a cikin ɗan gajeren lokacin tafasa. Don samun ɗaci mai tsabta, yi amfani da ƙaramin ƙarin da wuri. Ajiye mafi yawan Ahtanum don ƙarin da aka yi a baya don ƙarawa da citrus, fure, da kuma pine.

Ƙara hops a ƙarshen tafasa, bayan mintuna biyar zuwa goma, ko kuma lokacin da ake kunna wuta, yana taimakawa wajen riƙe mai masu canzawa. Wannan hanyar tana tabbatar da sabo daga hops yayin da take ƙara ɗan ɗaci. Lokacin da kake shirin ƙara Ahtanum, yi ƙoƙarin rage yawan fallasa ga zafi mai zafi don kare mai mai mahimmanci.

Dabaru na tsayawar Whirlpool da tsalle-tsalle

Hanyoyin Whirlpool da hop stand suna ba da ƙamshi mai ƙarfi fiye da ƙarin tafasasshen ruwa. Sanyaya wort zuwa 160–180°F da riƙe shi na minti 10–30 yana fitar da mai yadda ya kamata. Wannan hanyar tana haskaka ƙanshin citrus da furanni na giya ba tare da tannins masu ƙarfi ba.

Lokacin amfani da samfuran da aka tattara kamar su pellets, foda lupulin, ko Cryo lupulin, daidaita ƙimar daidai gwargwado. Waɗannan nau'ikan sun fi ƙarfi, don haka rage adadin don guje wa wuce gona da iri ga giyar. Don yin amfani da whirlpool Ahtanum, fara da ƙasa da kashi 25-50% lokacin maye gurbin nau'ikan da aka tattara.

• Yi amfani da ƙaramin kuɗin da ke ɗaci da wuri idan ana buƙata.
• Ajiye yawancin hops ɗin don ƙarawa a tafasa a ƙarshen lokaci don kare ƙamshi.
• Yi amfani da wurin tsayawa a 160-180°F na mintuna 10-30+.
• Rage yawan nau'ikan pellet, lupulin, ko Cryo don daidaita ƙarfin aiki.

Kwararren mai yin giya sanye da riga da tabarau na kariya yana zuba sabbin Ahtanum a cikin wani injin yin giya mai tururi a cikin wani injin yin giya mai haske mai dumi tare da tankunan fermentation a bango.
Danna ko danna hoton don ƙarin bayani da kuma ƙuduri mafi girma.

Dry Hopping tare da Ahtanum

Ahtanum ta yi fice a matsayin abin sha mai daɗi, tana ƙara ƙanshin citrus da furanni ba tare da ɗaci ba. Lokacin da kuma tsawon lokacin da Ahtanum zai shafa zai shafi ƙamshin. Yana da matuƙar muhimmanci a tsara waɗannan ƙarin abubuwan da ake buƙata tare da la'akari da yanayin giyar da ake so.

Akwai manyan dabarun lokaci guda biyu. Ƙarawa yayin aikin fermentation yana haifar da canjin halitta, yana haɓaka esters na 'ya'yan itace. A madadin haka, ƙarawa bayan fermentation yana kiyaye ƙamshi mai tsabta da inganci. Dukansu hanyoyin suna da tasiri ga bushewar hop Ahtanum.

Lokacin hulɗa da Ahtanum ya bambanta dangane da ƙarfin da ake so. Ga giya mai ƙarfi da ke da hop, kwana 3-5 kyakkyawan zaɓi ne. Wannan tsawon lokacin yana ba da ƙamshi mai haske da citrus. Duk da haka, tsawon lokacin hulɗa, har zuwa kwana 7-10, na iya ƙara zurfi amma yana haifar da ɗanɗanon ciyawa ko na kayan lambu.

• Yin aiki a cikin fermentation: yana haɓaka ɗaga wurare masu zafi da estery ta hanyar biotransformation.
• Bayan ya yi tsami: yana kiyaye kyawawan furannin innabi, lemun tsami, da kuma furanni.
• Tsawaita hulɗa: yana ƙara resinous da pine undertone, tare da haɗarin samun alamun ganye.

Daidaita adadin da aka samu don nau'ikan da aka tattara. Yi amfani da kusan rabin adadin pellet lokacin amfani da foda lupulin ko Cryo don guje wa fitar da shi fiye da kima. Wannan jagorar ta shafi ko kuna yin tsalle-tsalle a kan Ahtanum a lokacin fermentation ko bayan fermentation.

Yi tsammanin tasirin ji mai tsabta da bayyananne. Hawan Ahtanum yana ƙara wa innabi da lemun tsami ƙarfi, tare da furanni masu haske da kuma ƙashin baya mai laushi na resin. Hawan busasshe a lokacin fermentation sau da yawa yana nuna ƙarin sarkakiyar 'ya'yan itace da kuma yanayi mai daɗi.

Kusa da mazubin Ahtanum hop da aka lulluɓe da raɓa tare da resin lupulin da ake iya gani, suna kwance kusa da wani akwati na katako na ƙauye a cikin filin hop mai rana.
Danna ko danna hoton don ƙarin bayani da kuma ƙuduri mafi girma.

Salon Giya Na Yau Da Kullum Da Yake Nuna Ahtanum

Ana amfani da hops na Ahtanum a cikin giyar sana'a, ana neman su ne saboda ƙamshinsu mai tsabta, mai kama da citrus da kuma ɗanɗanon pine mai laushi. Ana zaɓar su ne don ƙara furanni ba tare da malt ko yisti mai ƙarfi ba. Ana fifita ƙarawa a ƙarshen lokaci da busasshen tsalle don kiyaye mai mai canzawa na hop.

A ƙasa, za mu bincika mafi yawan amfani da hops na Ahtanum da tasirinsu ga kowane salon giya.

• Ale mai launin shuɗi da IPA na Amurka A cikin ale mai launin shuɗi da IPA mai haske, Ahtanum ya yi fice. Yana ƙara ɗanɗanon citrus mai haske, furanni masu haske, da ɗanɗanon resinous a kan tushen malt mai launin shuɗi. Sau da yawa ana amfani da shi maimakon ko a haɗa shi da Cascade da Centennial don gabatar da ɗanɗanon citrus mai laushi da ganye. Ƙananan IPA na Ahtanum suna nufin samun ƙamshi mai ban sha'awa wanda ke jan hankali amma yana da daidaito.
• Bambance-bambancen nau'i biyu da na zaman a cikin IPAs biyu, Ahtanum yana ƙara sarkakiyar ƙamshi tare da nau'ikan alpha masu girma. Ga IPAs na zaman, yana ƙara ƙamshi ba tare da ƙara barasa ko ɗaci ba, yana daidaita sauƙin shan giya da halayen hop.
• Lagers da lighter alesAhtanum lagers ba su da yawa amma suna da tasiri idan aka yi amfani da su da tauri. Idan aka ƙara su a ƙarshen fermentation ko kuma a matsayin ɗan gajeren busasshen hop, suna gabatar da ɗan ƙaramin citrus-herbal lift. Wannan yana ƙara crisp lager malt, yana sa lagers na musamman, golden ales, da saisons su zama masu ban sha'awa.
• Salo na gwaji da na haɗaka. Masu yin giya na zamani suna amfani da Ahtanum a cikin saisons, ales na gona, da kuma giyar da aka haɗa don samun sabbin kayan ganye. Matsakaicin acid ɗinsa da ƙamshi mai daɗi sun sa ya zama mai amfani ga jadawalin hop mai ƙirƙira.

Lokacin da ake yin girke-girke, yi la'akari da yadda Ahtanum zai daidaita malt, yisti, da sauran hops. Ga Ahtanum IPAs, yi ƙoƙarin samun ƙamshi mai ƙarfi tare da ɗaci mai matsakaici. A cikin Ahtanum lagers, yi ƙoƙari don yin wayo da ƙari na ƙarshe don kiyaye halin hop mai laushi.

Haɗa Hop da Iri Masu Kyau

Halin Ahtanum mai laushi na furannin citrus ya cika hops na Amurka na zamani da yawa. Yana ƙara haske mai kyau, yayin da sauran hops suna ba da kashin baya, ɗaci, ko zurfin resin. Ga ra'ayoyin haɗuwa masu amfani da kuma hanya mai sauƙi don gina haɗin da ya dace.

• Hops ɗin da aka saba amfani da su: Amarillo, Simcoe, Chinook, Centennial, Cascade. Waɗannan hops ɗin galibi suna bayyana tare a cikin girke-girke na kasuwanci da bayanai masu ban sha'awa.
• Don ɗaga furanni da citrus, a dogara da Cascade, Centennial, ko Amarillo don ƙara wa Ahtanum dandanon innabi da lemu.
• Idan kana son resin ko pine, sai ka ƙara Simcoe ko Chinook don ya zama ƙashin baya mai ƙarfi da kuma gefen da ba ya rufe Ahtanum.

Lokacin zabar hops don haɗawa da Ahtanum, yi la'akari da rawar da suke takawa: ɗaci, tafasa a tsakiyar/ruwa, da kuma ƙarewa. Hops mai tsabta, mai yawan alpha zai iya jure ɗaci da wuri, yayin da Ahtanum ya yi fice a ƙarshen kettle da kuma a cikin busasshen hop.

• Fara da hop mai tsaka-tsaki, mai yawan ɗaci don ƙarin da wuri.
• Yi amfani da Ahtanum tare da abokin hulɗa na citrus ko resin a cikin wurin whirlpool ko hop stand don dandano mai laushi.
• Kammala da busasshen hop na Ahtanum-forward don kiyaye ƙamshi mai haske da sabo.

Tsarin jadawalin hop-multi-hop Ahtanum yana bin tsari mai sauƙi. A ajiye ƙarin hop na ƙarshe da kuma busassun hop a kan mahaɗan ƙamshi. A rage yawan lokacin amfani da samfuran lupulin ko Cryo don guje wa ƙarewar resin mai yawa.

• Ɗaci: Minti 60-90 - yi amfani da Centennial ko Chinook don ɗaci mai tsabta.
• Ɗanɗano/ruwa: Minti 10-30 - a haɗa Ahtanum da Amarillo ko Cascade.
• Bushe hop: Kwanaki 3-7 — Ahtanum ya mamaye, tare da ƙaramin ƙari na Simcoe idan kuna son ɗaga pine/dank.

Don ƙara girman girke-girke, a lura da yawan amfani da hop da yawan mai. Jadawalin hop-Multi-hop Ahtanum ya kamata ya yi nufin daidaita: kiyaye lemu mai laushi na hop yayin da yake ba da damar tallafawa hop don ba da gudummawa ga tsari da rikitarwa.

Madadin Ahtanum Hops

Hops na Ahtanum suna kawo gaurayen citrus, fure, da kuma itacen pine mai laushi ga giya. Masu yin giya galibi suna fuskantar ƙalubalen neman madadin da ya dace. Suna buƙatar jagora bayyananne kan waɗanne hops za su yi amfani da su da kuma yadda za su daidaita girke-girke don kiyaye daidaito. A ƙasa, mun bayyana zaɓuɓɓuka masu amfani da ƙa'idodi masu sauƙi don kiyaye ƙamshi da ɗacin giya.

Mafi kusa maye gurbin

Nau'o'in da dama da aka fi sani sun yi daidai da yanayin Ahtanum. Centennial da Cascade su ne manyan zaɓuɓɓuka ga masu yin giya waɗanda ke neman irin wannan ƙwarewar. Amarillo yana ƙara irin waɗannan 'ya'yan itatuwa na citrus da 'ya'yan itace don samun ɗanɗanon citrus mai haske. Willamette yana ba da ƙanshin fure mai laushi da na ƙasa, wanda ya dace da giyar da aka mai da hankali kan malt.

• Centennial - citric, fure; ƙanshin da ke kusa da shi kuma yana da kyau don ƙarawa a ƙarshen lokaci da busasshen hop.
• Cascade — innabi da fure; yana aiki sosai a cikin launin rawaya da IPAs a madadin Ahtanum.
• Amarillo - 'ya'yan itacen lemu da na wurare masu zafi; yana da amfani idan ana buƙatar madadin Ahtanum mai 'ya'yan itace.
• Willamette - fure mai laushi da ƙasa; ya dace da giya mai zaman kanta wanda ke buƙatar ɗanɗano mai daɗi.

Daidaita girke-girke lokacin maye gurbinsu

Lokacin maye gurbin, mayar da hankali kan yadda kake amfani da hop maimakon alpha acid kawai. Yi amfani da madadin kamar yadda Ahtanum ke yi don ƙarin lokaci ko tsalle-tsalle a busasshe don kiyaye ƙamshi. Don ɗaci, sake lissafin ƙarin da wuri bisa ga alpha acid na madadin don cimma burin IBUs ɗinku.

Ka yi la'akari da matakan mai da abun da ke ciki. Man 'ya'yan itacen Amarillo na iya buƙatar ƙarancin nauyi fiye da hops mai yawan bittering. Lokacin da kake musanya hops na Ahtanum da nau'ikan lupulin ko Cryo, rage adadin pellet da kusan rabi ko kuma bi umarnin masana'anta na allurar.

• Yi amfani da ƙarin kayan ƙanshi na ƙarshe da kuma busasshen tsalle don daidaita ƙamshi.
• Sake ƙididdige IBUs don ƙarin tafasa ta amfani da alpha acid na madadin.
• Rage girman ƙwayoyin cuta yayin da ake motsa su daga ƙwayoyin cuta zuwa lupulin ko Cryo concentrates.

Yi la'akari da rukunin gwaji idan zai yiwu. Tsarin da aka auna yana tabbatar da ainihin halayen giya yayin da ake bincika yadda kowanne madadin ke shafar bayanin citrus, fure, da kuma bayanin pine.

Tsarin da Sarrafawa: Pellets, Lupulin, da Cryo

Ana samun hops na Ahtanum a cikin nau'ikan da aka sarrafa daban-daban, kowannensu yana shafar dabarun yin giya. Zaɓin tsari yana shafar sarrafawa, adanawa, cirewa, da ƙamshi. Ƙananan gyare-gyare a cikin adadin da lokaci na iya canza ƙarfi da bayanin kayan lambu na giyar sosai.

Masu yin giya galibi suna zaɓar tsakanin pellet ɗin Ahtanum da hops ɗin gaba ɗaya bisa ga girma da fifikon kansu. Pellets suna ba da isasshen allurai da sauƙin adanawa, wanda hakan ya sa suka dace da amfani na kasuwanci. Hops ɗin gaba ɗaya, a gefe guda, suna ba da bayanin cirewa na musamman, wanda wasu suka fi so don cask ko ƙananan ales.

Amfani da Ahtanum full-cone yana haifar da ƙarin kayan lambu a cikin kwaro. Yana da mahimmanci a yi la'akari da ƙarin asarar kwaro kuma a kula da hops a hankali don adana mai mai laushi. Kwaro na Ahtanum, tare da niƙa da rarraba su akai-akai, yana sauƙaƙa daidaiton kwaro-da-wane.

Tsarin lupulin na Ahtanum da kuma tsarin da aka tattara suna canza buƙatun allurai. Foda na Lupulin yana ware resins da mai, yana ƙara ƙamshi tare da ƙarancin kayan lambu. Ana ba da shawarar amfani da kusan rabin nauyin lupulin idan aka kwatanta da pellets don samun ƙarin ƙamshi iri ɗaya.

Kayayyakin Ahtanum Cryo, kamar Cryo da LupuLN2 daga masu samar da kayayyaki kamar Yakima Chief Hops da BarthHaas, suna tattara alpha acid da mai. Waɗannan samfuran suna inganta ingancin ƙamshi a cikin ƙarar whirlpool da dry-hop. Lokacin maye gurbin Ahtanum Cryo da pellets, rage nauyi don guje wa ƙamshin hop mai ɗaci ko mai ƙarfi.

• Ajiya: A rufe ƙwayoyin ko Cryo a cikin injin tsotsar ruwa sannan a daskare su domin riƙe ƙamshin ƙwayoyin Ahtanum da kuma rage yawan Hop Storage Index.
• Inganci: yi amfani da kimanin nauyin kashi 50% na Ahtanum lupulin ko Ahtanum Cryo idan aka kwatanta da ƙwayoyin don samun sakamako mai kama da ƙamshi.
• Tsarin aiki: ana tsammanin ƙarancin jan kayan lambu da kuma fitar da ƙamshi cikin sauri tare da lupulin da Cryo a lokacin da ake yin whirlpool da dry-hop.

Daidaita girke-girke lokacin canza tsari. Canza ƙwayoyin zuwa lupulin ko Cryo ta hanyar rage nauyi, sa ido kan IBUs lokacin amfani da Cryo concentrates, da kuma tsara sarrafa ƙugiya don ƙwayoyin mazugi gaba ɗaya. Ƙananan ƙwayoyin gwaji suna taimakawa wajen daidaita daidaiton ƙwayoyin Ahtanum, Ahtanum whole-cone, Ahtanum Cryo, ko Ahtanum lupulin.

Noma da Halayen Girma

Hop na Ahtanum yana bunƙasa a wurare masu sanyin dare da ranakun dumi. Yankin Arewa maso Yammacin Tekun Pacific, musamman kwarin Yakima da ke Washington, yana samar da ƙasa da yanayi mai kyau. Masu noman suna da burin girbin konewar da suka girma daga tsakiyar zuwa ƙarshen watan Agusta.

Kula da ban ruwa da kuma pH na ƙasa yana da matuƙar muhimmanci ga ingancin mazugi. Ahtanum yana bunƙasa a cikin loam mai tsafta tare da isasshen haihuwa. Tsarin trellis yana tallafawa ci gaban bines mai ƙarfi. An tsara yin ban ruwa don hana damuwa yayin haɓakar mazugi.

Yawan shuka da hanyoyin horarwa suna shafar aikin girbi da inganci. Ƙananan gonaki suna buƙatar ingantaccen tsari na trellis da kuma yankewa akan lokaci. Masu kula da amfanin gona suna lura da ƙarfin inabi don tabbatar da cewa ƙamshi ya yi daidai.

• Adadin amfanin gona na yau da kullun: manoma sun ba da rahoton kimanin kilogiram 800-1,000 a kowace eka, wanda ke nuna ingantaccen amfanin gona na Ahtanum a ƙarƙashin kyakkyawan kulawa.
• Lokacin shuka: lokacin fure a bazara, lokacin fure a tsakiyar watan Agusta.

Kula da cututtuka yana da matuƙar muhimmanci a fannin noma na Ahtanum. Iri-iri yana nuna juriya ga mildew mai sauƙi, yana rage asara a lokacin damina. Haɗakar kula da kwari da kuma bincike suna da mahimmanci don kare amfanin gona da kuma bayanan mai.

Shirye-shiryen haihuwa suna mai da hankali kan daidaiton nitrogen da potassium don haɓaka mazugi da samuwar mai mai mahimmanci. Masu ba da shawara kan amfanin gona suna gwada nama da ƙasa don daidaita abubuwan da ake samarwa da kuma kare mahaɗan ƙamshi.

Yanayin kasuwa yana tasiri ga yanke shawara kan shuka. Bukatar masana'antar giya ta hannu ta ƙaru tsakanin 2014 da 2019. Manoman suna la'akari da alamun kasuwa da juriya ga mildew lokacin zabar yankin gona don Ahtanum.

Amfani da Kasuwanci da Giya Mai Kyau Ta Amfani da Ahtanum

Hops ɗin Ahtanum sun zama ruwan dare a cikin ɗakunan giya da kuma wuraren samarwa. Ƙwayoyin citrus da furanni masu haske sun sa suka zama abin sha'awa ga masu yin giya. Ana amfani da su a cikin nau'ikan giya iri-iri, tun daga ƙananan gwaje-gwaje zuwa fitowar yanayi.

Kamfanin giya na Thornbridge ya nuna fasahar Ahtanum a cikin Quiet Storm Ahtanum da Jaipur. Kamfanin Hop Kettle's Lode Star Golden Ale ya nuna launin innabi, lychee, pine, da blackcurrant, duk an danganta su da Ahtanum. Yawancin masu yin giya na yanki suna amfani da shi a cikin IPAs, pale ales, golden ales, da kuma jerin musamman don ƙara ƙamshi ba tare da ɗaci mai yawa ba.

Masu yin giya na kasuwanci suna amfani da Ahtanum ta hanyoyi daban-daban, ya danganta da girmansu da burinsu. Ana ƙara shi a lokacin tafasa, tafasa, da kuma lokacin busasshen hop don jaddada yanayin citrus da furanni. Manyan kamfanonin yin giya na iya haɗa shi da wasu hops kamar Cascade, Centennial, Amarillo, Simcoe, ko Chinook don ƙara rikitarwa yayin da suke sarrafa ɗaci.

• Ƙananan masana'antun giya na Ahtanum da na yanki galibi suna nuna sha'awar giya kaɗai a cikin fitowar nau'ikan giya iri ɗaya.
• Masu yin giya masu matsakaicin girma suna amfani da shi a matsayin wani ɓangare na jadawalin hop mai layi don daidaita ƙamshi.
• Wasu yanayi na amfani da giya a kasuwanci sun sanya Ahtanum a cikin fakitin gauraye don sarrafa wadata da daidaiton giya a duk shekara.

Giya mai Ahtanum har yanzu tana da shahara saboda kyawun furanni da citrus, tana guje wa danshi mai ƙarfi. Matsayin hop a cikin yin giyar kasuwanci yana mai da hankali kan ƙamshi, wanda hakan ya sa ya dace da tsarin gwaji da manyan abubuwan da ke yin fermenting.

Ahtanum hops

Ahtanum zaɓi ne mai aminci ga masu yin giya da manoma, godiya ga aikinta na kasuwa da kuma dacewa da yanayinta. Ga taƙaitaccen bayani game da bayanan da aka samu kwanan nan da kuma dalilan da yasa masu yin giya ke zaɓarsa don girke-girkensu.

Ƙididdiga da yanayin da aka dogara da bayanai

Shekarar 2019, Ahtanum ita ce ta 26 mafi yawan amfanin gona a Amurka. Ta ga karuwar amfanin gona ta biyu mafi girma a tsakanin nau'ikan da aka kafa daga 2014 zuwa 2019. Waɗannan ƙididdiga sun nuna yadda manoma ke karɓar amfanin gona akai-akai da kuma wadatar da suke samu.

Binciken haɗin kai ya nuna cewa ana amfani da Ahtanum tare da Amarillo, Simcoe, Chinook, Centennial, da Cascade a cikin giyar da aka fi so. Bin diddigin waɗannan yanayin yana taimaka wa masu haɓaka girke-girke su gano haɗin da aka saba da shi da kuma haɗin dandano mai tasowa.

• Matsayin samarwa: na 26 a Amurka (2019).
• Girman amfanin gona: ƙaruwa ta biyu mafi girma tsakanin nau'ikan da ba sababbi ba (2014–2019).
• Abokan hulɗa na gama gari: Amarillo, Simcoe, Chinook, Centennial, Cascade.

Dalilin da yasa masu yin giya ke zaɓar Ahtanum

Masu yin giya suna daraja Ahtanum saboda ƙamshin furanni masu haske na citrus da furanni, wanda aka ƙara masa laushin pine da ƙamshi mai laushi. Ƙarfin ƙamshinsa ya dace da ƙarawa a baya da kuma tsalle-tsalle a busasshe, yana ƙara ɗanɗano ba tare da ɗaci mai tsanani ba.

Matsakaicin sinadarin alpha acid da ƙarancin rabon cohumulone—kimanin kashi 30–35%—suna haifar da ɗanɗano mai laushi idan aka yi amfani da shi a farkon tafasa. Wannan daidaito shine dalilin da ya sa masu yin giya ke zaɓar Ahtanum saboda ƙamshinsa da kuma ɗacinsa.

Sauƙin tsari yana tallafawa ayyuka daban-daban. Masu yin giya na iya amfani da pellets, whole-cone, lupulin, ko Cryo don daidaita ƙarfin ƙamshi. Lupulin da Cryo suna ba da ƙamshi mai ƙarfi a ƙananan allurai, wanda yake da mahimmanci don haɓaka girke-girke da sarrafa farashi.

• Bayanin azanci: lemun tsami, innabi, fure, itacen pine mai laushi, tallafin ƙasa.
• Bayanin ɗaci: matsakaicin alpha acid tare da ɗanɗanon da ake gani mai laushi.
• Tsarin: ƙwayoyin magani, cikakken mazugi, lupulin, Cryo don zaɓuɓɓukan allurai.
• Noma: juriya ga cututtuka da kuma ingantaccen sakamako yana taimakawa wajen samar da daidaito.

Haɗakar ƙididdiga da yanayin Ahtanum ya bayyana dalilin da yasa masu yin giya ke zaɓar sa. Yana ba da damar yin amfani da shi da kuma ɗanɗano mai daɗi, wanda hakan ya sa ya zama zaɓi mai aminci ga masu yin giya waɗanda ke neman hops mai inganci.

Kammalawa

Takaitaccen Bayani: Wannan hop na Amurka daga Yakima Chief Ranches an san shi da bayanin furanninsa masu haske da na fure. Hakanan yana da kashin bayan itacen Pine mai kama da ƙasa. Tsarin mai na myrcene da matsakaicin nau'in alpha sun sa ya dace don ƙara kettle a ƙarshen lokaci da tsalle-tsalle. Wannan yana ba da damar ƙanshin ya haskaka ba tare da ɗaci mai tsanani ba.

Masu yin giya suna zaɓar Ahtanum don ƙara lemun tsami da innabi mai haske a cikin giyarsu. Yana haɗuwa sosai da Cascade, Centennial, Amarillo, Simcoe, ko Chinook. Don adana kusan 1.1 mL/100g na mai da HSI mai kyau, yi amfani da wuraren adana sabo da aka adana a sanyi. Yi la'akari da tsarin pellet, lupulin, ko Cryo don daidaita ƙarfi da amfani da hop.

Yin giya da Ahtanum abu ne mai amfani, ya dace da launin pale ales, American IPAs, da kuma wasu nau'ikan lagers. Yana ba da damar yin amfani da shi da kuma bayyana ƙamshi. Lokacin ƙirƙirar girke-girke, daidaita sa hannun citrus-pine tare da ƙarin hops. Shirya ƙarin don cire ƙamshi na farko don cimma mafi kyawun sakamako na ji.

Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi akai-akai

Menene Ahtanum kuma wa ya haɓaka ta?

Ahtanum wani nau'in hop ne na Amurka, wanda Yakima Chief Ranches (YCR) ta fitar a shekarar 1997. Ana tallata shi a ƙarƙashin lambar ƙasa da ƙasa ta AHT da nau'in ID YCR 1 CV. An haɓaka shi a kwarin Yakima, an sanya masa suna bayan Ahtanum Creek kusa da Yakima, Washington.

Menene babban ƙamshi da ɗanɗanon Ahtanum?

An san Ahtanum da siffarta ta citrus-for, tare da bayanin lemun tsami da innabi mai haske. Hakanan yana da furanni masu haske da kuma ƙashin bayan itacen Pine ko resinous mai laushi. Masu yin giya galibi suna ba da rahoton alamun ƙasa, cedar, ganye, lychee, da blackcurrant a cikin amfani da shi.

Yaya Ahtanum ke aiki a cikin giyar da aka gama?

Idan aka yi amfani da shi azaman ƙarin ruwan 'ya'yan itace mai tafasa a ƙarshen lokaci, ko kuma don yin hops mai bushewa, Ahtanum yana ƙara ɗanɗanon citrus da furanni masu haske. Hakanan yana ba da gudummawa ga zurfin resinous. Yana haskakawa a cikin launin rawaya da IPAs. Idan aka yi amfani da shi kaɗan, yana iya ƙara tsatsa mai tsabta na citrus-herbaceous zuwa lagers da salon haske.

Menene nau'ikan alpha da beta acid na yau da kullun ga Ahtanum?

Alpha acids na Ahtanum sun kai kimanin kashi 3.5–6.5%, tare da matsakaicin kusan kashi 5–6%. Beta acid yawanci yana kai kusan kashi 4–6.5%, tare da matsakaicin kusan kashi 5.3%. Waɗannan matsakaicin ƙima sun sa ya zama babban abin sha'awa maimakon abin sha'awa.

Ta yaya co-humulone ke shafar ɗacin Ahtanum?

Ana samun rahoton Cohumulone a cikin Ahtanum kusan kashi 30-35% na jimlar alpha acid, kimanin matsakaicin kashi 32.5%. Wannan matakin yana haifar da ɗaci mai laushi idan aka kwatanta da nau'ikan da ke ɗauke da cohumulone lokacin da aka yi amfani da Ahtanum a cikin ƙarin tafasa na farko.

Menene sinadarin mai kuma ta yaya yake haifar da ƙamshi?

Jimlar man da ke cikinsa ya kai matsakaicin kusan 1.1 mL/100g. Myrcene yana da rinjaye (~45–55%), yana samar da yanayin citrus da 'ya'yan itace. Humulene (~15–22%) yana ba da bayanin kula mai kauri da yaji. Caryophyllene (~9–12%) yana ƙara launuka masu ɗanɗano kamar barkono/na ganye. Farnesene da sauran terpenes suna ba da haske game da kore da fure.

Ta yaya ya kamata a adana Ahtanum don adana ƙamshi mafi kyau?

An ruwaito cewa Ahtanum's Hop Storage Index (HSI) yana da kimanin 0.70. Wannan yana nufin yana asarar mai mai ƙamshi da sauri a zafin ɗaki. A adana shi a sanyi, ko a injin daskarewa ko kuma a rage iskar oxygen, sannan a yi amfani da hops na shekara-shekara don adana mai mai canzawa don amfani da shi a lokacin tafasa da bushewa.

Ya kamata in yi amfani da Ahtanum don daci da wuri?

Saboda ƙarancin sinadarin alpha acid da kuma man da ake so, Ahtanum ya fi dacewa a ƙara shi a lokacin tafasa, ko kuma a ƙara shi a lokacin da aka dafa shi ...

Ta yaya dabarun yin amfani da na'urar juyawa da tsalle-tsalle ke shafar Ahtanum?

Ƙara man shafawa ko kuma hop-stand a yanayin zafi mai zafi (kimanin 160-180°F) na tsawon mintuna 10-30+ yana riƙe da ƙarin mai mai mahimmanci. Wannan hanyar tana cire lemun tsami, fure, da kuma pine notes ba tare da haifar da ɗaci mai tsanani ba. Don samun siffofi masu yawa, rage yawan da ya dace.

Menene shawarar lokacin bushewa da tsawon lokacin hulɗa?

Ahtanum ta yi fice a aikace-aikacen busasshen hop. Hanyoyin da aka saba amfani da su sun haɗa da ƙarawa yayin fermentation mai aiki don canza bio ko bayan fermentation na tsawon kwanaki 2-7. Ga giya mai hop-forward, kwana 3-5 sau da yawa ya isa; tsawon lokacin hulɗa har zuwa kwanaki 7-10 na iya ƙara yawan fitar da shi amma yana iya haifar da rashin ciyawa.

Ta yaya siffofin lupulin da Cryo ke canza yawan magani da halayensa?

Foda Lupulin da Cryo concentrates resins da mai. Gabaɗaya suna buƙatar kusan rabin nauyin pellet don samun irin wannan ƙarfin ƙanshi. Suna rage abubuwan shuka da haɓaka ingancin ƙamshi a cikin amfani da whirlpool da dry-hop, don haka a daidaita yawan shan su ƙasa.

Waɗanne nau'ikan giya ne suka fi nuna Ahtanum?

Ahtanum ya fi yawa a cikin pale ales na Amurka, IPAs, da kuma IPAs biyu saboda siffar citrus/floweral/pine. Haka kuma ana iya amfani da shi kaɗan a cikin lagers, saisons, da golden ales don ƙara haɓakar citrus-herbal ba tare da wuce gona da iri ga haruffan malt masu laushi ba.

Waɗanne hops ne suka dace da Ahtanum?

Ahtanum yana haɗuwa sosai da Amarillo, Simcoe, Chinook, Centennial, da Cascade. Yi amfani da waɗannan don gina jadawalin da aka tsara: nau'ikan alpha masu yawa don ɗanɗano da wuri, Ahtanum a cikin whirlpool/stand don ɗanɗano, da kuma hops bushe na Ahtanum don kammala manyan abubuwan.

Mene ne kyawawan hops na maye gurbin Ahtanum?

Madadin da ke da alaƙa da juna sun haɗa da Centennial, Cascade, Amarillo, da Willamette. Lokacin maye gurbin, daidaita salon amfani (ƙarin ƙarshe/dry hop) maimakon alpha kaɗai. Daidaita ƙarin da ke da ɗaci ga maƙasudin IBU da tsarin da aka tattara idan ana amfani da Cryo ko lupulin.

Shin Ahtanum yana samuwa a cikin nau'i daban-daban da kuma daga masu samar da kayayyaki da yawa?

Eh. Yakima Chief Ranches ne ke da Ahtanum, wanda ake sayar da shi a ko'ina a matsayin cikakken mazugi da kuma pellets, tare da lupulin da Cryo concentrates. Masu samar da kayayyaki kamar Yakima Chief Hops, Hopsteiner, da BarthHaas suna bayar da shi. Samuwa, shekarar girbi, da farashi sun bambanta dangane da dillalai.

Ina ake noma Ahtanum kuma menene halayen nomansa?

Ana noma Ahtanum musamman a yankin Arewa maso Yammacin Tekun Pacific, musamman kwarin Yakima, Washington. Yana da juriya ga mildew mai ƙamshi, yana samar da kimanin kilogiram 800-1,000 a kowace eka a tarihi, kuma ana girbe shi yawanci a tsakiyar zuwa ƙarshen watan Agusta don nau'ikan ƙamshi.

Yaya ake amfani da Ahtanum sosai a fannin yin giya da kuma samar da kayayyaki?

Masu yin giya na sana'a suna fifita Ahtanum don ayyukan ƙamshi kuma ba a amfani da shi sosai a manyan masana'antun giya, don haka yawan amfanin gonar ya kasance ƙasa kaɗan. A cikin 2019, ta kasance ta 26 a cikin samar da hop na Amurka kuma ta sami ɗaya daga cikin mafi girman ƙaruwar yawan amfanin gona tsakanin 2014-2019 tsakanin nau'ikan da aka kafa.

Za ku iya ambaton misalan giyar kasuwanci da ke amfani da Ahtanum?

Giya mai kyau da aka ambata a Ahtanum ta ƙunshi giyar Thornbridge's Quiet Storm Ahtanum da giyar daga The Hop Kettle kamar Lode Star Golden Ale. Yawancin kamfanonin giya na yanki suna amfani da Ahtanum a cikin IPAs, pale ales, da kuma lagers na musamman saboda halayen citrus da furanni.

Me yasa masu yin giya ke zaɓar Ahtanum maimakon irin wannan hops?

Masu yin giya suna zaɓar Ahtanum saboda kyawun lemun tsami da innabi, yanayin fure mai kyau, da kuma laushin pine/resin. Matsakaicin cohumulone ɗinsa yana haifar da ɗaci mai laushi idan ana buƙata. Samuwa a cikin nau'ikan pellets, lupulin, da Cryo yana ba da sassauci ga girke-girke masu mai da hankali kan ƙamshi.

Karin Karatu

Idan kuna jin daɗin wannan sakon, kuna iya kuma son waɗannan shawarwari:

• Hops a Biya Brewing: Blue Northern Brewer
• Shaye-shaye a cikin Giya: Hallertauer Gold
• Hops a Biya Brewing: Opal