Umhlahlandlela Ophelele Wokukhulisa Izithelo Zamagilebhisi Kusukela Ekutshalweni Kuya Ekuvunweni

Izihlahla ezintathu zamagilebhisi engadini yezithelo ezibonisa izinhlobo zeRuby Red, Star Ruby, kanye ne-Oro Blanco ezinezithelo eziphelele neziqoshiwe. Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unengadi enkulu noma i-patio enelanga nje, lo mhlahlandlela ophelele uzokuqondisa kukho konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana nokutshala ama-grapefruit ngempumelelo.

Ngokunakekelwa okufanele kanye nezimo ezifanele, umuthi owodwa we-grapefruit ungakhiqiza izithelo eziningi minyaka yonke amashumi eminyaka. Lo mhlahlandlela uhlanganisa ukukhetha uhlobo olufanele isimo sezulu sakho, ukudala izimo zokukhula ezifanele, kanye nokugcina izihlahla ezinempilo ukuze kukhiqizwe izithelo eziningi kakhulu. Ake siqale uhambo lwakho lokutshala lezi zingcebo zegolide ekhaya!

Ukukhetha Uhlobo Olufanele Lwe-Grapefruit

Izinhlobo ezidumile zamagilebhisi: iRuby Red, iStar Ruby, kanye ne-Oro Blanco

Ukukhetha uhlobo olufanele lwe-grapefruit kubalulekile ukuze uphumelele, ikakhulukazi uma ukhula endaweni enesimo sezulu esinzima. Nazi ezinye izinhlobo ezidumile okufanele uzicabangele:

I-Ruby Red

• I-sweet-tart, ukunambitheka okune-asidi ephansi
• Inyama epinki kuya ebomvu
• Isikhumba esiphuzi esinombala obomvu onsundu
• Ukuvuna kukaNovemba kuya kuMeyi
• Kuhle kakhulu ekujuleni

Isihlahla segrapefruit esibomvu iRuby esikhanyiswe yilanga esinamagrapefruit abomvu avuthiwe alenga emagatsheni engadini yezithelo evundile. Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.

Inkanyezi uRuby

• Inyama ebomvu njenge-ruby ejulile
• Imbewu encane kunezinye izinhlobo
• Ukunambitheka okumnandi kakhulu
• Umkhuba wokukhula okuncane
• Kuhle ekukhuliseni izitsha

Isihlahla samagilebhisi iStar Ruby esinezithelo ezivuthiwe ezibomvu-obomvu ezilenga emagatsheni aluhlaza okotshani, kanye namagilebhisi ahlukaniswe phakathi abonisa inyama ebomvu phansi ngaphansi engadini yezithelo enelanga. Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.

U-Oro Blanco

• Inyama emhlophe enokunambitheka okuthambile nokumnandi
• Cishe ayinambewu
• I-pend ebanzi, ephuzi-eluhlaza okotshani
• Akubaba kangako kunezinye izinhlobo
• Kuhle kakhulu ekulimeni izitsha

Isihlahla samagilebhisi i-Oro Blanco esikhanyiswe yilanga esinezithelo eziphuzi ngokuluhlaza okotshani ezilenga phakathi kwamaqabunga acwebezelayo aminyene engadini yezithelo ze-citrus. Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.

Izinketho Eziqinile Ezibandayo

Nakuba izihlahla eziningi zamagilebhisi zikhula kahle ezindaweni ze-USDA 9-11, ezinye izinhlobo zibonisa ukubekezelela okungcono komkhuhlane:

• I-Rio Red - Ingabekezelela ukuchayeka isikhashana emazingeni okushisa acishe abe ngu-28°F
• I-Duncan - Iqinile kancane kunezinye izinhlobo
• I-Marsh - Ibonisa ukubekezelela okuphakathi kokubanda uma isungulwa

Izimo Ezifanele Zokukhula Kwezihlahla Zamagilebhisi

Izidingo Zokukhanya kwelanga

Izihlahla ze-grapefruit zizithanda ilanga ezidinga okungenani amahora angu-6-8 okukhanya kwelanga okuqondile nsuku zonke ukuze kukhiqizwe izithelo ezinhle kakhulu. Ukukhanya kwelanga okwengeziwe kulingana nezithelo ezimnandi nezihlahla eziqinile. Uma ukhetha indawo yokutshala, khetha indawo enelanga kakhulu egcekeni lakho, okungcono kakhulu lapho kutholakala khona ukukhanya eningizimu.

Izimo Zomhlaba

Inhlabathi efanele ibalulekile ukuze kuphumelele i-grapefruit. Lezi zihlahla zithanda:

• Uhlobo lomhlabathi: Ukhipha amanzi kahle, utshani obunesihlabathi
• Izinga le-pH: 6.0-6.5 (ine-asidi encane)
• Ukugeleza kwamanzi: Ukugeleza kwamanzi okuhle kubalulekile ukuvimbela ukubola kwezimpande
• Ukujula: Okungenani inhlabathi enhle engamamitha angu-3-4 ukuze kuthuthukiswe izimpande

Icebiso Elihle: Uma inhlabathi yakho yendabuko ingubumba olunzima, cabanga ngokutshala emibhedeni ephakeme noma ezitsheni ezinkulu ezinengxube yenhlabathi ye-citrus esezingeni eliphezulu. Lokhu kukunikeza ukulawula okungcono kwezimo zenhlabathi kanye nokuphuma kwamanzi.

Izinga Lokushisa Nesimo Sezulu

Izithelo zamagilebhisi ziyizihlahla ezihlala ezindaweni ezishisayo ezikhula kahle ku:

• Izindawo zokuqina ze-USDA 9-11
• Izinga lokushisa elifanele libe phakathi kuka-70-85°F (21-29°C)
• Ukuvikelwa eqhweni (kungonakala ngaphansi kwama-32°F/0°C)
• Izindawo ezinomswakama ophansi (kunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwezifo)

Isihlahla samagilebhisi esinempilo esinezithelo ezivuthiwe ezikhula elangeni eligcwele emhlabathini okhipha amanzi kahle engadini yezithelo Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.

Ukutshala Isihlahla Sakho Sezithelo Zomvini

Indlela efanele yokutshala izihlahla zamagilebhisi

Ukutshala kusuka ezitsheni vs. Imbewu

Nakuba ukukhula kusuka embewini kungenzeka, ukuthenga izithombo ezincane (ezineminyaka engu-2-3 ubudala) kunconywa kakhulu ngezizathu eziningana:

Izithombo ezihlanganisiwe

• Qala ukuthela izithelo eminyakeni eyi-1-3
• Kuyiqiniso ezicini zokuhlukahluka
• Ukumelana nezifo kakhudlwana
• Sekudlule isigaba sokukhula kwezithombo ezisengozini

Izihlahla Ezikhuliswe Ngembewu

• Kungathatha iminyaka engu-7-10 ukuthela izithelo
• Ikhwalithi yezithelo engalindelekile
• Ngokuvamile amandla aphansi
• Kusengozini enkulu yezifo

Isinyathelo Ngesinyathelo Umhlahlandlela Wokutshala

1. Isikhathi: Tshala entwasahlobo noma ekwindla lapho amazinga okushisa esemaphakathi.
2. Isikhala: Vumela amamitha angu-12-15 phakathi kwezihlahla ukuze kujikelezwe umoya ngendlela efanele.
3. Bamba umgodi: Wenze ube ububanzi obuphindwe kabili kunebhola lempande kodwa ungajulile.
4. Lungisa izimpande: Khulula izimpande zangaphandle kancane uma ziboshwe ebhodweni.
5. Beka isihlahla: Sibeke ukuze i-graft union ibe ngamasentimitha angu-4-6 ngaphezu kwenhlabathi.
6. Ukugcwalisa: Sebenzisa inhlabathi yemvelo exutshwe nomquba, uqinise kancane.
7. Nisela kahle: Dala isitsha esizungeze isihlahla bese unisela ngokujulile.
8. I-Mulch: Faka i-mulch engamasentimitha angu-2-3, uyigcine kude nesiqu.

I-collage enezithombe zesinyathelo ngesinyathelo ekhombisa indlela yokutshala isihlahla samagilebhisi, okuhlanganisa izikhala, ukumba umgodi, ukubeka ukujula okufanele, ukugcwalisa inhlabathi, kanye nokunisela nge-mulch. Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.

Ukunakekela Isihlahla Sakho Segilebhisi

Uhlelo lokunisela ngamaconsi olunikeza umswakama oqhubekayo esihlahleni samagilebhisi

Ukunisela Isheduli

Ukunisela kahle kubalulekile ezihlahleni zamagilebhisi, ikakhulukazi eminyakeni embalwa yokuqala yokutshala:

Ukuhlolwa Kweminwe: Hlola umswakama wenhlabathi ngokufaka umunwe wakho amasentimitha angu-2-3 enhlabathini. Uma uzizwa womile kulokho kujula, sekuyisikhathi sokunisela. Nisela ngokujulile njalo kodwa vumela inhlabathi yome kancane phakathi kokunisela.

Uhlelo lokunisela ngamaconsi lunisela isihlahla samagilebhisi phansi, kanye namagilebhisi avuthiwe alenga emagatsheni engadini yezithelo ekhanyiswe yilanga. Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.

Izidingo Zokuvundisa

Izihlahla zamagilebhisi ziyizitshalo ezidla kakhulu ezidinga umanyolo ojwayelekile ukuze zikhule kahle futhi zikhiqize izithelo:

• Uhlobo lomanyolo: Sebenzisa umanyolo olinganiselayo we-citrus (isb., 8-8-8 noma 10-10-10)
• Imvamisa: Faka izikhathi ezingu-3-4 ngonyaka (uFebhuwari, uMeyi, u-Agasti, u-Okthoba)
• Inani: Landela iziqondiso zephakheji ngokusekelwe eminyakeni yesihlahla kanye nosayizi waso
• Ukusetshenziswa: Sakaza umanyolo ngokulinganayo ngaphansi kophahla, ugweme isiqu
• Ama-Micronutrients: Qinisekisa ukuthi umanyolo uqukethe insimbi, i-zinc, kanye ne-manganese

Indlela efanele yokuthena izihlahla zamagilebhisi

Amasu okuthena

Ukuthena kusiza ukugcina isihlahla siphilile, simile kahle, futhi sikhiqiza kahle. Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuthena kusentwasahlobo, ngaphambi nje kokuqala kwesizini yokukhula:

• Susa amagatsha afile noma agulayo: Sika abe ukhuni oluphilile
• Amagatsha angaphakathi amancane: Thuthukisa ukujikeleza komoya nokungena kokukhanya
• Ukuphakama kokulawula: Gcina kumamitha angu-8-12 ukuze kube lula ukuvuna
• Susa ama-suckers: Nquma ukukhula ngaphansi kwe-graft union
• Yenza uphahla lube luhle: Dala isakhiwo esilinganayo nesivulekile

Isithombe semiyalelo esibonisa umuthi we-grapefruit onezicucu zokuthena ezibhalwe ngamagama, okuhlanganisa nokususa izinkuni ezifile, ukunciphisa amagatsha aminyene, nokwenza izicucu ezigobile ngezikere zokuthena. Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.

Ukutshala Izithelo Zamagilebhisi Ezitsheni

Uhlobo lwe-grapefruit oluncane oluchuma kahle engadini yesitsha

Isikhala esincane akusho ukuthi awukwazi ukujabulela ama-grapefruit atshalwe ekhaya. Ukutshala izitsha kulungele izingadi ezincane, ama-patio, noma isimo sezulu esibandayo lapho izihlahla kudingeka zithuthelwe ngaphakathi ukuze zivikeleke ebusika.

Ukukhethwa Kwesitsha

• Usayizi: Qala ngesitsha esingamagaloni angu-15, ukhule ube amagaloni angu-25-30 njengoba isihlahla sikhula
• Izinto: Izimbiza ze-terracotta, zepulasitiki, noma zendwangu zonke zisebenza kahle
• Ukudonsa amanzi: Imigodi eminingi yokudonsa amanzi ibalulekile
• Ukuhamba: Cabanga nge-rolling plant caddy yezitsha ezinkulu

Ingxube Yenhlabathi Yesitsha

Dala ingxube yokupheka ekhipha amanzi kahle futhi ecebile ngezakhamzimba ikakhulukazi yezithelo ze-citrus:

• 1/3 inhlabathi yokubumba esezingeni eliphezulu
• 1/3 i-perlite noma i-pumice (yokukhipha amanzi)
• 1/3 i-coconut coir noma i-peat moss (yokugcina amanzi)
• Engeza inkomishi eyodwa ye-worm castings kanye ne-1/4 inkomishi yomanyolo we-citrus okhipha kancane kancane

Umuthi we-grapefruit onempilo onezithelo eziphuzi ezivuthiwe ezikhula ebhodweni elikhulu le-terracotta egcekeni elikhanyayo elizungezwe ifenisha yangaphandle nezitshalo ezifakwe emabhodweni. Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.

Amathiphu Okunakekelwa Kwesitsha

Ukunisela

• Hlola amazinga omswakama nsuku zonke uma kushisa
• Nisela uma inhlabathi engaphezulu engamasentimitha amabili izwakala yomile
• Qinisekisa ukuthi amanzi aphuma ngokukhululeka emigodini engezansi
• Ungalokothi uvumele isitsha sihlale emanzini amile

Ukuvikelwa Kwasebusika

• Hamba endlini uma amazinga okushisa ehla ngaphansi kuka-32°F
• Beka eduze kwamafasitela abheke eningizimu
• Nciphisa imvamisa yokunisela ebusika
• Sebenzisa izibani zokukhulisa uma ukukhanya kwemvelo kunganele

Okubalulekile: Izihlahla ze-citrus ezikhuliswe esitsheni zoma ngokushesha kakhulu kunezo ezitshalwe emhlabathini. Ngezinyanga zasehlobo ezishisayo, kungadingeka ukuthi unisele nsuku zonke. Hlola njalo umswakama wenhlabathi ngaphambi kokunisela.

Ukulawula Izinambuzane Nezifo

Izinambuzane ezivame ukuhlupha izihlahla zamagilebhisi: ama-aphid, ama-leaf miner, ama-scale, kanye nama-mite

Izinambuzane Ezivamile

I-infographic ekhombisa izinambuzane ezivamile zezihlahla zamagilebhisi njengezinambuzane ezihlala emanzini, i-citrus leafminer, izinambuzane zezithelo, izinambuzane ezinamabala, kanye ne-Asian citrus psyllid ngezindlela zokulawula eziphilayo engadini yezithelo zamagilebhisi. Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.

Izifo Ezivamile

Izifo ezivamile zamagilebhisi: i-citrus canker, i-greening, i-root bol, kanye ne-melanose

Isithombe sendawo esifundisayo esibonisa izifo ezivamile zezihlahla zamagilebhisi, okuhlanganisa i-citrus canker, isifo sokuluhlaza, isikhunta esinomswakama, kanye nokubola kwezimpande, kanye nezimpawu ezibonakalayo ezithelweni, amaqabunga, kanye nezimpande. Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.

Ukuvuna Izithelo Zakho Zamagilebhisi

Amagilebhisi avuthiwe alungele ukuvunwa, abonisa umbala nosayizi ofanele

Isikhathi Sokuvuna

I-Grapefruit ivame ukuvuthwa ezinyangeni eziyi-6-12 ngemva kokuqhakaza, kanti isikhathi sokuvuna esiyinhloko siqala ngasekupheleni kwekwindla kuya entwasahlobo. Ngokungafani nezinye izithelo, ama-grapefruit awaqhubeki nokuvuthwa ngemva kokuwavuna, ngakho-ke isikhathi sibalulekile.

Izimpawu Zokuvuthwa

• Umbala: Isikhumba esiphuzi kuya kophuzi-orenji (ezinye izinhlobo zinombala obomvu)
• Usayizi: Kufinyelelwe usayizi ogcwele wezinhlobonhlobo (ngokuvamile ububanzi obuyi-intshi ezingu-4-6)
• Ukuzwa: Kuthambile kancane uma kucindezelwa kancane
• Isisindo: Izwakala inzima ngobukhulu bayo, okubonisa ukuthi ijusi
• Iphunga: Iphunga elimnandi, elifana ne-citrus ekugcineni kwesiqu

Amaqoqo amagilebhisi avuthiwe alenga egatsheni lesihlahla elinamahlamvu elangeni elifudumele, alungele ukuvunwa. Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.

Indlela Yokuvuna

1. Sebenzisa izikere zokuthena ezihlanzekile nezibukhali noma izikele
2. Sika isiqu cishe nge-1/4 intshi ngaphezu kwesithelo
3. Gwema ukudonsa noma ukusonta, okungalimaza umuthi
4. Phatha izithelo ngobumnene ukuze ugweme ukubhajwa
5. Vuna ekuseni lapho amazinga okushisa epholile

Inzuzo Elindelekile

Umuthi we-grapefruit ovuthiwe (oneminyaka engaphezu kwemi-5) ungakhiqiza:

• Izihlahla ezifakwe emhlabathini: izithelo ezingu-20-40 ngesizini ngayinye
• Izihlahla ezikhuliswe esitsheni: izithelo ezi-5-15 ngesizini ngayinye
• Ukukhiqizwa kuyanda ngokuguga kwezihlahla nokunakekelwa okufanele

Ama-grapefruit agcinwe kahle ahlelwe emabhokisini ezinkuni ane-burlap lining endaweni epholile nehlelekile yokugcina ukudla. Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.

Isitoreji Amathiphu

• Izinga lokushisa legumbi: amasonto angu-1-2 endaweni epholile, eyomile
• Isiqandisi: Amasonto ama-2-3 edroweni elicwebezelayo
• Esihlahleni: Izinhlobo eziningi zingalenga esihlahleni izinyanga ngaphandle kokuwohloka

Ukuxazulula Izinkinga Ezivamile

Umhlahlandlela obonakalayo wokuhlonza nokuxazulula izinkinga ezivamile zesihlahla samagilebhisi

Kungani amaqabunga esihlahla sami samagilebhisi ephenduka abe phuzi?

Izimbangela ezingenzeka:

• Ukuntuleka kwezakhamzimba: Ukuphuzi phakathi kwemithambo kuvame ukukhombisa ukuntuleka kwensimbi noma i-zinc. Faka i-spray ye-citrus micronutrient.
• Ukunisela ngokweqile: Amaqabunga aphuzi aneziqongo ezinsundu angabonisa izinkinga zezimpande ezibangelwa umswakama owedlulele. Nciphisa ukunisela kaningi futhi uthuthukise ukuphuma kwamanzi.
• Ukunisela ngaphansi kwamanzi: Kushiya umphuzi bese kuwela phansi uma umuthi ucindezelwe yisomiso. Khulisa ukunisela njalo.
• Ukuhlasela kwezinambuzane: Hlola izinhlangothi ezingaphansi zamaqabunga ukuze ubone ukuthi azinazo yini izinambuzane. Phatha ngezindlela ezifanele uma kukhona izinambuzane.

Kungani umuthi wami uqhakaza kodwa ungakhiqizi izithelo?

Izimbangela ezingenzeka:

• Isihlahla esincane: Izihlahla ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-3-5 ubudala zingaqhakaza kodwa ziwise izithelo njengoba zigxile ekukhuleni.
• Izinkinga zokuthuthwa kwempova: Ukuntuleka kwezitshalo ezithuthwayo noma isimo sezulu esibi kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwezimbali kungathinta ukuvela kwezithelo.
• Ukungalingani kwezakhamzimba: I-nitrogen eningi ikhuthaza ukukhula kwamaqabunga ngezindleko zezithelo. Sebenzisa umanyolo olinganiselayo.
• Ukucindezeleka kwemvelo: Izinga lokushisa eliphakeme noma isomiso kungabangela ukwehla kwezithelo. Gcina ukunakekelwa njalo.

Kungani amagilebhisi ami ehlukana ngaphambi kokuba avuthwe?

Izimbangela ezingenzeka:

• Ukunisela okungajwayelekile: Ukuguquguquka komswakama wenhlabathi kubangela ukuthi izithelo zande futhi zinciphe, okuholela ekuqhekekeni. Gcina ukunisela njalo.
• Imvula enkulu ngemva kwesomiso: Ukumuncwa kwamanzi ngokuzumayo kungabangela ukuhlukana. Sebenzisa i-mulch ukuze umswakama wenhlabathi ube sezingeni elifanele.
• Ukungalingani kwezakhamzimba: Ukuntuleka kwe-calcium kungenza isikhumba sezithelo sibe buthakathaka. Faka umanyolo we-citrus olinganiselayo.
• Umonakalo wezinambuzane: Ezinye izinambuzane zingalimaza uqweqwe, zidale izindawo zokungena zokuqhekeka. Qapha futhi welaphe izinambuzane.

Kungani isihlahla sami esikhule esitsheni siwisa amaqabunga ebusika?

Izimbangela ezingenzeka:

• Ukujwayela okuvamile: Ukuwa kwamaqabunga athile kuvamile uma kuthuthwa endlini. Isihlahla sijwayela ukukhanya okuphansi.
• Ukushaqeka kwezinga lokushisa: Ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa okungazelelwe kungabangela ukuwa kwamaqabunga. Ukushintsha kancane kancane lapho kuthuthwa izihlahla.
• Umswakama ophansi: Ukushisa endlini kudala umoya owomile. Sebenzisa i-humidifier noma ithreyi yamatshe ukuze wandise umswakama.
• Ukunisela ngokweqile: Izihlahla zasendlini zidinga amanzi amancane. Vumela inhlabathi ukuthi yome kakhulu phakathi kokunisela ebusika.

I-infographic ekhombisa izinkinga ezivamile zesihlahla samagilebhisi njenge-citrus canker, isifo sokuluhlaza, isikhunta esinomswakama, ukuntuleka kwezakhamzimba, ukubola kwezimpande, ukuwa kwezithelo, kanye nezimpande eziqinile, enezithombe nezixazululo zazo zonke. Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.

Isiphetho: Ukujabulela Izithelo Zakho Ezitshalwe Ekhaya

Umvuzo omnandi wokutshala amagilebhisi akho

Ukutshala izihlahla zakho zamagilebhisi kudinga isineke nokunaka imininingwane, kodwa imivuzo iwufanele umzamo. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, izihlahla zakho zinganikeza izithelo ezimnandi nezinomsoco amashumi eminyaka ezayo. Khumbula ukuthi isizini ngayinye yokulima iletha amathuba amasha okufunda, futhi ngisho nabalimi abanolwazi bayaqhubeka nokuthuthukisa amasu abo.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukhula emhlabathini noma ezitsheni, isihluthulelo sempumelelo sisekuhlinzekeni ngezimo ezifanele: ukukhanya kwelanga okuningi, inhlabathi ekhipha amanzi kahle, ukuchelela njalo, kanye nokondla njalo. Ngokulandela iziqondiso ezikulo mhlahlandlela ophelele, uzobe usendleleni eya ekuvuneni amagilebhisi akho anamanzi futhi anambithekayo.

Ama-grapefruit asanda kuvunwa anejusi le-grapefruit elipinki kanye nesaladi yezithelo enemibala ekhonjiswe etafuleni lokhuni ngaphandle. Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.

Ukufunda Okuqhubekayo

Uma ukujabulele lokhu okuthunyelwe, ungaphinda uthande lezi ziphakamiso:

• Izinhlobo Ezinhle Kakhulu Zotamatisi Ongakhula Engadini Yakho
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