Isithombe: Ukuqhathaniswa kwezinhlobo ezimbili zemvubelo

Lesi sithombe sithwebula isikhashana sokuhlola okugxilile ngaphakathi kwelabhorethri yesimanje yokuvutshelwa, lapho okucashile okucashile kokuziphatha kwemvubelo kubukwa futhi kuqhathaniswe ngokucophelela. Enkabeni yento ebhaliwe kukhona amabhekha engilazi amabili abonisa ngale, ngalinye ligcwele uketshezi olusagolide, olucwebezelayo olukhanya ngaphansi kokukhanya okuthambile, kwemvelo. Lolu ketshezi lubonakala luyabila—amabhamuza amahle akhuphuka kancane kancane esuka phansi kubhekha ngamunye, akhe izimbotshana zegwebu ezintekenteke phezulu. Lawa mabhamuza awawona nje ubuhle; ziwumoya obonakalayo wamangqamuzana emvubelo agaya ushukela abe yi-alcohol kanye ne-carbon dioxide, inqubo edala futhi ecebile ngokwesayensi.

Amabhekha amakwe ngemigqa yokulinganisa enembile, efika kumamililitha angu-400, okuphakamisa ukuthi lokhu akukhona ukusetha okuvamile kodwa ukuhlola okulawulwayo. Ibhika elingakwesokunxele liqukethe uketshezi oluthe xaxa kanye nongqimba lwegwebu olujiyile kunalolo olungakwesokudla, olubonisa umehluko we-yeast strain, kinetics yokuvutshelwa, noma ukwakheka kwezakhi. Lokhu kuqhathanisa okucashile okubonakalayo kumema umbukeli ukuba acabangele okuguquguqukayo okudlalwayo—mhlawumbe uhlobo olulodwa lunamandla, lukhiqiza igesi negwebu, kuyilapho olunye luhamba kancane, luvinjelwe, noma lusebenza ngaphansi kwezimo ezihluke kancane. Ukucaca koketshezi, ukuminyana kwamabhamuza, nokuthungwa kwegwebu konke kusebenza njengezinkomba kulolu phenyo oluqhubekayo.

Kuzungeze amabhika kukhona ikhawunta yensimbi ecwebezelayo, ecwebezelayo, ebamba ukukhanya okuzungezile futhi yengeza umuzwa wokuhlanzeka nokunemba endaweni yesehlakalo. Kusabalele ikhawunta izingcezu ezengeziwe zezingilazi zaselabhorethri—amashubhu okuhlola, amaflaski, namapayipi—ngalinye lihlanzekile futhi lilungele ukusetshenziswa. Lawa mathuluzi aphakamisa ukugeleza komsebenzi okuhlanganisa ukusampula, ukukala, kanye nokuhlaziya okungaba yi-microscopic, okuqinisa umqondo wokuthi lesi sikhala lapho ukuphuza kuhlangana khona nebhayoloji. Uhlelo luhlelekile kodwa aluyona inyumba, ludlulisela umuzwa wokuhlanganyela okusebenzayo kanye nokubuza okucatshangelwayo.

Ukukhanya kwegumbi kufudumele futhi kungokwemvelo, cishe kuhlungwe ngefasitela eliseduze, kuveza izithunzi ezithambile futhi kuthuthukise amathoni asagolide oketshezi olubilayo. Lokhu kukhanya kwengeza ukujula nokufudumala endaweni, kuyenza izizwe iwuchwepheshe futhi imema. Igqamisa ukwakheka kwegwebu, ukucwayiza kwamabhamuza, kanye nomehluko ocashile phakathi kwamabhika amabili, iqondisa iso lombukeli futhi ikhuthaze ukubhekisisa ngokucophelela.

Ngemuva, amasu okusebenza okwengeziwe namashalofu afiphaliswa kancane, agcina ukugxila kumabhika kuyilapho kunikeza umongo. Ingemuva elithulisiwe liphakamisa ilebhu efakwe kahle, lapho ukuvutshelwa akufundelwa ukukhiqiza kuphela kodwa ukuze kuqondwe. Ivusa umoya wokugxilisa ingqondo ethulile, lapho ukuhlola ngakunye kuyisinyathelo esiya olwazini olujulile kanye nemiphumela engcono.

Sekukonke, isithombe sidlulisa ukulandisa kokuhlola kwesayensi nokunakekelwa kwezandla. Ibungaza ubunkimbinkimbi bemvubelo, ukubaluleka kwezimo ezilawulwayo, nobuhle bokubila njengokubili inqubo yebhayoloji nomsebenzi wezandla. Ngokwakheka kwaso, ukukhanya, kanye nemininingwane, isithombe simema isibukeli ukuthi sazise umehluko ocashile phakathi kwezinhlobo ze-yeast kanye nomsebenzi wokucophelela odingekayo ukuze uvule amandla azo aphelele. Kungumfanekiso wokwenza utshwala njengesiyalo esisekelwe ekuqapheliseni, ekuhloleni nasekuphishekeleni impumelelo.

Isithombe sihlobene: Ukuvubela Ubhiya Nge-CellarScience German Yeast