Ama-Hops e-Beer Brewing: Bobek

Kushicilelwe: Novemba 25, 2025 23:05:58 UTC

I-Bobek, uhlobo lwe-hop yase-Slovenia, luvela endaweni yase-Žalec e-Duchy yase-Styria endala. I-Diploid hybrid, eyakhiwe ngokuhlanganisa i-Northern Brewer ne-Tettnanger/owesilisa waseSlovenia. Le nhlanganisela iphumela kumaleveli e-alpha aqinile kanye nephunga elimnandi. Umlando wayo ubeka i-Bobek phakathi kwama-hops aseSlovenia aphawulekayo, okuyenza ibe wusizo ekuphuzweni kwesimanjemanje.

Leli khasi lihunyushwe ngomshini lisuka esiNgisini ukuze lenze lifinyeleleke kubantu abaningi ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngeshwa, ukuhumusha ngomshini akukabi ubuchwepheshe obuphelele, ngakho-ke amaphutha angenzeka. Uma uthanda, ungabuka inguqulo yokuqala yesiNgisi lapha:

Hops in Beer Brewing: Bobek

Vala i-hop cone eyodwa eluhlaza ngokugqamile ngokumelene nesizinda esilufifi sezitshalo ze-hop eziluhlaza ngaphansi kokushisa kwelanga. Ulwazi olwengeziwe

I-cultivar ibonakala ngekhodi yamazwe ngamazwe i-SGB kanye ne-cultivar ID HUL007. Ekwenziweni kotshwala, i-Bobek ivamise ukusetshenziswa njenge-hop ebabayo noma enezinjongo ezimbili, kuya ngebanga layo le-alpha acid. Uma ama-alpha acid engaphezulu, aphinde asetshenziselwe izengezo zamuva ukuze kuthuthukiswe iphunga ngobuqili.

Ama-Bobek hop ayatholakala kubahlinzeki nabathengisi abahlukahlukene, ukutholakala kushintsha ngonyaka wokuvuna kanye nosayizi wezitshalo. Ibamba iqhaza elibonakalayo kukho kokubili ukwenziwa kwebhizinisi nokuphisa kwasekhaya. Isiza ekumunyu futhi ngezikhathi ezithile iphunga, ama-ales afanelekayo nama-lager afuna uhlamvu oluvinjelwe lwezimbali nezinongo.

Okuthathwayo Okubalulekile

Ama-hop e-Bobek adabuka endaweni yase-Žalec/Styria yase-Slovenia futhi aziwa ngokubaba nokunuka okunokulinganisela.
Izinhlobonhlobo zibhaliswe njenge-SGB kanye ne-HUL007, okubonisa ukuzalanisa okusemthethweni kozalo.
Iphrofayela ye-Bobek hop ifanele kokubili ukusetshenziswa okubabayo kanye nezinjongo ezimbili kuye ngamaleveli e-alpha.
Ukutholakala kuyehluka ngokuya ngomhlinzeki nangonyaka wokuvuna; abaphisi botshwala kufanele bahlole idatha yezitshalo ngaphambi kokuthenga.
I-Bobek flavour ingeza amanothi afihlekile ezimbali nezinongo awusizo kuma-ales nama-lager.

Umsuka kanye nokuzalaniswa kwe-Bobek hops

Izimpande ze-Bobek hops zisezindaweni ze-hop ezizungeze i-Žalec, isifunda esinomlando e-Slovenia, eningizimu ye-Austria. Abazalanisi kule ndawo babehlose ukuhlanganisa iphunga lezinhlobo ze-Styrian namandla ababayo. Lo mgomo bekuwukudala ama-hops alinganisela zombili izici.

Ukuzalaniswa kweBobek kwaqala ngawo-1970, ngesikhathi seYugoslavia. Umgomo bekuwukuhlanganisa ama-alpha acid aphezulu nephunga elimnandi. Isiphambano esakhiqiza uBobek sahlanganisa i-Northern Brewer hybrid nesithombo se-Tettnanger noma owesilisa waseSlovenia ongashiwongo ngegama.

Umphumela uhambisana nezinye izimila zaseSlovenia ezifana neBlisk neBuket, zonke ziyingxenye yohlelo lwesifunda olufanayo. Ukuzalaniswa kwe-hop yase-Slovenia kugxile ekuqiniseni amandla, ukucaca kwephunga elimnandi, nokufaneleka kwesimo sezulu.

Inothi lezofuzo: i-diploid hybrid ye-Northern Brewer hybrid kanye nowesilisa waseTettnanger/Slovenia.
Ingqikithi yesifunda: ithuthukiswe esifundeni se-Zalec hops, ingxenye yesiko le-hop yaseStyria.
Ukuhlukaniswa: kufakwe ohlwini lwamazwe ngamazwe ngaphansi kwekhodi ye-SGB kanye ne-cultivar ID HUL007.

Izinjongo zokuzalanisa zikaBobek kwakuwukudala i-hop enezinjongo ezimbili. Abakhiqizi bafune uhlobo lwe-cultivar olungagcina amazinga e-alpha acid ngenkathi bengeza uhlamvu olucashile lwezimbali lwe-herbal kubhiya.

Namuhla, i-Bobek igujwa ngeqhaza layo ekuzaleni i-hop yaseSlovenia. Yabelana ngozalo nama-Styrian Goldings ambalwa kanye nokukhetha kwesifunda. Abalimi endaweni yaseZalec bayaqhubeka nokubumba isithunzi nokutholakala kwayo.

Izici ze-Botanical ne-agronomic

I-Bobek iyinhlobonhlobo ye-diploid hop eyaziwa ngama-cones ayo ahlangene kanye nezindlala ze-lupulin eziqinile. Izici zayo zesitshalo se-hop zihlanganisa i-bine enamandla edinga ukwesekwa kwe-trellis evamile. Ukuqeqeshwa okujwayelekile ngesikhathi sokukhula kuyadingeka.

Ezivivinyweni zasensimini kulo lonke elaseSlovenia, ukutshala kweBobek kubonise ukukhula okuthembekile kanye nesivuno esiqinile. Amarekhodi okulima kwe-hop yaseSlovenia aphawula ukuthi izinhlobonhlobo zivumelana kahle nenhlabathi yendawo kanye nesimo sezulu. Lokhu kunikeza abalimi isivuno esibikezelwayo ngaphansi kokuphathwa okujwayelekile.

Abalimi bahlukanisa i-Bobek ngenjongo ngokusekelwe ekuhlolweni kwaminyaka yonke kwe-alpha acid. Eminye iminyaka isebenza ngokuyinhloko njenge-hop ebabayo. Eminye iminyaka isebenza njengenjongo embaxambili yakho kokubili okubabayo kanye nephunga elimnandi, kuye ngamakhemikhali ezitshalo.

Izazi zezolimo namahlathi zincoma i-Bobek agronomy ngokumelana nezifo kanye nokuminyana kwe-canopy okulawulekayo. Lezi zici zenza kube lula ukunakekelwa kwe-canopy futhi zinciphise ukufakwa kwabasebenzi phakathi nenkathi ephezulu. Lokhu kubalulekile emapulazini amancane naphakathi nendawo.

Isistimu yezimpande: ijulile futhi iyakwazi ukumelana neziphonso ezomile.
I-Canopy: ukuminyana okuphakathi, kufanela ukuthenwa ngomshini kanye nezandla.
Ukuvuthwa: iwindi lokuvuna elimaphakathi nesizini ukuya kwesizini yakamuva.

Ukukhiqizwa kwezentengiso kuyehluka. Okungenani inothi elilodwa lemboni libika ukuthi i-Bobek ayikhiqizwa kabanzi esikalini naphezu kokusebenza kwensimu okuqinile. Ukutholakala kuncike onyakeni wokuvuna kanye nesitokwe sabahlinzeki.

Izinhlobo eziningi zabahlinzeki bembewu nama-rhizome benza uhlu lwe-Bobek, ukuze abaphisi botshwala abancane nabatshali bangakwazi ukuthola okubalulekile uma ukutholakala kuvumela. Ukuhlela ngokucophelela kusiza ukuvumelanisa ukutshalwa kwe-Bobek nesidingo esilindelwe ekulimeni kwe-hop yaseSlovenia kanye nezimakethe ezithunyelwa ngaphandle.

Isazi sezitshalo sihlola ama-hop cones endaweni eluhlaza ye-Bobek hop ngaphansi kokukhanya kwelanga okusagolide, ezungezwe imivini emide ene-trellised namagquma akude. Ulwazi olwengeziwe

Iphrofayili yekhemikhali kanye nebanga le-alpha acid

Ikhemistri ye-hop ka-Bobek yomibili iyahlukahluka futhi ayiguquguquki, ihlinzeka abaphisi botshwala izinhlobonhlobo zezinketho. Amanani e-alpha acid e-Bobek asuka ku-2.3% ukuya ku-9.3%, nesilinganiso esivamile esingu-6.4%. Ukuhlaziya okuningi kuwela phakathi kwebanga elingu-3.5–9.3%, kuyilapho ezinye zikhomba amanani aphansi njengo-2.3%.

Ama-beta acids abalulekile ekuzinzeni kwe-hop kanye nokubaba okubonwayo. Okuqukethwe kwe-beta acid ka-Bobek kusuka ku-2.0% kuya ku-6.6%, okulinganiselwa ku-5.0–5.3%. Isilinganiso se-alpha-beta ngokuvamile siwela phakathi kuka-1:1 no-2:1, ngesilinganiso esingu-1:1. Lokhu kuvumelana nezimo kwenza i-Bobek ifaneleke kukho kokubili okubabayo kanye nesengezo sekwephuzile ekuvuseni utshwala.

Okuqukethwe kwe-co-humulone e-Bobek kumaphakathi, kubikwa ukuthi kungamaphesenti angama-26–31 wama-alpha acid, okuyisilinganiso esingu-28.5%. Leli phesenti lithonya kakhulu iphrofayili yokubaba kwe-hop nezici zokuguga kubhiya.

Okuqukethwe kukawoyela okuphelele kungenye into ebalulekile, ethinta amandla ephunga. Amafutha akalwa asukela ku-0.7 kuya ku-4.0 mL/100g, isilinganiso esingu-2.4 mL/100g. Amazinga aphezulu kawoyela eminyakeni ethile aphakamisa amandla kaBobek okusetshenziswa kwezinhloso ezimbili, kuyilapho amazinga aphansi ekufanelekela kangcono ukubaba.

Ibanga le-alpha acid: ~2.3%–9.3%, isilinganiso esijwayelekile ~6.4%
Ibanga le-Beta acid: ~2.0%–6.6%, isilinganiso ~5.0–5.3%
Isilinganiso se-Alpha:beta: ngokuvamile ngu-1:1 ukuya ku-2:1, isilinganiso ~1:1
I-Co-humulone Bobek: ~26%–31% wama-alpha acid, isilinganiso ~28.5%
Isamba samafutha: ~0.7–4.0 mL/100g, isilinganiso ~2.4 mL/100g

Ukuhlukahluka konyaka nonyaka ku-alpha acid ye-Bobek nokuqukethwe kukawoyela kuba nomthelela ekwenzeni utshwala. Lezi zinguquko zithinta ukusetshenziswa kwe-hop kanye nebhalansi ye-flavour. Abadayisi kufanele bahlole isivuno ngasinye futhi balungise izindlela zabo zokupheka ngokufanele, kunokuthembela kudatha yomlando.

I-chemistry ye-hop yokubamba ibalulekile ekusebenziseni i-Bobek ngempumelelo. Ukwengamela i-Bobek alpha acid, i-beta acid, nokuqukethwe kwe-co-humulone kunikeza ukuqonda ngekhwalithi yokubaba, ukuziphatha kokuguga, kanye nokusetshenziswa okuphelele njenge-hop ebabayo noma yephunga.

Amafutha abalulekile nama-aroma compounds

Amafutha abalulekile e-Bobek abonisa ukwakheka okuhlukile okuthonya kakhulu iphunga lawo kanye nokusetshenziswa kotshwala. I-Myrcene, ingxenye eyinhloko, ngokuvamile yakha u-30-45% wawo wonke uwoyela, isilinganiso esingaba ngu-37.5%. Lokhu kuqoqwa okuphezulu kwe-myrcene kunikeza amanothi e-resinous, i-citrus, nezithelo, kuthuthukise ukungezwa kwakamuva kanye nokugxuma okumile.

I-Humulene, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-α-caryophyllene, isukela ku-13-19%, isilinganiso esingu-16%. Inikeza amathoni anokhuni, ahloniphekile, futhi anezinongo kancane, ilinganisela izici ezikhanyayo ze-myrcene.

I-Caryophyllene (β-caryophyllene) ikhona ku-4-6%, isilinganiso esingu-5%. Yengeza i-peppery, i-woody, ne-herbal character, ikhulise i-malt nephunga elimnandi kubhiya osuphelile.

I-Farnesene (β-farnesene) ngokuvamile isukela ku-4-7%, isilinganiso esingu-5.5%. Izakhi zayo ezintsha, eziluhlaza, nezimbali zithuthukisa iphrofayili ye-hop, zihlangana ngokuzwana namanye ama-terpenes.

Izakhi ezincane ezifana ne-β-pinene, linalool, i-geraniol, ne-selinene zihlanganisa u-23–49% wamafutha. Lezi zakhi zinikela ngezimbali, i-herbal, ne-citrusy, okwandisa ubunkimbinkimbi kanye nentshisekelo kuzinhlanganisela zephunga le-hop kuwo wonke amaqoqo.

I-Myrcene: ~ 37.5% - i-resinous, i-citrus, i-fruity.
I-Humulene: ~ 16% - enokhuni, ehloniphekile, ebabayo.
I-Caryophyllene: ~ 5% - i-peppery, i-herbal.
Farnesene: ~ 5.5% - eluhlaza, izimbali.
Okunye okuguquguqukayo: 23-49% - izimbali, i-herbal, i-citrusy complexity.

Ibhalansi ye-myrcene, i-humulene, ne-caryophyllene e-Bobek isekela izimbali kanye ne-pine overtones, ehambisana nobukhulu be-citrus, i-herbal, ne-resinous. Abaphisi botshwala bathola ukuveza kahle kwalezi zinhlanganisela zephunga le-hop ngokungezwa kweketela sekwephuzile, i-whirlpooling emazingeni okushisa aphansi, noma ukugxumagxuma okomile ukuze kugcinwe ukuntengantenga.

Ukubamba ukuhlukana kukawoyela kubalulekile ekwakhiweni kweresiphi kanye nesikhathi. Ukusebenzisa amafutha abalulekile e-Bobek njengereferensi yomthamo, isikhathi sokuthintana, kanye nokuhlanganisa kuqinisekisa ukuthi amawolintshi afunwayo, uphayini, noma amanothi ezimbali avela ngaphandle kokunamandla okweqile kwe-malt noma umlingiswa wemvubelo.

Ukuhlelwa okuseduze, okulinganayo kwengilazi ye-amber Bobek amabhodlela kawoyela abalulekile anamakepisi anombala okhilimu namalebula amahle, akhanya kancane ngokumelene nengemuva elimaphakathi. Ulwazi olwengeziwe

Iphrofayili ye-flavour nephunga le-Bobek hops

Iphrofayili ye-flavour ye-Bobek iqala ngephayini ecacile nephunga lezimbali, ibeka ithoni e-resinous nentsha. Ibese iveza amanothi e-citrus kalamula, i-grapefruit, nekhasi lomcako, ithuthukisa iphrofayili ngaphandle kokuyenza ibe nohlangothi olulodwa.

Iphunga likaBobek lihlanganisa i-green-fruit ne-sage nuances, enezela ukujula kwe-herbal. Abaphisi botshwala bavame ukubona amathoni amnandi, afana ne-hay kanye nezingxenye ezicashile ezinokhuni noma zomhlaba, okunothisa i-hop.

Uhlamvu lwesibili luhlanganisa amanothi e-aniseed ababayo, avela lapho kuthelwa amanzi ashisayo noma kumabhiya anama-malt-forward backbones. Lawa manothi e-aniseed aqhathanisa i-citrus ne-pine, enikeza u-Bobek umkhawulo oyingqayizivele.

I-Chemistry ishayela ibhalansi. I-Myrcene inikela ngezimfanelo ezisawolintshi ezinuka kamnandi, kuyilapho i-farnesene nezinhlanganisela ezihambisanayo zihlinzeka ngezimpawu ze-herbal ezimibalabala neziluhlaza. Le nhlanganisela yenza i-Bobek ifanelekele kokubili izindima ezibabayo nephunga, ikakhulukazi uma ama-alpha acid enyusiwe.

Okuyinhloko: i-pine floral lemon grapefruit yokuphakamisa okukhanyayo, okunenhlaka.
Okwesibili: amanothi e-aniseed, hay, i-artichoke/imifino, iminonjana enokhuni kanye nomhlaba.
Umbono: ngokuvamile unamandla kune-Styrian Goldings, ene-lime ecacile namathoni omhlaba.

Empeleni, i-Bobek yengeza iphunga elinezingqimba kuma-ales nama-lager ngaphandle kwe-malt enamandla kakhulu. Isetshenziswe sekwephuzile emathunjini noma ekugxumeni okomile, iphrofayili ye-Bobek flavour ingaqhakaza ibe yi-citrus eshiwo nemininingwane ye-herbal. Lokhu kuhambisana nama-hops afana ne-Saaz noma i-Hallertau.

Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala kanye nezicelo ezisebenzayo

I-Bobek hop ivame ukusetshenziswa njenge-hop yokuqala ebabayo. Ibanga le-alpha acid yabo engaguquki kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-co-humulone okumaphakathi kunikeza ukubaba okuhlanzekile, okubushelelezi. Ukuze uzuze ama-IBU afunekayo, bala inani lama-Bobek hop adingekayo ngokusekelwe kumaphesenti awo e-alpha acid kanye nesikhathi sokubilisa.

I-Bobek hops ingasetshenziselwa kokubili okubabayo kanye ne-flavour/iphunga. Eminyakeni enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-alpha-acid, angasetshenziswa njenge-hop enezinjongo ezimbili. Ukuwangeza sekwephuzile kumathumba noma ngesikhathi sokubilisa okufushane kungase kuveze ukunambitheka kwe-hop ethambile ngaphandle kokuphazamisa umunyu. Lokhu kuvumela umgogodla olinganiselayo wokumunyu kanye nephunga elimnandi.

Ukuze uthwebule uwoyela oguquguqukayo, ukungezwa sekwephuzile, ukuphumula kwe-whirlpool, noma i-hopping eyomile iyakhethwa. Isamba samazinga kawoyela ku-Bobek hops anesizotha, ngakho-ke isikhathi sibalulekile ukuze uthole amanothi amasha ekhambi nezinongo. I-whirlpool emfushane engu-70–80°C igcina ama-aromatics athambile kunamathumba agcwele.

Uma usebenzisa i-Bobek hops ku-whirlpool, yengeze ekuqaleni kokupholisa futhi uphumule imizuzu engu-15-30. Le ndlela ikhipha ukunambitheka nephunga kuyilapho inciphisa ukuhlukaniswa okungeziwe kwama-alpha acid. Kubhiya ogcizelela iphunga, kubalulekile ukulawula isikhathi sokuxhumana futhi ugweme ukushisa okukhulu.

I-Bobek dry hopping iyasebenza ekwengezeni izinongo ezicashile namathoni ezimbali. Sebenzisa imithamo emaphakathi kanye nezikhathi zokuthintana ezimfushane ukuvikela ukukhishwa kwemifino. Ukugxumagxuma okomile okubandayo izinsuku ezingu-3-7 kuvame ukukhiqiza ibhalansi engcono kakhulu phakathi kokuqina kwephunga nokomisa.

Ithiphu yomthamo: lungisa ngesitayela nokuqukethwe kwe-alpha; ama-lager athambekele emazingeni alula, ama-ales amukela amanani aphezulu.
Ukutholakala kwefomu: thola i-Bobek njenge-whole-cone noma ama-pellet hops avela kubahlinzeki bezentengiselwano.
Amanothi okucubungula: azikho izinguqulo ezinkulu ze-lupulin-powder ezinikezwa kabanzi kusuka kumaphrosesa amakhulu.

Khumbula ukucabangela ukuhlukahluka konyaka wezitshalo. Ama-alpha acid angashintsha phakathi kwezinkathi zonyaka, ngakho buyekeza izindlela zakho zokupheka ngezinombolo zelebhu ngaphambi kokukala. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukumunyunga kwe-Bobek okungaguquki kanye nephunga elihlosiwe elivela ezingezweni zamuva.

Izitayela zikabhiya ezifanele ama-Bobek hops

Ama-hop e-Bobek ahlukahlukene, angena kahle ezinhlobonhlobo zobhiya bendabuko baseYurophu. Bagcwalisa ama-ales esiNgisi kanye nezindlela zokupheka ezi-Bitter Strong, lapho iphunga liyisihluthulelo. Amanothi ephayini, ezimbali, kanye ne-citrus elula athuthukisa lezi ziphuzo.

Kuma-lager alula, u-Bobek wengeza i-lift ecashile enamakha. Isetshenziswa kangcono ekungezeni kweketela sekwephuzile noma ama-whirlpool hops. Le ndlela igcina intukuthelo iphansi futhi igcina uhlamvu lwezimbali oluthambile.

Kuma-pilsners acwebile, i-Bobek isetshenziswa kancane. Imithamo emincane ye-dry-hop noma izengezo zokuqeda zengeza ukuthinta okuhlukile. Lokhu akuweqi amandla iphrofayili ye-malt ne-noble hop.

I-Bobek ESB namanye ama-ales esitayela sesiNgisi azuza kumgogodla wawo onenhlaka. Ukuyihlanganisa ne-East Kent Goldings noma i-Fuggles kungeza inothi eliphezulu elikhanyayo. Lokhu kuhambisana kahle ne-toffee malts.

Abathwali abakhethekile nobhiya obumnyama bangakwazi ukuphatha amanani aphansi we-Bobek. I-alpha acids yayo emaphakathi iyenza ibe wusizo kumabhiya adinga ukubaba okunqandiwe. Yengeza kancane uphayini kanye nesawolintshi ekugcineni.

Okufanelana kakhulu: IsiNgisi, i-ESB, i-Bitter Strong.
Okulingana kahle: Ama-Pilsner, ama-lager ahlanzekile anezengezo eziphuzile.
Ukuhlola: Izibayi nezitayela ezixubile ezine-malt ebhalansi.

Abadidiyeli basekhaya bavamise ukuphumelela ngokugxuma kwakamuva kwesikhashana ukuze bathole iphunga. Izindlela zokupheka eziningi zibonisa obhiya nge-Bobek njengesivivinyo se-hop eyodwa. Lokhu kufakazela ukuguquguquka kwayo kuzo zonke izitayela namasiko ahlukahlukene.

I-Bobek igxuma njengesithako ekuphekeni

Abadayisi basekhaya nabaphuhlisi bezandla bavame ukusebenzisa ama-Bobek hops ezindleleni zabo zokupheka. Okufakiwe okungaphezu kwenkulungwane kumasayithi okupheka ahlukahlukene kukhombisa ukuguquguquka kweBobek. Isetshenziswa kuma-porters, ama-ales esiNgisi, ama-ESB, nama-lager, igqamisa ukuguquguquka kwayo kuzinhlanganisela ezihlukene ze-malt ne-yeast.

I-Bobek hops iphathwa kangcono njengesithako esivumelana nezimo. Zisebenza njenge-hop ebabayo lapho ama-alpha acid azo ephansi ukuya kokumaphakathi. Kuma-alpha acid asondela ku-7%–8%, i-Bobek iba i-hop enezinjongo ezimbili. Isetshenziselwa kokubili okubabayo kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nesengezo sephunga elimnandi.

Umthamo we-Bobek hops uyahlukahluka ngokuya ngesitayela nokubaba okufiswayo. Ngenqwaba evamile engamalitha angu-5, umthamo ojwayelekile uyahluka ukusuka kokwengezwa kwakamuva okukhanyayo ukuze uthole iphunga elimnandi ukuya kwezinezengezo ezinzima kakhulu zokubaba. Ukulungiswa kwenziwa ngokusekelwe kokuqukethwe kwe-alpha acid kanye nethagethi ye-IBU kabhiya.

Izithwali nama-ales ansundu: inkokhelo ebabayo emaphakathi kanye nokuthintwa kwe-whirlpool sekwephuzile kugqamisa amanothi athosiwe namakhambi.
Ama-ales esiNgisi kanye ne-ESB: ukudosa sekwephuzile ngendlela elondolozayo kugcina ibhalansi nemalthi yesiNgisi nemvubelo yendabuko.
Ama-Lagers: ukusetshenziswa okulinganiselwe ku-bolile kanye ne-dry-hop kungaboleka izinongo ezicashile ngaphandle kohlamvu lwelager olushisayo olunamandla.

Ukufaka esikhundleni se-Bobek kwenye i-hop kudinga ukulungisa umehluko we-alpha acid. Ukugcina ubumunyu obuhlosiwe, kala umthamo we-Bobek hop. Lindela ukushintsha kwephunga eliya ezimbalini, ze-herbal, nezinongo ezilula. Ukulungiswa kokunambitha ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kotshwala kusiza ukulungisa ibhalansi.

Ababhali abaningi bama-recipe banikeza amathiphu abalulekile. Isibonelo, sebenzisa i-Bobek ku-porter ene-crystal malt emnyama noma izihlanganisi ze-maple ukuze uthole imfudumalo. Ibhanqe ne-East Kent Goldings noma i-Fuggle ukuze uthuthukise amaphrofayili akudala ase-British. Amaqoqo esilingo namamethrikhi arekhodiwe enza ukucwengwa kwamaresiphi e-Bobek ukuze kube nemiphumela engaguquki kuqonde ngqo.

Eduze kwekhoni ye-Bobek hop eluhlaza egqamile ekhanyiswa ukukhanya okufudumele nengilazi elufifi kabhiya we-porter omnyama ngemuva. Ulwazi olwengeziwe

Ukumatanisa ama-Bobek hop nezinye izinhlobo ze-hop kanye nezithako

Uma ubhanqa ama-Bobek hop, bhalansisa uphayini ne-citrus nezinhlamvu ezihambisanayo ze-hop. Abadayisi bavame ukuhlanganisa i-Bobek ne-Saaz ukuze bengeze isinongo esithambile esithambisa amanothi anenhlaka. Le nhlanganisela idala umkhawulo we-herbal ovinjelwe, olungele ama-pilsners nama-lager akudala.

Ukuze uthole obhiya abagqamile, abadlulisela phambili izithelo, zama i-Bobek nge-Cascade. Le nhlanganisela ithuthukisa i-citrus kanye ne-grapefruit ngenkathi igcina amanothi ezimbali kanye nephayini. Ilungele ama-ales aseMelika kanye ne-hop-forward ales ephaphathekile.

Ukubhanqa okujwayelekile kwe-hop kufaka i-Fuggle, i-Styrian Golding, i-Willamette, ne-Northern Brewer.
Sebenzisa i-estery English ale yeasts ukuze uthuthukise izinhlamvu zezimbali futhi ujulise ukuvumelana kwe-malt-hop.
Khetha imvubelo yelager ehlanzekile uma ufuna amaphrofayili acwebile we-pilsner ane-herbal ecashile.

Qondanisa ama-malt ukuze ugqamise uhlamvu olusawolintshi noma lwe-floral hop. I-Pale malts kanye ne-Vienna malts zibonisa amanothi aphezulu kaBobek. Ama-malt acebile afana neMunich noma ukukhanya okuthulisa kwe-caramel kodwa engeza ukujula kwama-bitters namaphunga alinganayo.

Ekuphekeni kokupheka, i-Bobek's piney, amanothi e-citrus ahambisana kahle nenyama eyosiwe kanye nezitsha ezidlulisa imifino. Ama-dessert namasaladi ane-citrus ane-vinaigrette abuye ahambisane nokukhanya okuqhutshwa yi-hop.

Sebenzisa ukubhanqa kwe-hop ngokucabangisisa kuzo zonke izigaba ze-mash, thumba, ne-dry-hop. Ukwengezwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kukhipha umunyu, izithako ezimaphakathi nethumba ziletha ukunambitheka, futhi imithamo ephuzile noma eyomile ivala iphunga. Amaqoqo amancane esilingo aveza izilinganiso ezingcono kakhulu zeresiphi yakho.

Okuthatha indawo kanye nokulingana kwe-Bobek hops

Lapho i-Bobek iyindlala, abaphisi botshwala baphendukela kwezinye izindlela ezithwebula ubunjalo bayo bomhlaba nezimbali. I-Fuggle, i-Styrian Golding, i-Willamette, ne-Northern Brewer yizinketho ezivamile. Ngayinye ingasebenza esikhundleni esifanelekile, kuye ngephrofayili ye-flavour oyifunayo.

I-Fuggle ilungele amaseshini ama-ales nobhiya besitayela sesiNgisi. Iletha ukunambitheka okuthambile kokhuni kanye namakhambi, okufanekisa umlingiswa ocashile kaBobek. Ukushintshanisa i-Fuggle kuzoshintsha ubhiya ngobuqili uye ekunambithekeni kosiko lwesiNgisi.

Kuma-lager nama-ales athambile, i-Styrian Golding iyona ebambele. Inikeza amanothi ezimbali nasemhlabeni anophawu lwesithelo. Le hop igcina ubunkimbinkimbi bephunga ngenkathi igcina ukubaba.

I-Willamette ilungele izindlela zokupheka zaseMelika kanye ne-hybrid efuna inothi elimnandi elinezithelo. Inonqenqema olunezimbali nezinongo. Le hop ingathuthukisa ukunambitheka kukabhiya, ilinganise izici zemifino ye-Bobek.

Qondanisa ama-IBU: izikali zesikali zomehluko we-alpha acid ngaphambi kokushintsha ama-hops.
Nambitha ukuhwebelana: lindela amashifu amawolintshi noma ama-resin acashile kuye ngokuthatha indawo ekhethiwe.
Amafomu okucubungula: ama-substitutes amaningi afika njengama-pellets noma imikhiqizo ye-cryo, ngokungafani nemithombo yendabuko ye-Bobek.

Amathiphu asebenzayo aqinisekisa ukushintshwa okubushelelezi. Linganisa ama-alpha acid, lungisa izikhathi zokubilisa, futhi ucabangele izengezo sekwephuzile noma ukugxumagxuma okomile. Lokhu kusiza ukubuyisela iphunga elilahlekile. Njalo hlola amaqoqo amancane lapho wethula enye indlela entsha ye-Fuggle, esikhundleni se-Styrian Golding, noma esikhundleni sika-Willamette ukuze ibhalansi iphelele.

Ukwakheka kwempilo emile yamakhoni e-hop amasha aluhlaza kanye namapellets omisiwe ahlelwe endaweni eyirustic ngaphansi kokukhanya okufudumele, kwemvelo. Ulwazi olwengeziwe

Ukutholakala, amafomu kanye nokucubungula kwesimanje

Ukutholakala kwe-Bobek kushintsha ngonyaka nangemakethe. Abahlinzeki bahlinzeka nge-Bobek egcwele ikhoni futhi ecutshunguliwe, kodwa ukunikezwa kungase kushaywe noma kuphuthelwe ngenxa yemijikelezo yokuvuna kanye nesidingo.

I-Bobek iza ngama-cone hops nama-pellets acindezelwe. Abadayisi bayawazisa ama-pellets ngokubeka kwawo kalula kanye nomthamo onembile, noma ngabe ngamaqoqo amancane noma amakhulu.

Amafomethi okukhethekile afana ne-Bobek lupulin noma i-cryo awavamile. Amaphrosesa amakhulu afana ne-Yakima Chief Hops, BarthHaas, no-John I. I-Haas ayikhiqizi kakhulu lezi. Bagxila emafomu endabuko.

Abanye abathengisi bangase babe nesivuno esidala noma inkatho elinganiselwe. Ngaso sonke isikhathi hlola unyaka wokuvuna, okuqukethwe kwe-alpha, nefomethi ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi kuyahambisana nemigomo yakho yokupheka kanye nentukuthelo.

Uma ufuna i-Bobek, qhathanisa abahlinzeki abahlukene. Qinisekisa isitoreji nezinsuku zokupakisha. Ama-pellets apakishwe kahle agcina ukunambitheka kwe-hop isikhathi eside. Ama-cones aphelele angcono kakhulu kulabo abakhetha ukucubungula okuncane.

Qinisekisa unyaka wokuvuna kanye namaphesenti e-alpha acid kumalebula abahlinzeki.
Nquma phakathi kwama-pellets e-Bobek ukuze kube lula kanye nama-cones aphelele okuphatha ngendlela evamile.
Buza abahlinzeki nganoma iyiphi i-lupulin ye-batch encane noma isivivinyo se-cryo uma udinga amafomu agxilile.

Ukuhlukahluka kwekhwalithi kanye nokucatshangelwa konyaka wezitshalo

Ukuhlukahluka kwezitshalo ze-Bobek kuyisenzakalo esivamile, okuholela ekushintshashintsheni kwama-alpha acid nokuqukethwe kukawoyela kusuka kwesinye isivuno kuya kwesinye. Ngokomlando, amanani e-alpha asukela cishe ku-2.3% kuya ku-9.3%.

Abadayisi ababuka ikhwalithi ye-hop ngokuhamba kwesikhathi bazobona izinguquko emandleni ababayo kanye nokuqina kwephunga. Ngezikhathi zonyaka ze-alpha ephezulu, i-Bobek incike ekusetshenzisweni kwezinhloso ezimbili. Ngokuphambene, eminyakeni ephansi ye-alpha, ifaneleka kakhulu ukubaba iyodwa.

Ukuhlela kusizwa ama-avareji okuhlaziya. Lezi zilinganiso zibonisa i-alpha eduze kuka-6.4%, i-beta cishe ku-5.0–5.3%, futhi inani likawoyela cishe li-2.4 mL nge-100 g. Nokho, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa lezi zibalo ngesitifiketi sokuhlaziya sabaphakeli (COA).

Izici zekhwalithi zihlanganisa isikhathi sokuvuna, ukomiswa kohhavini, izimo zokugcinwa, kanye nezindlela zokugaya. Ukungaphathwa kahle kunganciphisa amafutha aguquguqukayo futhi kwenze buthaka iphunga. Ukwengezwa kweketela sekwephuzile noma i-dry-hopping kungasiza ukubuyisela uhlamvu olulahlekile.

Hlola ukuhlukahluka kwamanje kwe-Bobek alpha ngaphambi kokukala amaresiphi.
Cela ama-COA ukuze uqhathanise ikhwalithi ye-hop unyaka nonyaka.
Lungisa izibalo ezibabayo lapho amashifu e-alpha edlula ububanzi obulindelwe.

Lapho ushintsha amanye ama-hops, kubalulekile ukufanisa kokubili okuqukethwe kwe-alpha kanye nengqikithi kawoyela ukuze ugcine ibhalansi. Ukuqinisekisa idatha yesitifiketi kuqinisekisa ukuvumelana kweresiphi, naphezu kokuguquguquka konyaka wezitshalo ekuhlukeni kwezitshalo ze-Bobek nokuhlukahluka kwe-alpha ye-Bobek.

Izindleko, izitayela zemakethe nokuduma

Intengo yeBobek ingahluka kakhulu ngokuya komphakeli kanye nonyaka wokuvuna. Ngenxa yokukhiqiza okulinganiselwe kwezentengiselwano kanye nenani lezitshalo ezincane, amanani avame ukuba phezulu ezindaweni zokudayisa kanye nezitolo ezikhethekile ze-hop. Lesi simo ngokuvamile siholela ekuguquguqukeni kwentengo okubanzi lapho ukunikezwa kuqinile.

Ukuduma kuka-Bobek kubonakala kuzizindalwazi ze-homebrew kanye namaqoqo eresiphi, nezinkulungwane zezinto ezifakiwe ezibonisa yona. Lokhu okufakiwe kugqamisa ukusetshenziswa kwayo kuzitayela ezifuna umlingiswa wendabuko waseStyrian noma wase-Europe. Kodwa-ke, abaphisi botshwala abangochwepheshe abavamile ukuyisho, njengoba bekhetha izinhlobo ezitholakala kabanzi zokukhiqiza izinto ezinkulu.

Iqhaza likaBobek emakethe ligxile kakhulu. Abanye abaphisi botshwala balazisa iphunga layo lakudala lama-lager nama-ales. Abanye bakhetha i-cryo ne-American aroma hops yamaphrofayili aqinile we-dry-hop. Lokhu kukhethwa kugcina i-Bobek njengenketho ekhethekile kunesisekelo esivamile.

Ubukhona bemakethe: butholakala kubahlinzeki abaningi nezimakethe, okuhlanganisa abathengisi abavamile nabathengisi bezitolo ze-hop.
Abashayeli bezindleko: i-acre ekhawulelwe, ukuhlukahluka kokuvuna, nokuntuleka kwezinketho zokucubungula i-cryo/lupulin ezinciphisa isidingo sokusetshenziswa komthelela omkhulu.
Iseluleko sokuthenga: qhathanisa unyaka wokuvuna, amaphesenti e-alpha, nosayizi weqoqo ngaphambi kokuthenga.

Imakethe ye-hop yaseSlovenia ithonya kakhulu ukutholakala kwabathengi baseNyakatho Melika. I-Slovenia ihlinzeka ngezinhlobo zendabuko zaseStyrian kanye nenkatho ye-Bobek ngezikhathi ezithile evela kumakhathalogi wokungenisa. Uma ukuthunyelwa kwe-Slovenia kunamandla, izinketho eziningi zezitshalo ezintsha zifinyelela emakethe.

Uma isabelomali noma isitokwe kuyizingqinamba, cabanga esikhundleni esivamile njenge-Fuggle, i-Styrian Golding, noma i-Willamette. Lezi zindlela ezihlukile zilingisa iphrofayili ye-mellow, ye-herbal ngenkathi kugcinwa izindleko zibikezelwa lapho intengo ye-Bobek ikhuphuka noma izimpahla zehla.

Isiphetho

Isifinyezo se-Bobek: Le hybrid ye-diploid yase-Slovenia ihlanganisa i-Northern Brewer kanye ne-Tettnanger/Slovenian lineage. Inikeza amanothi kaphayini, ezimbali, kanye ne-citrus anebanga le-alpha acid eliguquguqukayo. Lokhu kuhlukahluka kwenza i-Bobek ifanelekele kokubili ukusetshenziswa okubabayo kanye nezinjongo ezimbaxambili, kuye ngonyaka wokunqampuna nokuhlaziywa kwe-alpha.

Ngokwenza utshwala obusebenzayo, isikhathi sibalulekile uma usebenzisa i-Bobek hops. Ukuze kulondolozwe uhlamvu lwaso lwezimbali nesawolintshi, ukungezwa kweketela sekwephuzile noma ukugxuma okomile kuyakhethwa. Ukuze uthole intukuthelo, izengezo zangaphambili zisebenza kahle. Njalo hlola izibalo zonyaka wezitshalo nemibiko yelebhu ngaphambi kokuhlela ishejuli yakho yegrist ne-hopping.

Ezinye izindlela ezifana ne-Fuggle, i-Styrian Golding, ne-Willamette zingathatha indawo lapho ukutholakala noma izindleko kuwukukhathazeka. Ukuguquguquka kwe-Bobek kukhanya kuma-ales, ama-lagers, i-ESB, nabathwali abakhethekile, okwengeza iphrofayili ehlukile ye-Central Europe. Abadayisi bazothola kulula ukungeza inkimbinkimbi ye-pine-floral-citrus ngaphandle kokweqa isisekelo se-malt sikabhiya noma uhlamvu lweyeast.

Ukufunda Okuqhubekayo

Uma ukujabulele lokhu okuthunyelwe, ungaphinda uthande lezi ziphakamiso: