Miklix

AmaHops Ekuphiseni Ubhiya: I-Calypso

Kushicilelwe: Okthoba 9, 2025 19:14:11 UTC
Igcine ukubuyekezwa: Novemba 25, 2025 21:35:11 UTC

I-Calypso Hops isiqhamuke njengekhethelo eliphezulu kubadidiyeli botshwala abahlose ukutshala izinhlobo eziningi zezinhlobo zaseMelika. Banikeza ama-aromatics anesibindi namandla aqinile okubabayo. Izalwe nguHopsteiner, iCalypso ingumphumela wokuwela insikazi ye-Hopsteiner nendoda ethathwe ku-Nugget kanye ne-USDA 19058m. Lolu hlu lozalo lunomthelela kuphrofayili yalo ephezulu ye-alpha-acid, ngokuvamile esukela ku-12–16%, nesilinganiso esingu-14%. I-calypso ilungele kokubili ukwenziwa kokuqala noma sekwephuzile lapho kwenziwa utshwala. Ihlinzeka ngokubaba okuhlanzekile ekungezeni kokuqala futhi inikeza ama-aromatics ahlanzekile, anezithelo kugedlela eliphuzile noma umsebenzi owomile we-hop. Lindela ukunambitheka kwe-apula, ipheya, isithelo setshe, ne-lime, ilungele ama-hoppy lager, ama-pale ales, kanye ne-Calypso IPA evelele.


Leli khasi lihunyushwe ngomshini lisuka esiNgisini ukuze lenze lifinyeleleke kubantu abaningi ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngeshwa, ukuhumusha ngomshini akukabi ubuchwepheshe obuphelele, ngakho-ke amaphutha angenzeka. Uma uthanda, ungabuka inguqulo yokuqala yesiNgisi lapha:

Hops in Beer Brewing: Calypso

Eduze kwezigaxa eziluhlaza okotshani ze-Calypso hop ezikhazimula ekukhanyeni kwelanga okusagolide
Eduze kwezigaxa eziluhlaza okotshani ze-Calypso hop ezikhazimula ekukhanyeni kwelanga okusagolide Ulwazi olwengeziwe

Izinhlobonhlobo zitholakala ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene kubahlinzeki abaningi. Lesi sihloko sizohlinzeka ngamathiphu asebenzayo okuphisa, izibalo zaselabhorethri, izibonelo zamaresiphi, ukuphekwa okufanelekile, iseluleko sokugcina nokuphatha, okushintshiwe, kanye nomhlahlandlela wokuthenga wabakhi basekhaya.

Okuthathwayo Okubalulekile

  • I-Calypso iwuhlobo lwe-Hopsteiner-breed cultivar (CPO, #03129) enama-alpha acid angu-12–16%.
  • Kuyinketho yeqiniso ye-hops enezinjongo ezimbili yokwengeza okubabayo nephunga elimnandi.
  • Ukunambitheka nephunga kuncike kuma-apula, amapheya, izithelo zamatshe, kanye nomcako.
  • Kutholakala njengama-pellets, i-lupulin powder, namafomu e-cryo avela kubahlinzeki.
  • Lo mhlahlandlela uhlanganisa izibalo zelebhu, amathiphu eresiphi, ukubhanqa, nezeluleko zokuthenga.

Iyini I-Calypso Hops: Imvelaphi Nokuzalanisa

Ama-calypso hop asuka ohlelweni lokuzalanisa i-Hopsteiner. Zethulwa cishe ngo-2016, zaqala njenge-experimental hop 03129. Kamuva zathola igama le-cultivar futhi zakhululwa emakethe.

IHopsteiner Calypso iyi-diploid aroma-type hop. Ivela kwensikazi ezalanisayo ebizwa ngokuthi 98005 kanye neyeduna evela ku-Nugget kanye ne-USDA 19058m. Lolu hlu lukhombisa iminyaka yokuzalanisa i-hop. Ihlose ukuhlanganisa isivuno esiphezulu nezimfanelo eziyingqayizivele ezinephunga elimnandi.

Lo mlimi uhlukaniswa njengezinhloso ezimbili. Ilungele kokubili okubabayo kanye nokungezwa kwakamuva kwephunga. Inekhodi yamazwe ngamazwe i-CPO kanye ne-Cltivar/Brand ID #03129 ngaphansi kobunikazi be-Hopsteiner nophawu lokuhweba.

Isikhathi sokuvuna se-Calypso sihambisana namashejuli ajwayelekile e-US aroma hop. Ukukhetha kuvame ukuqala phakathi nokuphela kuka-Agasti. Abalimi bayithola ingena kahle ngaphakathi kwamafasitela esifunda ajwayelekile ezinhlobonhlobo zephunga.

  • Ukutholakala: kuthengiswa ngabahlinzeki be-hop abaningi nabathengisi be-inthanethi ngamasayizi amaphakheji ahlukahlukene.
  • Umongo wemakethe: imvamisa ukumakethwa eduze kwezinhlobo ze-Hopsteiner ezifana ne-Eureka ne-Bravo.
  • Ikesi yokusetshenziswa: ithandwa abaphisi botshwala abafuna i-hop eguquguqukayo esebenza ngezitayela ezimbalwa zikabhiya.

Ukunambitha Iphrofayili: I-Flavour kanye Nephunga Elimnandi Le-Calypso Hops

Ukunambitheka kwe-calypso kuqala ngenothi le-apula eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, elikhumbuza izithelo ezintsha. Abanambithayo bavame ukubona iphentshisi eliphakathi nendawo elimhlophe, benze isisekelo esithambile, esinojusi. Lokhu kugqama kakhulu uma kusetshenziswa sekwephuzile kumathumba noma ngokugxumagxuma okomile.

Ukulungiswa kokusetshenziswa kushintsha uhlamvu lwe-hop. Ukwengeza sekwephuzile kanye nokugxumagxuma okomile kugcizelela ama-ester anamafutha, anephunga elimnandi. Lokhu kuthuthukisa iphrofayili ye-apula eliphakathi kwe-lime hops, iyethule njengegqamile futhi igqitshiwe. Ukubaba kwangaphambi kwesikhathi noma okusindayo, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kugcizelela unqenqema olunenhlaka nokubaba okubukhali.

Obhiya bangase futhi babonise i-lime noma i-lime rind, bengeze intambo ephilayo ye-citrus. Abanye bangase bancike kukhabe noma amadezi oju, bethule ubumnandi obuyindilinga obucashile. Umbono ophelele uhlala emndenini we-fruity hops kodwa uzwakala uthambile kunezinhlobo ezinesibindi zasezindaweni ezishisayo.

Amanothi esibili ahlanganisa utshani, i-pine-sap, noma i-resin undertones, engeza ubunkimbinkimbi kuma-IPA kanye ne-alles ephaphathekile. Isici esifiphele esifana netiye noma esiwumhlaba siyavela kumaresiphi aqhutshwa yi-malt, sinikeza ikhwalithi evinjelwe, evuthiwe.

  • Okuyinhloko: i-apula eluhlaza, i-pear, i-peach emhlophe
  • Intambo yeCitrus: i-lime noma i-lime rind
  • I-nuance: ikhabe, i-honeydew, izimbali ezithambile
  • Amathoni aphansi: i-resin, i-pine-sap, amanothi anotshani noma afana netiye

Iphunga le-calypso hop likhanya kakhulu uma lihlanganiswa nezinhlobo ezisawolintshi- noma eziya phambili ezindaweni ezishisayo. Ngedwa, kungaba ubuqili; ekuhlanganisweni, ihlinzeka ngesakhiwo kanye nokuphakamisa okunephunga elimnandi ngaphandle kokunqoba ubhiya.

Amanani Okuphisa Nezibalo Zaselabhorethri Ye-Calypso Hops

Ama-alpha acid e-calypso hop ngokuvamile asukela ku-12% kuya ku-16%, alinganiselwa ku-14%. Lokhu kwenza i-Calypso ilungele ukungeza ukunambitheka okubabayo okuqinile kuma-ales aphaphathekile nama-IPA. Ukuhlolwa kwakamuva kubonise iphakethe elinama-alpha acid angu-13.7%, elihambisana namaqoqo amaningi okuhweba.

Ama-Beta acid aphansi kancane, phakathi kuka-5% no-6%, ngesilinganiso esingu-5.5%. Isilinganiso se-alpha-to-beta ngokuvamile sicishe sibe ngu-3:1. I-Co-humulone, ingxenye ebalulekile yama-alpha acid, isukela ku-38% kuya ku-42%, isilinganiso esingu-40%. Lokhu kunomthelela ekubabeni okubabayo, okuhlanzekile uma kuqhathaniswa namahops anamazinga aphansi e-co-humulone.

Ingqikithi kawoyela we-hop iphakathi, isukela ku-1.5 kuya ku-2.5 mL nge-100 g, nesilinganiso esingu-2 mL/100 g. Amafutha ikakhulukazi i-myrcene ne-humulene. I-Myrcene ilinganiselwa ku-37.5%, i-humulene 27.5%, i-caryophyllene 12%, ne-farnesene 0.5%.

Amafutha asele, okuhlanganisa i-β-pinene, linalool, i-geraniol, ne-selinene, aneqhaza ekunambithekeni kwezimbali, okusawolintshi, nezinongo. Lezi zinhlanganisela zikhona ngamanani amancane futhi ziyahlukahluka kuye ngezimo zezitshalo nezokushisa.

  • Ama-alpha acid: 12-16% (avg ~ 14%) - afanele ukubaba
  • Ama-Beta acid: 5–6% (isilinganiso ~ 5.5%)
  • I-Co-humulone: 38–42% we-alpha (avg ~40%)
  • Isamba samafutha: 1.5–2.5 mL/100 g (isilinganiso ~ 2 mL/100 g)

Amanani e-HSI Calypso acishe abe ngu-0.30–0.35, okubonisa isilinganiso esifanelekile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kukhona ukulahleka okumaphakathi kwama-alpha ne-beta acid ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kuzinga lokushisa legumbi. Ubusha bamahops bubalulekile ekuzuzeni umthelela wephunga elimnandi.

Imithelela esebenzayo yokuphisa evela ezibalweni zelebhu ye-Calypso iphakamisa ukuthi kusetshenziswe ama-alpha acid ayo aphezulu ekubabayo kwangaphambi kwesikhathi. Ukwakheka kukawoyela we-hop, okucebile nge-myrcene ne-humulene, kuhlomula ekufakweni kwakamuva kanye nemithamo ye-dry-hop. Lokhu kuthuthukisa izithelo kanye ne-resin amanothi.

Lapho wenza amaresiphi, cabangela ukushesha okuvela ku-co-humulone futhi uvikele umlingiswa onephunga elimnandi. Gcina ama-hops ebanda futhi usebenzise amaqoqo amasha ngokugxuma okomile. Ukuqapha izibalo zelebhu ye-Calypso yeqoqo ngalinye kusiza ukubikezela ukusebenza kwayo kuzo zombili izindima ezibabayo nephunga.

Ukuvalwa kwekhoni eyodwa ye-Calypso hop ekhazimulayo ekukhanyeni okuthambile
Ukuvalwa kwekhoni eyodwa ye-Calypso hop ekhazimulayo ekukhanyeni okuthambile Ulwazi olwengeziwe

I-Calypso Hops Njengokuhlukahluka Kwezinjongo Ezimbili

I-calypso igqama njenge-hop enezinjongo ezimbili, iphumelela kakhulu kuzo zombili izigaba zokuqala nezakamuva zokuphisa. Ama-alpha acids ayo, asukela ku-12-16%, anika amandla abaphisi botshwala ukuthi bangeze umthamo obabayo obalulekile kusenesikhathi. Lokhu kuvumela ukulondolozwa kwenani elikhulu lezengezo zamuva, lapho ukunambitheka kwayo nephunga kungakhanya ngempela.

Ukuze uthole ubhiya ohlanzekile, abaphisi botshwala bangase bakhethe ukwengeza okubabayo okuncane. Okuqukethwe kwe-co-humulone, okungaba ngu-40% wengqikithi yama-alpha acid, kunganikeza ubukhali uma kusetshenziswe ngokweqile. Abaningi bakhetha ukusebenzisa i-Calypso kancane ezigabeni zokuqala ukuze bagweme lobu bukhali.

Ezigabeni zakamuva, iphunga nephunga le-Calypso lifika phambili. Okuqukethwe kwayo okuphelele kukawoyela, eduze kuka-2 mL/100g, kanye namazinga aphezulu e-myrcene afaka isandla ku-apula, ipheya, isithelo samatshe, namanothi e-lime. Lawa ma-flavour agcinwa kangcono uma amafutha aguquguqukayo egcinwa eqinile.

Amasu okuphisa asebenzayo ahlanganisa ukufakwa kwamathumba kokuqala, i-flameout evulekile noma i-whirlpool eyengeziwe, kanye nokwengezwa okuhlosiwe kwe-dry-hop noma ukuvutshelwa okusebenzayo. Le ndlela ithuthukisa ukuthela kwe-hop kuyilapho igcina ukubaba okulawulwayo.

  • Amathumba angaphambi kwesikhathi: umthamo omncane wokubaba okuyisisekelo.
  • I-Whirlpool/flameout: umthamo omkhulu wokukhipha ukunambitheka.
  • I-Dry-hop/i-fermentation esebenzayo: ingcono kakhulu kuphunga elikhanyayo namafutha aguquguqukayo.

Ukuguquguquka kwe-Calypso kuyenza ifanelekele izinhlobo eziningi zikabhiya, kusukela kuma-ales akhanyayo kuye kuma-IPA nobhiya bokuhlola. Ngokusebenzisa ngokucophelela isikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwayo, abaphisi botshwala bangakwazi ukufeza ukulingana okuphelele kokumunyu nephunga elimnandi emikhiqizweni yabo.

I-Calypso Hops Ngezitayela Zobhiya Ezidumile

Ama-calypso hop ahlukahlukene, angena ezitayeleni eziningi zikabhiya. Ziyindlela yama-Pale Ales nama-IPA, engeza amanothi esithelo setshe agqamile namakhabe ngaphandle kwe-citrus enamandla kakhulu. Ukuze bathuthukise lokhu kunambitha, abaphisi botshwala basebenzisa izengezo zeketela sekwephuzile, ama-whirlpool hops, noma izinyathelo ze-dry-hop kuma-IPA abo e-Calypso kanye ne-alles ephaphathekile.

Ama-IPA esitayela saseNew England azuza kumathoni athambile e-Calypso kanye nokuzwa komlomo okuyindilinga. Ayiphushi i-punch ye-tropical eyedlulele ebonwa ku-Citra noma ku-Mosaic. Esikhundleni salokho, kuvame ukuhlanganiswa ne-Mosaic, i-Citra, i-Ekuanot, noma i-Azacca ukuze kwakheke iphrofayili ye-tropical-citrus egcwele kakhulu kuyilapho kugcinwa inkungu kanye nosilika.

Uma isetshenziswa kumabhiya amnyama, iCalypso idinga isandla esilula. Yengeza amanothi aphezulu ezithelo ezimangazayo kuma-stouts noma ama-porters, ngokungafani nama-malt athosiwe. Lo mehluko uletha ubunkimbinkimbi, okusanhlamvu okugazingiwe kubusa nama-hops.

Iwayini lebhali lingomunye umdlalo omuhle kakhulu weCalypso, ngenxa yezimfanelo zayo ze-alpha neziphunga elimnandi. Izithako zakuqala zinikeza ukubaba, kuyilapho amanani akamuva noma ama-dry-hop enza isithelo esicebile esishintsha ngokuguga. Le hop yengeza ukujula kumgogodla we-malt we-high-gravity.

Ama-calypso saisons afanelekile ngokwemvelo kubaphisi botshwala abafuna umlingiswa we-peppery yeast enokuphakamisa izithelo ezintsha. Emaresiphi aqhutshwa yi-farmhouse, ama-saison e-Calypso anikeza ama-aromatics akhanyayo, alungele indlu yasepulazini ngaphandle kokweqa imvubelo.

Izitayela ze-Golden ales ne-hybrid zezwe elisha ziyazuza kusiginisha ye-Calypso ehlanzekile, enezithelo. Lezi zitayela zikhombisa ibhalansi yezinhlobonhlobo phakathi kokubaba nephunga, okuvumela abaphisi botshwala ukuthi benze obhiya abangaseshini abanezithelo ezicacile.

  • I-Pale Ale / I-Calypso i-pale ale: izithasiselo eziphuzile kanye nama-hops omile wephunga elimnandi eliya phambili.
  • I-IPA / Calypso IPA: i-whirlpool ne-dry-hop yephunga; izengezo zakuqala zokubaba okuhlanzekile.
  • I-NEIPA: hlanganisa nezinye izinhlobo zesimanje ukuze uphakamise izendlalelo ezishisayo nezisawolintshi.
  • I-Stout & Porter: ukusetshenziswa okuphephile ukwengeza amanothi ezithelo angalindelekile ngokumelene nokuthosiwe.
  • I-Barleywine: setshenziselwa ukubabayo nobudala obunamakha.
  • Ama-Saisons / Calypso saisons: bhanqa nemvubelo yendlu yasepulazini yezinhlamvu ezigqamile, ezinezinongo ezinezithelo.

Uma ukhetha i-Calypso yokupheka, cabangela indima yayo nesikhathi. Ukwengezwa kwasekuqaleni kunikeza isakhiwo, kuyilapho ukuthinta kamuva kuthuthukisa iphunga. I-hop efanayo ingaletha ukubaba, isithelo esiphakathi nendawo, noma amanothi aphezulu athambile, kuye ngokuthi yengezwe nini ku-wort noma ku-fermenter.

Amaresiphi e-Single-Hop afaka i-Calypso Hops

I-Calypso ikhanya ngobhiya be-single-hop, igqamisa amakha agqamile, anezithelo. Isisekelo semigqa emi-2 ephaphathekile noma i-pilsner malt ilungile, ivumela ingqikithi ye-hop ukuthi ibuse. I-Calypso SMaSH ibonisa amanothi epharele, i-apula, ne-lime, ne-resin encane.

Nge-Calypso single hop IPA, gxila ekwengezweni okungemuva kwesikhathi. Sebenzisa i-flameout noma i-whirlpool hops ukuze uthuthukise iphunga. Amapellets, i-lupulin powder, noma i-Cryo ingathuthukisa ukukhishwa. Isengezo esincane esibabayo emaminithini angu-60 sigcina ibhalansi, igcina izithelo ezithambile ze-hop.

Amasu e-dry-hopping athinta kakhulu iphunga likabhiya. Izengezo eziphuzile ngemva kokuvutshelwa zikhipha iphunga elimnandi kakhulu. Ukugxuma-gxuma kwangaphambi kwesikhathi, njengaku-NEIPA, nakho kungasebenza, kodwa izengezo zakamuva zivame ukuhlinzeka ngephunga elimnandi. Cabangela ukuhlukanisa izengezo ze-dry-hop ukuze wakhe izendlalelo zamanothi aphezulu amasha.

Nansi iresiphi elula ye-5-gallon Calypso single hop IPA: ihloselwe i-OG phakathi kuka-1.044 no-1.068. Sebenzisa i-9–12 lb ye-malt ephaphathekile, i-crystal malt encane yomzimba, futhi ulungise amanzi ukuze uthole iphrofayela ehlanzekile. Engeza inkokhiso encane ebabayo ngemizuzu engama-60, 2–4 g/L i-Calypso ku-whirlpool, kanye nezithako ezimbili ze-dry-hop ezingaba ngu-0.5–1 oz.

  • Ithiphu ye-SMaSH: Sebenzisa i-malt eyodwa efana ne-Crisp 2-row ene-hop eyodwa, ebizwa ngokuthi i-Calypso SMaSH, ukuze ufunde ukuhlukahluka kwezinhlobonhlobo.
  • I-Whirlpool: imizuzu engu-20–30 ku-175–185°F ikhiya kuma-ester ezithelo ngaphandle kwamanothi emifino amaningi.
  • Isikhathi se-Dry-hop: Izengezo zangemuva kokuvutshelwa zinikeza iphunga elimnandi lokunambitha nokupakisha.

Ukukala kuqondile. Khulisa izengezo ze-Calypso ngokulinganayo lapho ukhulisa kusuka kumalitha ayi-5 kuye kwayi-10. Nambitha njengoba uhamba. I-calypso ingaba nobuqili, ngakho-ke gxila kuma-malt ahlanzekile kanye nokugxumagxuma okulinganiselwe ukuze ubonise uhlamvu lwayo lwe-apula-pear-lime kunoma iyiphi iresiphi ye-hop eyodwa.

Eduze kwekhoni eyodwa ye-Calypso hop hop eluhlaza ekhazimulayo ekukhanyeni okuthambile
Eduze kwekhoni eyodwa ye-Calypso hop hop eluhlaza ekhazimulayo ekukhanyeni okuthambile Ulwazi olwengeziwe

Ukuhlanganisa kanye neHop Pairings neCalypso Hops

I-Calypso iyakhanya uma ingumdlali osekelayo. Yengeza amanothi acwebile kanye namapheya phakathi nendawo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, enye i-hop iletha amakha agqamile aphezulu. Leli su lidala izingxube ezigxilile, ezinezingqimba ezicacile kukho kokubili iphunga nokunambitheka.

Ukubhanqa okudumile kufaka phakathi i-Mosaic, i-Citra, i-Ekuanot, ne-Azacca. Lawa mahops akhethelwa ukuthuthukisa amawolintshi, ashisayo, namanothi anenhlaka ngaphezu kwesisekelo sezithelo zamatshe zeCalypso. Ndawonye, bakha isisekelo esiqinile sama-ales amaningi aphaphatheka nama-IPA.

  • Sebenzisa i-Citra noma i-Mosaic ukuze wengeze i-citrus ne-tropical punch kuyilapho i-Calypso igcwalisa i-midrange.
  • Khetha i-Ekuanot ye-herbal ne-green complexity ukuze uqhathanise ukuthela kwe-Calypso.
  • Khetha i-Azacca ukuze uthuthukise amanothi kamango nawephayinaphu ahlangana nethoni ye-Calypso yezithelo zamatshe.

Ama-hop amancane angengeza ukujula ekuhlanganiseni. I-Cascade ne-Galena iletha amawolintshi akudala kanye nesakhiwo esibabayo. U-Huell Melon no-Belma bathula ukuthinta kwekhabe namajikijolo okunanela iphrofayela ye-Calypso. Lezi zinketho zandisa iphalethi yokumataniswa kobuciko be-Calypso hop.

Lapho wenza iresiphi, qinisa i-midrange nge-Calypso. Ibhanqe ne-tropical hop egqamile noma i-citrus hop ukuze uthole amanothi aphezulu. Faka i-humulene-rich hop noma i-hop ebabayo ukuze ungeze ukujula. Le bhalansi igcina ubhiya uphila ngaphandle kokuvumela i-hop eyodwa ibuse.

Kwabaphisi botshwala abafuna ama-hops angcono kakhulu nge-Calypso, hlola amamiksi e-dry-hop asezingeni elincane ngezilinganiso ezihlukene. Ukuhlukaniswa okungu-70/30 okuvuna uzakwethu okhanyayo kuvame ukugqamisa amanothi aphezulu. Imiksi engu-50/50 iletha ukudlala okuningi. Izilingo zokunambitha zizoveza ukuthi yiziphi izingxube ze-Calypso ezifanelana nemigomo yakho yeresiphi.

Ukushintsha Uma I-Calypso Hops Ingatholakali

Uma i-Calypso ingafinyeleleki, khetha enye indawo ye-Calypso ngokufanisa umsebenzi kuqala. Nquma ukuthi udinga yini i-hop enezinjongo ezimbili yokumunyu nephunga noma okungeziwe kwephunga elimnandi. I-Galena kanye ne-Cascade yizinketho ezinokwethenjelwa lapho ukubaba nezithelo ezisawolintshi noma amatshe-izithelo kubalulekile.

Lungisa amanani ku-akhawunti yama-alpha acid. I-Calypso ivamise ukusebenzisa u-12–16% we-alpha. Uma usebenzisa i-Galena noma i-Cascade nge-alpha ephansi, khulisa isisindo ukuze ufinyelele ama-IBU akho aqondiwe. Uma esikhundleni sakho kune-alpha ephezulu, yehlisa umthamo ukuze ugweme ukufutheka okweqile.

Ukuze uthole iphunga elimnandi elincike kukhabe, ipheya, noma isithelo samatshe, cabangela i-Huell Melon noma i-Belma. Lawa mahops afanayo neCalypso aletha ama-fruity ester Brewers. Wasebenzise ngasekupheleni kwamathumba, ngesikhathi se-whirlpool, noma ku-hop eyomile ukuze ulondoloze ama-aromatics athambile.

Ukushintshwa okuhlanganisiwe kungaveza ukufana okuseduze kunokushintshaniswa okukodwa. Hlanganisa i-hop egxile ngokubabayo efana ne-Galena ne-hop egxile ephunga elimnandi njenge-Huell Melon ukuze udale kabusha umgogodla we-Calypso onama-resinous kanye namanothi aphezulu e-apula/ipheya/elime.

  • Fanisa ngomsebenzi: khetha i-double-purpose noma i-aroma hop kuqala.
  • I-akhawunti yama-alpha acid: lungisa isisindo ukuze ufinyelele kuma-IBU.
  • Sebenzisa izengezo sekwephuzile noma ukweqa okomile ukuze uthwebule iphunga.
  • Hlanganisa ama-hops lapho uhlobo olulodwa lungeke luhlanganise kokubili izidingo ezibabayo nephunga.

Gcina okulindelwe kungokoqobo. Indawo ye-Calypso hop izolingana neyangempela kodwa ngeke ifane. Hlola amaqoqo amancane, ukulungisa kwamanothi, futhi ulungise izilinganiso zakho ukuze uthole iphrofayela oyifunayo.

Ukusebenzisa i-Calypso Lupulin Powder kanye namafomu e-Cryo

I-Calypso lupulin powder kanye nemikhiqizo ye-Cryo egxilile efana ne-Calypso Cryo ne-Calypso LupuLN2 iminyanisa amafutha e-hop nezindlala ze-lupulin. Abahlinzeki abafana ne-Yakima Chief Hops, BarthHaas (Lupomax), ne-Hopsteiner banikeza lawa mafomethi. Banikeza abaphisi botshwala into ehlanzekile, enephunga elimnandi uma kuqhathaniswa namapellets.

Sebenzisa i-lupulin powder lapho iphunga libaluleke kakhulu khona. Izengezo ze-Whirlpool kanye ne-dry-hop zizuza kakhulu kumafutha agxilile anento encane yemifino. Lokhu kubangela amanothi ezithelo agqamile futhi kunciphise ukubaba kwamaqabunga kubhiya osuphelile.

Lungisa umthamo we-lupulin wehle. Ngenxa yokuthi impushana igxilile, qala cishe kuhhafu wesisindo ongasisebenzisela izithasiselo ze-pellet ukuze ushaye umgomo ofanayo wephunga. Landelela iphunga, inkungu, kanye nokuthutha uwoyela kuwo wonke amaqoqo ukuze wenze ngcono amanani esistimu yakho.

  • Inzuzo yokusebenza: isilinganiso esiphezulu sikawoyela ukuya kubuningi sithuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-hop ekwengezweni kwakamuva.
  • Ithiphu yokubamba: hlanganisa ngobumnene ukuze ugweme ukulahlekelwa uthuli futhi uqinisekise nokusatshalaliswa kwe-wort noma i-fermenter.
  • Ukuqapha: qaphela ukwanda kwenkungu noma uwoyela kubhiya obomile kanye nesikhathi sokuxhumana.

Uma ushintshanisa ama-pellets e-Calypso nge-Calypso Cryo noma i-LupuLN2, sika ubukhulu bese ugxila esikhathini. I-whirlpool ephuzile ngo-160–180°F kanye namafasitela e-dry-hop yamahora angu-24–72 aveza izingxenye ezishisayo nezisawolintshi ngaphandle kokukhipha izinhlanganisela zemifino ezinokhahlo.

Izivivinyo ezincane zisebenza kangcono ngaphambi kokukala. Idosi ekukhuleni okukaliwe futhi ibhale izinguquko zezinzwa. Ukufakwa kwe-lupulin ngendlela efanele kanye nomkhiqizo olungile we-Cryo kuvumela abaphisi botshwala bagcizelele amaphunga esiginesha e-Calypso kuyilapho begcina ukubaba nemifino kumisiwe.

Ukuvalwa okukhulu kwempushana yegolide ye-Calypso lupulin enokwakheka kwembudumbudu okuhle
Ukuvalwa okukhulu kwempushana yegolide ye-Calypso lupulin enokwakheka kwembudumbudu okuhle Ulwazi olwengeziwe

I-Hop Schedule Strategies ye-Calypso Hops

Qala ngeshejuli ye-Calypso hop eqinile, ugweme amathumba amade, ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Le ndlela isiza ekulondolozeni amanothi e-apula, amapheya, nomcako emafutheni ashisayo eCalypso. Sebenzisa izengezo ezibabayo ezincane emizuzwini engama-60 noma umthamo owodwa olinganisiwe ukuze uzuze ama-IBU aqondiwe ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa iphunga.

Lungisa amanani ababayo ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-alpha acid ye-Calypso, ngokuvamile okungu-12–16%. Umthamo wangaphambi kwesikhathi omncane uletha ngempumelelo ama-IBU, ugwema ukulunywa okuqinile kwe-co-humulone. Gada ama-IBU akho futhi unambithe inqwaba yomshayeli ngaphambi kokukhuphula.

Gxila kwezengezo ze-flameout ne-whirlpool Calypso ukuze uthole iphunga elimnandi. Engeza ama-hops at flameout, bese uphumuza wort ku-170-180 ° F imizuzu engu-10-30. I-Whirlpool yokukhipha amafutha ngaphandle kokushisa okude, igqamisa izithelo namanothi e-citrus.

Hlela isikhathi sakho se-hop esomile ngokusekelwe kumigomo yesitayela. I-dry-hop yendabuko yangemuva kokuvutshelwa inikeza ama-aromatics ahlanzekile, agqamile. Ngokwesitayela se-NEIPA, i-hop eyomile ngesikhathi sokuvutshelwa okusebenzayo, cishe ngosuku olungu-3, ukuze uthole inkungu ehlukile nomuzwa womlomo.

Sebenzisa i-dry-hopping ukuze wakhe inkimbinkimbi. Hlukanisa i-hop eyomile ngokuphelele ibe izengezo ezi-2-3 ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Le ndlela inciphisa uhlamvu olunotshani futhi yakhe amanothi aphezulu angama-nuanced. Iphinde ilawule ukuhlukahluka kokuqina kwe-hop kusukela ekuvuneni kuya ekuvuneni.

  • Gcina izengezo ezinkulu sekwephuzile: i-flameout ne-whirlpool Calypso isebenza kangcono ekunukeni.
  • Nciphisa ubilisi we-Calypso ukuze ulinganise izincezu ezibabayo lapho kudingeka.
  • Nquma isikhathi esomile se-hop ucabanga ngesitayela: kusenesikhathi ukuze uthole imiphumela ye-NEIPA, kamuva ukuze uthole ama-aromatics acacile.
  • Hlukanisa ama-hops omile ukuze wenze ungqimba oluyinkimbinkimbi futhi ugweme amanothi angekho emifino.

Bhala ishejuli ye-Calypso hop eqondile yomgijimi ngamunye kanye nesikhathi esomile se-hop. Izinguquko ezincane kuzinga lokushisa lokuphumula, isikhathi sokuxhumana, nenani le-hop lithinta kakhulu iphunga. Amarekhodi angaguquguquki avumela ukucwengwa kweresiphi kuyilapho kulondolozwa ukunambitheka okuyingqayizivele kwe-Calypso.

Ukuphatha Umunyu Nokulinganisela nge-Calypso

Umunyu we-calypso uvame ukuchazwa njengokusheshayo, ngenxa yama-alpha acid ayo kanye nomthelela we-co-humulone eduze kwama-38-42%. Abaphisi botshwala bathola unqenqema olucijile lapho besebenzisa i-Calypso kakhulu ekufakweni kwamathumba okuqala.

Ukuze uthambisa lokhu kuluma, lungisa i-malt bill. Ukwengeza i-base malt eyengeziwe noma ukuthinta kwe-dextrin malt kukhulisa ubumnandi obuyinsalela. Lokhu kushelela umunyu obonakalayo. Umzimba ogcwele futhi wehlisa ubukhali ngaphandle kokufihla umlingiswa we-hop.

Isikhathi se-Hop sibalulekile ekulinganiseni ama-Calypso hop. Hambisa ingxenye enkulu ye-Calypso uyise izengezo zegedlela sekwephuzile noma ze-whirlpool. Nciphisa imithamo ye-Calypso yokuqala wort kanye namathumba okuqala. Sebenzisa i-hop ebabayo engathathi hlangothi kuma-IBU.

  • Sebenzisa i-low-cohumulone bittering hop ukuze uthwale inqwaba yama-IBU.
  • Gcina i-Calypso ukuze uthole iphunga nama-flavour hops aphuzile.
  • Cabangela ukweqa okomile kancane ukuze ugcizelele amanothi anezithelo kuyilapho ukhawulela ukumunyu.

Uma ubala ama-IBU, khumbula amandla aphezulu e-Calypso. Ngezitayela eziya phambili ngephunga, hlose ukuthola ama-IBU amaningi kuma-neutral hop. Vumela i-Calypso inikeze ukunambitheka. Le ndlela igcina umthelela we-co-humulone ekulawuleni ulwanga.

Uma uhlanganisa, hlanganisa i-Calypso nezinhlobo ezibushelelezi njenge-Mosaic noma i-Hallertau Blanc. Lezi zinamaphrofayili e-co-humulone aphansi. Le ndlela ilondoloza amanothi e-Calypso ayingqayizivele kuyilapho idala ukucasuka okulinganiselwe kanye nesiphetho esijabulisayo.

Isitoreji, Okusha kanye Nokuphatha Hop kweCalypso

Ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi ye-Calypso hop kuqala ngokugcinwa okufanele. Vacuum-seal noma vala kabusha ama-pellets esikhwameni se-oxygen-barrier ukuze ugcine ubusha. Kugcine esiqandisini noma efrijini ku-32–50°F ukuze ubambezele ukuwohloka kwama-alpha acid namafutha. Zibeke ezingeni lokushisa legumbi kuphela isikhashana lapho ulungiselela ukuphiswa.

Njalo hlola i-Calypso HSI ukuze ulinganise ukusebenziseka kwama-hops. I-HSI ephakathi kuka-0.30–0.35 ikhombisa ukuthi zisesimweni esifanele, njengoba zihlangabezane nokuwohloka okuthile ngenxa yezinyanga ezisezingeni lokushisa elivamile. Ama-hop amasha azothuthukisa iphunga ne-flavour ku-brew yakho, enze izengezo ze-dry-hop ne-whirlpool zibe nempilo.

Lapho uphatha ama-pellets kanye nezimpushana ze-lupulin, qaphela ukuvimbela i-oxidation. Sebenza ngokushesha, khetha ukudluliswa komoya-mpilo omncane uma kungenzeka, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi amaphakheji ahlala evaliwe phakathi kokusetshenziswa. Ukwengeza i-lupulin noma imikhiqizo ye-cryo sekwephuzile kwenqubo yokuphisa kusiza ukulondoloza amafutha aguquguqukayo futhi kwandise iphunga elimnandi.

Uma usebenzisa amafomu agxilile, ukunemba kubalulekile. Imikhiqizo ye-high-alpha Calypso ne-lupulin idinga izengezo ezincane, ezinembile ukuze kugwenywe ukubaba okukhulu noma iphunga elimnandi. Sebenzisa isikali esilinganisiwe ukuze uthole izilinganiso ezinembile, njengoba isisindo sithembeke kakhulu kunevolumu ukuze uthole imiphumela engaguquki.

  • Khetha isivuno esisha kakhulu esingase sibe nesengezo esigxile ephunga elimnandi.
  • Uma kusetshenziswa amahops amadala, khulisa kancane ubungako noma uhlanganise namahops amasha ukuze ubuyisele uhlamvu olulahlekile.
  • Gcina noma iyiphi inkatho eyisipele efrijini ukuze ugcine i-Calypso HSI iphansi futhi ulondoloze ubusha be-hop.

Ukusebenzisa izindlela ezilula kungathuthukisa kakhulu imiphumela yakho yokuphisa. Lebula amaphakheji anedethi yokuvuna kanye ne-HSI uma etholakala. Zungezisa isitoko sakho ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ama-hop amadala asetshenziswa kuqala. Le mikhuba izokusiza ukuthi ugcine ama-Calypso hop ngempumelelo, ulondoloze ubusha bawo kubhiya wakho.

Izibonelo Zezohwebo kanye Nezifundo Ze-Homebrew Calypso

Izinkampani eziningi ezikhiqiza utshwala zibonise umthelela we-Calypso kumabhiya omhlaba wangempela. Bagqamisa umlingiswa wayo ogqamile, oqhutshwa izithelo. U-Boulevard Saison Brett kanye noJack's Abby Excess IPL bayizibonelo eziphambili. Lawa mabhiya anikeza umehluko phakathi kwe-ale yesitayela se-farmhouse kanye ne-IBU IPL ephezulu.

I-Boulevard Saison Brett isebenzisa ama-hops ukuze ithuthukise amanothi epheya kanye ne-citrus endaweni eyomile. U-Jack's Abby, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ulinganisa ukumunyu ngomgogodla ohlanzekile we-malt. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuguquguquka kwe-Calypso kukho kokubili ama-aromatics nokumunyu.

Ucwaningo lwecala olubhalwe phansi lomkhiqizi wekhaya luhlinzeka ngemininingwane ebonakalayo. Bakha ubhiya we-SMaSH ngeCalypso, besebenzisa u-13.7% we-alpha-acid hops. Ukwengezwa kokuqala kwaba ingcosana ekuqaleni kwethumba. Iningi lama-hops lingezwe e-flameout, kanti u-0.25 oz ubekelwe ukugxuma okomile.

Ukugxuma okomile ngosuku lwesithathu lokuvutshelwa kwenyusa inkungu kanye nephunga elimnandi elinciphe kancane. Abanambithayo baphawule iphunga le-honeydew namapheya, ukunambitheka kwepentshisi elimhlophe, ubumuncu obunotshani obunotshani, kanye nesiphetho se-pine-sap.

Impendulo evela ocwaningweni lwecala iphakamisa ukuthi i-Calypso ihlangana kangcono namanye amahops. Abaningi bakuthola kulinganisela uma kuhlanganiswe ne-Mosaic, El Dorado, noma i-Citra. Le nhlanganisela yenza iphrofayili yayo ye-apula-pear-lime.

Ngokwezentengiselwano, iCalypso ibekwe endaweni yabaphisi botshwala abafuna amanothi kagesi, adlulisela izithelo anomunyu omkhulu. Ama-breweries ayisebenzisela ukuzuza ama-apula, amapheya, namaphunga e-lime ngenkathi egcina ukwakheka ngama-IBU.

Kwabaphisi botshwala, ukuqhathanisa i-Saison ne-IPL kungaveza umehluko ekukhulumeni. Abakhiqizi basekhaya bangazama ukuhlukahluka kwesikhathi se-dry-hop kanye nezilingo zokuhlanganisa ukuze bathuthukise ukuphakama okunephunga elimnandi kumabhiya abo e-SMaSH.

Umhlahlandlela Owusizo Wokuthenga we-Calypso Hops e-United States

Uma useshela amahophu e-Calypso, qala ngokuvakashela abathengisi be-hop asebekhulile kanye nabathengisi abakhulu abaku-inthanethi. Izitolo ze-Homebrew nezimakethe zezwe lonke ngokuvamile zibhala i-Calypso ngonyaka wezitshalo. Ungathola futhi i-Calypso hops US ngokusebenzisa abathengisi abakhethekile, abahlinzeki abakhulu abakhiqiza utshwala bezandla, nezinkundla ezifana ne-Amazon uma zitholakala.

Nquma ngefomu lomkhiqizo elihambisana nezidingo zakho zokuphisa. I-Calypso pellets ilungele ukusetshenziswa kweketela ne-dry-hop. Ama-hops e-whole-cone, nakuba engavamile, ahlinzekela amasiko. Kulabo abafuna iphunga elimnandi nokungezwa okuncane, bheka i-Calypso lupulin ethengiswayo, okuhlanganisa imikhiqizo ye-Cryo kanye ne-lupulin yokuhweba egxile kubalimi abathembekile.

Njalo hlola iphakheji ngaphambi kokuthenga. Qinisekisa ukuthi ihlanganisa unyaka wokuvuna kanye ne-alpha acid elinganisiwe ukukala ubusha nokubaba. Khetha amaphakethe ane-vacuum-sealed noma ane-nitrogen-flushed ukuze ulondoloze amafutha abalulekile. Uma ungabaza, qala ngamanani amancane wesivivinyo ngaphambi kokuzibophezela kumanani amakhulu.

Uma uqhathanisa abahlinzeki be-Calypso hop, cabangela isivinini sokulethwa, ukuphatha isitoreji, nezinqubomgomo zokubuyisela. Abahlinzeki bendawo bavame ukuba nenkatho entsha phakathi nesizini. Abasabalalisi kazwelonke, ngakolunye uhlangothi, bangahlinzeka ngamanani amakhulu kanye nokuhlinzeka okungaguquki phakathi kokuvuna. Khumbula ukufakazela ngesikhathi sokuthumela lapho uhlela izengezo sekwephuzile noma ukugxuma okumile.

  • Hlola unyaka wokunqampuna kanye ne-alpha acid kulebula.
  • Thenga iphakheji evalwe ngevacuum noma ene-nitrogen.
  • Oda izivivinyo ezincane kuqala uma uzama umphakeli omusha.

Oda amanani asekelwe efomini namandla amahops. I-Calypso ivamise ukuba nama-alpha acid aphezulu asukela ku-12-16%. Sebenzisa lolu lwazi ukukala ubumunyu kanye nama-IBU. I-Lupulin igxile idinga cishe uhhafu womthamo wama-pellets ukuze uthole umphumela ofanayo wephunga, ngakho-ke lungisa ama-oda akho uma ubona i-Calypso lupulin iyathengiswa.

Ukuze uthole iqoqo elingamalitha angu-5, bheka izindlela zokupheka ze-single-hop ukuze uthole izengezo eziphuzile nezisindo ezomile ze-hop. Qala ngamanani e-dry-hop alandelanayo futhi ulungise ngokusekelwe kusitayela. Lapho uhlela iziphuzo ezinkulu, thenga okwengeziwe ukuze uvumele ukulungiswa kweresiphi kanye nokulahlekelwa ngesikhathi sokudlulisa.

Amanani nokutholakala kuyashintshashintsha ngokuvunwa kanye nesidingo. Ukugijima kwesizini kungaholela ekutheni umthengisi oyedwa afake kuhlu lwamapellets e-Calypso kuyilapho omunye enikeza i-Cryo lupulin. Londoloza uhlu lwabahlinzeki be-Calypso hop abathembekile futhi uqaphe uhlu lwamagama ngesikhathi sewindi lokuvuna ukuze uvikele ama-hops amasha kabhiya wakho.

Vala amakhoni e-Calypso hop aluhlaza anama-trellise amade nemigqa ye-hop ngemuva.
Vala amakhoni e-Calypso hop aluhlaza anama-trellise amade nemigqa ye-hop ngemuva. Ulwazi olwengeziwe

Amathiphu Okuthuthukisa Iresiphi kanye Nokukala nge-Calypso

Qala ngokusungula isisekelo esihlanzekile se-malt. Lokhu kuvumela amaphunga ezithelo ze-Calypso ukuba avelele. Khetha amarowu angu-2 aphaphathekile, ama-pilsner, noma ama-malt akhethekile. Khumbula ukufaka ama-dextrin ukuze uthole umzimba owengeziwe uma kudingeka.

Uma ubeka okuqondiwe kokumunyu, cabangela ama-alpha acid e-Calypso aphezulu kanye ne-co-humulone. Ukuze uthole ukubaba okuthambile, nciphisa izengezo zeketela zakuqala. Esikhundleni salokho, gxila ku-whirlpool noma izigaba ze-dry-hop ukuze uthole ukunambitheka okugqame kakhudlwana.

  • Sebenzisa izengezo ze-whirlpool emazingeni okushisa aphakathi kuka-170-180°F. Le ndlela ikhipha amafutha ngokuphumelelayo ngenkathi inciphisa ukunambitheka kwemifino.
  • Hlukanisa izengezo ze-dry-hop ukuze uthuthukise izendlalelo zephunga futhi unciphise amanothi anotshani.
  • Linga nge-post-fermentation dry-hop ngokumelene ne-fermentation dry-hop yangaphambi kwesikhathi. Ukuvutshelwa kwangemuva kunganikeza amakha aqinile, kuyilapho ukuvutshelwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kunikeza iphrofayili ye-ester ethambile.

Ukukala amanani eresiphi ye-Calypso kudinga ukubala kabusha izisindo ze-hop ukuze kugcinwe ama-IBU. Ngamafomu e-lupulin noma e-cryo, qala cishe ingxenye yesisindo se-pellet. Ukulungiswa kufanele kusekelwe ekuhlolweni kwephunga.

Cabangela ukuhlanganisa i-Calypso ne-Citra, i-Mosaic, i-Ekuanot, noma i-Azacca ukuze uthuthukise amanothi asezindaweni ezishisayo nesawolintshi. Amaqoqo amancane okuhlola abalulekile ukuze kucwengwe izilinganiso ngaphambi kokukhushulwa.

  • Uma ukufutheka kubonakala kunzima kakhulu, nciphisa ukungezwa kweketela noma ukhuphule ama-dextrinous malts.
  • Ukuze uthuthukise iphunga, qinisekisa ukusha kwe-hop, ukhuphule i-dry-hop mass, noma ushintshele kumafomu e-lupulin/cryogenic.
  • Lapho ukala, qapha izinguquko zokusetshenziswa kwe-hop. Amagedlela amakhulu kanye namazinga e-trub ahlukahlukene angaba nomthelela kuma-IBU abonakalayo.

Gcina irekhodi lotshwala elinemininingwane ukuze ulandelele ukulungiswa. Rekhoda izinombolo ze-hop lot, amaphesenti e-alpha, isikhathi se-dry-hop, kanye nefomu elisetshenzisiwe. Le ndlela yenza kube lula ukukala kusuka ekuhlolweni kwegaloni elingu-1 kuye kwezingu-10 zemiphongolo.

Sebenzisa lawa macebiso eresiphi ye-Calypso ukuze uthuthukise ubhiya nge-Calypso ngendlela ethembeke kakhudlwana. Izinguquko ezincane, eziphindaphindayo kanye nokuhlolwa kwezinzwa kuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlamvu lwezithelo olugqamile lwe-hop luhlala lugqamile ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ibhalansi kabhiya.

Isiphetho

Isifinyezo se-Calypso hops: I-Calypso iwuhlobo lweHopsteiner oluzalelwe e-US owaziwa ngama-alpha acid aphezulu kanye namaphunga amnandi. Inikeza amanothi e-apula, ipheya, izithelo zamatshe, kanye nomcako. Le hop enezinjongo ezimbaxambili iguquguquka, ilungele kokubili okubabayo kanye nokungezwa sekwephuzile, okuvumela abaphisi botshwala ukuthi bahlole iketela ukuya endaweni yokubilisa.

Uma usebenzisa i-Calypso hops, lindela amanothi ezithelo aqhakazile aboniswa kahle ngokuphathwa ngokucophelela. Izindlela ezingcono kakhulu ze-Calypso zihlanganisa ukubeka phambili ukusha kanye nokugcinwa okufanele ukuze kugcinwe uwoyela oguquguqukayo. Ukwengezwa kwakamuva kanye ne-dry-hopping, noma ukusebenzisa i-lupulin powder namafomu e-cryo, kuyanconywa ukuze kuthwebule ama-aromatics anezithelo.

E-United States, hlola unyaka wokuvuna kanye nezinombolo ze-alpha lapho uthenga. Thatha i-lupulin cishe engxenyeni yesisindo se-pellets kanye nezindlela zokupheka zesikali nge-alpha lapho ukhuphula usayizi weqoqo. Ukuze uthole amaphrofayili agcwele ezindawo ezishisayo nesawolintshi, hlanganisa i-Calypso ne-Mosaic, i-Citra, i-Ekuanot, noma i-Azacca. Ngenkathi i-Calypso ingakhanya kukwakhiwa kwe-single-hop, ivamise ukwenza kahle kakhulu ekuhlanganisweni kobunzima bongqimba.

Sebenzisa lezi zindlela ezisebenzayo zokuthatha kanye namasu okuphisa okuxoxwe ngawo lapha ukuze uzame. Thola indima ekahle ye-Calypso kubhiya bakho.

Ukufunda Okuqhubekayo

Uma ukujabulele lokhu okuthunyelwe, ungaphinda uthande lezi ziphakamiso:


Yabelana ku-BlueskyYabelana ku-FacebookYabelana ku-LinkedInYabelana ku-TumblrYabelana ku-XYabelana ku-LinkedInPhina ku-Pinterest

John Miller

Mayelana Nombhali

John Miller
UJohn ungumdidiyeli wotshwala wasekhaya oshisekayo onolwazi lweminyaka eminingi kanye nokuvutshelwa okungamakhulu ambalwa ngaphansi kwebhande lakhe. Uthanda zonke izitayela zikabhiya, kodwa abaseBelgium abaqinile banendawo ekhethekile enhliziyweni yakhe. Ngaphezu kobhiya, ubuye enze i-mead ngezikhathi ezithile, kodwa ubhiya uyisithakazelo sakhe esiyinhloko. Uyi-blogger eyisivakashi lapha ku-miklix.com, lapho ezimisele ukwabelana ngolwazi lwakhe nolwazi ngazo zonke izici zobuciko basendulo bokwenza utshwala.

Izithombe ezikuleli khasi zingase zibe yimifanekiso ekhiqizwe ngekhompuyutha noma izilinganiso futhi azizona izithombe zangempela. Izithombe ezinjalo zingaqukatha okungalungile futhi akufanele zithathwe njengezilungile ngokwesayensi ngaphandle kokuqinisekiswa.