AmaHops Ekuphiseni Ubhiya: Janus

Eduze kwamakhoni e-Janus hop namaqabunga akhanyiswe ukukhanya kwelanga okusagolide okufudumele nengemuva lemvelo elifiphele. Ulwazi olwengeziwe

Lesi sihloko sihlola amandla ayingqayizivele ka-Janus hops okudala ukunambitheka kobhiya okuhlukile. Ukusebenzisa u-Janus ekwenzeni utshwala kungaba nomthelela ebhalansini ye-alpha ne-beta acid, ukwakheka kukawoyela obalulekile, kanye nephunga lokugcina. Sizocubungula umlando wayo, ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali, i-agronomy, ukucubungula, ukugcinwa, ukuthuthukiswa kweresiphi, kanye nezicelo zokuphisa utshwala ngqo.

Okuthathwayo Okubalulekile

• I-Janus hops ithatha indawo ecacile phakathi kwama-hops lapho kwenziwa ubhiya njengohlobo oluhlukahlukene.
• Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Janus hop zifakwe ohlwini lwezinhlelo zokuzalanisa ezinkulu, ezibonisa ukuhambisana kocwaningo.
• Ukuphisa nge-Janus kuthinta ukubaba nephunga ngenxa yama-alpha/beta acids kanye namafutha abalulekile.
• Izigaba ezizayo zizoba nemininingwane nge-agronomy, isitoreji, namathiphu eresiphi ukuze kukhuliswe ukusebenza kuka-Janus.
• Abafundi bazothola ukuqhathanisa okusebenzayo nezinhlobo ze-hop ezidumile nezibonelo zomhlaba wangempela.

Uhlolojikelele lweHops ekuphiseni ubhiya

Amahops adlala indima ebalulekile kubhiya, enza imisebenzi emithathu ebalulekile. Zethula umunyu ngokukhipha ama-alpha acid ngesikhathi sokubilisa. Ukwengeza, zengeza ukunambitheka nephunga elimnandi ngamafutha abalulekile, ikakhulukazi uma engezwe sekwephuzile noma esetshenziselwa ukugxuma okomile. Okokugcina, ama-hops asebenza njengama-antimicrobial agents kanye neziqinisi, avikela ikhwalithi kabhiya.

Abadidiyeli botshwala bahlukanisa ama-hops ukuze benze izinqumo zamaresiphi zibe lula. Amahops ababayo, anokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-alpha-acid, afakwa kusenesikhathi ukuze kuzuzwe ukubaba okufunayo. Ama-aroma hop, anothe ngamafutha abalulekile, ayengezwa kamuva ukuze kuthuthukiswe iphunga likabhiya. Amahops asebenzisa kabili anikeza ibhalansi, elungele kokubili okubabayo nokwengeza iphunga.

• Imisebenzi ye-Hop: lawula ukubaba, unikele ukunambitheka nephunga, futhi usize ukuqina kukabhiya.
• Ama-hops ahlabayo: akhethelwe okuqukethwe kwe-alpha-asidi okubikezelwe nokubaba okuhlanzekile.
• Ama-aroma hops: aziswa kakhulu nge-citrus, izimbali, izinongo, noma amanothi anenhlaka lapho engezwa sekwephuzile.
• Amahops asebenzisa kabili: avumelana nezimo kubaphisi botshwala abafuna uhlobo olulodwa ukuze lufeze izinjongo eziningi.

Ukuphuza utshwala ngendlela ephumelelayo kuncike ekuqondiseni imisebenzi ye-hop nesitayela nemigomo kabhiya. Ama-IPA aseMelika avamise ukusebenzisa amahops ababayo we-alpha anezithasiselo eziningi ze-dry-hop ukuze uthole iphunga. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-ales ase-Belgian angase asebenzise ama-low-alpha aroma hops ukuze agweme ukufutheka okuqinile futhi agqamise amafutha athambile. Ukuqonda lezi zigaba kusiza abaphisi botshwala ukuthi bahlele okuqondiwe kwe-alpha-acid, bahlele iminikelo ye-IBU, futhi bakhethe ama-hops okuqeda ngephunga abalifunayo.

Lokhu kubuka konke kusetha isiteji sika-Janus phakathi kwalezi zigaba. Ilungiselela abafundi ukuhlola okujulile kokwakheka nokusebenza kwayo ezigabeni ezilandelayo.

Umlando kanye Nokuzalanisa Izinhlobonhlobo zeHop

Izinhlobo zesimanje ze-hop ziye zavela emakhulwini eminyaka, ngenxa yokukhethwa ngokucophelela kwe-hop kanye nokuzalanisa okuhlosiwe. Izimila zakuqala ezifana ne-Fuggle ne-Brewer's Gold zabeka isisekelo. Abazalanisi babe sebenweba lezi zisekelo zofuzo ngokusebenzisa iziphambano nokukhetha izithombo.

Amasu anjengokuvuzwa kwempova okuvulekile, iziphambano ezilawulwayo, nokuphindwa kabili kwe-chromosome asetshenziswa. Lezi zindlela zibhalwe kumarekhodi e-USDA kanye ne-Oregon State University hops. Bachaza kabanzi umzali kanye nozalo lwezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-hop.

Amarekhodi asuka kuqoqo le-USDA/OSU hop germplasm agqamisa umthelela wegolide leBrewer emigqeni ye-alpha ephezulu. I-Fuggle, kanye nokuphuma kwayo kwe-tetraploid, kwaholela ekudaleni inzalo ye-triploid efana ne-Columbia ne-Willamette. Lezi zathuthukiswa ngeziphambano ezilawulwayo, njengeziphambano ezingu-6761.

Izinjongo zokuzalanisa ziye zashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ekuqaleni, kwakugxilwe ekwandiseni ama-alpha acid okubabayo. Kamuva, abafuyi bahlose ukuthola amaphrofayili angcono wephunga elimnandi nokuqina kwesitoreji. Ukumelana nezifo ku-downy mildew kanye ne-verticillium kwaba semqoka ekuvuneni okuthembekile kanye nekhwalithi.

Uhlelo lwe-Oregon State University hops kanye ne-USDA inventories kube semqoka ekulondolozeni ukuhlukahluka kwe-hop. Amaqoqo abo asekele ukukhethwa kwe-hop ngezici ezifiselekayo njengokungabi nambewu. Lezi zici zaziswa kakhulu abalimi nabaphisi botshwala.

UJanus ungumkhiqizo walo mlando wokuzalanisa. Izici zayo zibonisa amashumi eminyaka omsebenzi obhalwe ezindaweni zokugcina ze-germplasm zomphakathi kanye namanothi ohlelo lokuzalanisa.

UJanus uyagxuma

U-Janus usohlwini lwe-Oregon State University yokusungula njengengxenye yoHlelo Oluphezulu Lokuzalela I-Alpha Acid. Kuphawulwe ohlwini lwe-Janus OSU phakathi kwama-cultivar amaningi ase-US nakwamanye amazwe. Lokhu kubonisa ukufakwa kwayo okusemthethweni kumarekhodi omphakathi we-germplasm.

Okwamanje, amanothi atholakalayo awanikezi amanani aphelele e-chemotype. Ukuze uthole iphrofayela egcwele ye-Janus hops, abaphisi botshwala nabatshali kufanele babhekisele kuzinto ezinwetshiwe ze-OSU, okufakiwe kwe-USDA GRIN, noma amashidi obuchwepheshe omthengisi we-hop. Le mithombo inikela ngama-alpha acid, ama-beta acid, okuqukethwe kukawoyela, nezibalo ze-cohumulone.

Umongo wohlelo lokuzalanisa uphakamisa ukuthi i-Janus yasungulwa ngezinjongo ze-alpha acid ephezulu noma ukusetshenziswa kwezinhloso ezimbili. Lokhu kuhambisana nezinjongo ezijwayelekile zezinhlelo ze-alpha ephezulu. Bahlose ukuhlinzeka ngamandla okubabayo okuthembekile kuyilapho begcina insiza yephunga elimnandi.

Izici ze-Janus hop azibhalwanga ngokwengxenye kuzingcaphuno zomphakathi. Abantu abanentshisekelo kufanele baqinisekise izici zamanje ze-agronomic ezifana nesivuno, ukumelana nezifo, nokuzinza kwesitoreji. Lokhu kubalulekile ngaphambi koku-oda isitoko sembewu noma ukuklama izindlela zokupheka.

• Bheka uhlu lwe-Janus OSU ukuze uthole izihlonzi zokungena namanothi okuzalanisa.
• Cela ilebhu noma idatha yomthengisi ukuze uthole iphrofayela yakamuva ye-Janus hops.
• Qinisekisa izici ze-Janus hop ezifana nephrofayela kawoyela namaphesenti e-alpha ngaphambi kokusetshenziselwa ukuthengisa.

Abadayisi abahlela ukusebenzisa uJanus kufanele babheke amarekhodi atholakalayo njengesiqalo. Idatha yokuhlaziya eqinisekisiwe ibalulekile ekubunjweni nasezinqumweni ze-agronomy.

I-Alpha ne-Beta Acids: Okudingeka Bakwazi Abakhiqizi

Ama-alpha acid awumgogodla wamandla ahlabayo e-hop. Abadayisi bawasebenzisela ukubala ama-IBU, becabangela isikhathi samathumba, amandla adonsela phansi e-wort, namazinga okusetshenziswa. Izinhlobo ze-alpha eziphezulu zilungele ukubaba okugxilile, okuvumela ama-hops ambalwa ukufeza i-IBU oyifunayo.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-beta acid adlala indima eyingqayizivele. Azihlukanisi kahle ngesikhathi sokubilisa kodwa zinomthelela ekubabeni ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Imikhiqizo ye-oxidation evela kuma-beta acids ingethula amanothi aqinile uma ama-hops ehla, nokho aphinde anikeze izinzuzo zokulwa namagciwane.

I-Cohumulone, isethi engaphansi yama-alpha acid, ithonya kakhulu ukufutheka. Amaphesenti aphezulu e-cohumulone angabangela ukubaba okubukhali, okubuhlungu kakhulu. Ukuzalanisa kwesimanje kugxile ekulinganiseni i-cohumulone ukuze kuzuzwe amaphrofayili okumunyu abushelelezi.

• Igolide leBrewer: alpha acids ~9.2% (ububanzi obungu-7.1–11.3%), i-beta ~4.8% (3.3–6.1%), i-cohumulone ~39%.
• I-Fuggle: i-alpha ~5.1%, i-cohumulone ~27%.
• I-Willamette: i-alpha ~6.6%, i-cohumulone ~29–35%.

Ukuzinza kwesitoreji kubalulekile kukhemistri ebabayo ye-hop kanye nama-IBU okugcina. Ama-hops amadala afana ne-Brewer's Gold angase alahlekelwe amandla e-alpha-acid ngokushesha kunezinhlobo ezintsha. Ukugcinwa okufanele kuqinisekisa ukuthi ama-alpha acid nama-beta acid ahlala ezinzile, agcina ama-IBU angaguquki.

Ukuze ulawule ukubaba, kala ama-alpha acid ezitifiketini ze-hop futhi ulungise ngokufanele. Ukulandelela i-cohumulone kusiza ukuhlola ubungozi bobunzima. Ukuqonda i-hop chemistry kuyisihluthulelo sokuzuza ama-IBU afunekayo kanye nokubumba ukunambitheka kokugcina kukabhiya.

Umdwebo onemininingwane wekhoni ye-hop ebonisa izindlala ze-lupulin nama-alpha acid anenkundla ye-hop efiphele ngemuva Ulwazi olwengeziwe

Amafutha Abalulekile Namaphrofayili Ephunga

Amafutha abalulekile e-Hop ayisihluthulelo se-hop aroma brewers abahlose ngayo. Bangeza ama-hops ngasekupheleni kwamathumba, ngesikhathi se-whirlpool, noma njengama-hops omile. Lawa mafutha, akalwa njengamaphesenti noma ml/100 g, achaza iphunga nokunambitheka kukabhiya.

I-Myrcene inikela ngamanothi ane-resinous, citrusy, kanye nezindawo ezishisayo. I-Humulene iletha ukunambitheka kwamakhambi noma okokhuni. I-Caryophyllene ingeza amanothi ababayo, anopelepele. Amafutha amancane afana ne-farnesene athuthukisa izici zezimbali, agcwalise iphunga.

Idatha ye-OSU ne-USDA iveza ukuhluka okukhulu kumaphesenti kawoyela kuzo zonke izinhlobo ze-hop. Isibonelo, i-Brewer's Gold inamafutha angaba ngu-1.96 ml/100 g esewonke. I-Myrcene ibusa cishe ku-66.7%, i-humulene eduze kuka-11.3%, kanti i-caryophyllene cishe i-6.5%. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-Fuggle inowoyela ophansi, kanti i-myrcene ingu-43.4%, i-humulene 26.6%, ne-caryophyllene 9.1%.

I-Willamette iwela phakathi kwalezi zigaba, ingqikithi yamafutha azungeze u-0.8-1.2 ml/100 g. I-Myrcene isondele ku-51%, i-humulene icishe ibe ngu-21.2%, kanti i-caryophyllene isondele ku-7.4%. Amahops ajwayelekile afana ne-Hallertauer Mittelfrüh anesabelo esiphezulu se-humulene, adala iphunga elimnandi, elimnandi le-hop.

Abadayisi basebenzisa isilinganiso se-humulene-to-myrcene noma i-humulene-to-caryophyllene ukubikezela umlingiswa we-hop. Isilinganiso esiphezulu se-humulene siphakamisa amanothi acashile, e-herbal. I-myrcene ehamba phambili ithela izithelo ezisawolintshi ezikhanyayo nezinhlamvu ze-tropical.

Izinketho ezisebenzayo zokuphisa zincike kuphrofayili kawoyela we-hop. Njalo hlola ishidi lobuchwepheshe lika-Janus ukuze uthole amafutha abalulekile we-hop namaphesenti kawoyela ngaphambi kokuhlela okungeziwe. Izithako eziphuzile kanye ne-dry-hop zigcina amafutha aguquguqukayo njenge-myrcene, i-humulene, ne-caryophyllene. Lokhu kuvumela abaphisi botshwala ukuthi bacule kahle amawolintshi, uphayini, izimbali, noma amanothi anongwe ngokunemba.

Izicelo zokuphisa zama-Janus hops

Ama-Janus hops angasebenza njengezinhlobonhlobo ezibabayo noma njenge-hop esetshenziswa kabili endaweni yezikhali zabaphisi botshwala. Ngaphambi kokuthatha isinqumo, hlola izinombolo ze-alpha-asidi zomphakeli namaphrofayili kawoyela. Lokhu kuzosiza ekunqumeni ukuthi ingabe i-Janus kufanele isetshenziswe ekufakweni kwamathumba okuqala noma ekunambiseni kamuva.

Uma izinga le-alpha-acid liphezulu, hlela izengezo zangaphambi kwesikhathi ukuze ufinyelele ngempumelelo ama-IBU akho owaqondisile. Sebenzisa izibali ezijwayelekile ze-IBU, ezilungisela amandla adonsela phansi we-wort kanye nesikhathi sokubilisa. Lokhu kuzoqinisekisa imiphumela ebabayo kaJanus ebikezelwayo.

Uma ukuwohloka kukawoyela kukhombisa i-myrcene ne-humulene, cabanga ukwengeza amahops emizuzu eyi-15 noma kamuva, noma ngokugxuma-gxuma okomile. Lokhu kubekwa kuzothuthukisa iphunga lika-Janus, kukhiphe amawolintshi, ama-resinous, noma amanothi e-herbal.

Ukuze uthole i-alpha emaphakathi kanye namafutha abhalansi, phatha u-Janus njenge-hop yangempela yokusebenzisa kabili. Hlukanisa izengezo phakathi kwamathumba, i-whirlpool, ne-dry-hop. Le ndlela izodala iphrofayili enezingqimba esekela kokubili okubabayo nephunga.

• Ukuhlola komhlinzeki: qinisekisa amaphesenti e-alpha-asidi nokwakheka kukawoyela ngaphambi kokukala amaresiphi.
• Ukuhlela kwe-IBU: bala izengezo ngokusekelwe ku-alpha elinganisiwe ukuze ufinyelele okuhlosiwe komunyu.
• Isikhathi: ngaphambi kwesikhathi sokubaba kukaJanus; sekwephuzile noma owomile-hop wephunga likaJanus.

Ukumatanisa ukukhetha kunomthelela obonakalayo ekutheni ukusetshenziswa kwe-Janus hop kubonakala kanjani kubhiya osuphelile. Imvubelo ehlanzekile ye-ale yaseMelika kanye ne-malts ephaphathekile engathathi hlangothi ivumela uhlamvu lwe-hop ukuthi lukhanye kuma-IPA kanye ne-American pales. Ngobhiya abaya phambili kwe-malt, engeza u-Janus sekwephuzile kancane ukuze uthuthukise ngamaphikseli anenhlaka noma amawolintshi.

Amaqoqo omshayeli abalulekile. Izivivinyo ezincane zisiza ukulungisa amanani namashejuli kumishini yendawo kanye namanzi. Landela ngomkhondo ukuqina okubonakalayo kuzo zonke izivivinyo ukuze ucwenge ukusetshenziswa kuka-Janus eziphuzwini ezizayo.

Ukuvala amakhoni e-Janus hops avuthiwe anezindlala ze-lupulin ezicwebezelayo nengemuva eliluhlaza ngokufiphele Ulwazi olwengeziwe

Ukuqhathaniswa nezinhlobonhlobo zeHop ezidumile

Lesi siqhathaniso se-hop sihlola i-Janus ngokumelene nezinhlobo ze-benchmark cultivars ukusiza abaphisi botshwala ukuthi bakhethe okunye okunye noma okuhambisanayo. I-Janus vs Cascade igqamisa umehluko wephunga elimnandi: I-Cascade iletha i-citrus ne-grapefruit, kuyilapho u-Janus encika kumanothi ahlabayo abukhali nakhipha inhlaka lapho esetshenziswa ngamanani aphezulu.

Bheka izibalo zikawoyela ne-asidi ukuze uthole umongo. I-Brewer's Gold ine-alpha cishe engu-9.2% ene-myrcene cishe ku-66.7%, enikeza uhlamvu oluqinile lwe-resinous, olusawolintshi. U-Willamette ubika i-alpha eseduze no-6.6% nge-myrcene eduze kuka-51% kanye ne-humulene cishe u-21.2%, enikeza iphunga lezimbali, lesiNgisi. I-Fuggle ihlala phansi, i-alpha icishe ibe ngu-5.1% kanye ne-humulene eduze kuka-26.6%, iboleka amathoni omhlaba akudala.

Qhathanisa ukusetshenziswa okungokoqobo. Uma i-Janus ifanelana negolide le-Brewer's kuma-alpha acid, isebenza kahle njenge-hop ebabayo futhi ingangena esikhundleni sezinhlobo ze-super-alpha. Esimeni esihlukile, u-Janus vs Willamette ubalulekile uma ibhalansi yephunga ibala; i-Janus enezilinganiso zikawoyela ezifana ne-Willamette ingasebenza njenge-aroma hop yesitayela sesiNgisi.

Abakhiqizi botshwala kufanele bakale isitoreji kanye nezici zekhoni ngaphambi kokushintsha ama-hops. I-Historic Brewer's Gold yayinokuqina kwesitoreji okubuthakathaka kunezinketho ze-Cluster, futhi ukuzalanisa kwesimanje kugxile ekuthuthukiseni impilo yeshalofu. Buza ukuthi u-Janus uyawagcina yini amazinga e-alpha namafutha phakathi nezinyanga njenge-Cluster noma wehlisa isithunzi ngokushesha.

• Ukuqhathanisa kwe-alpha: sebenzisa i-alpha elinganisiwe ukuze unqume izindima ezibabayo.
• I-Aroma fit: fanisa amaphrofayili we-myrcene, i-humulene kanye ne-caryophyllene nemigomo yeresiphi.
• Isitoreji nesivuno: cabangela ubuqotho bekhoni nokuzinza uma kuqhathaniswa namazinga amadala njenge-Brewer's Gold and Cluster.

Izivivinyo ezincane zihlala ziyisivivinyo esihle kakhulu. Yenza ukushintshwa kwenqwaba eyodwa ukuze uqhathanise u-Janus vs Cascade noma u-Janus vs Willamette ku-wort yangempela. Ukunambitha ngapha nangapha kuveza ukuthi izinombolo zokuqhathanisa ze-hop zihumusha kanjani iphunga, ukubaba, nokuzwakala komlomo.

Ukucatshangelwa kokukhula kanye ne-Agronomy

I-agronomy ye-hop ephumelelayo iqala ngokukhetha indawo efanele nokuqonda izici ze-cultivar. Abalimi kumele babuyekeze amanothi e-USDA kanye ne-Oregon State University. Lawa manothi achaza isikhathi sokuvuthwa, amandla, kanye nokumelana nezifo ze-hop ngaphambi kokutshala.

Impilo yomhlabathi kanye nokushintshashintsha kubalulekile ekuvuneni kwesikhathi eside. I-pH yomhlabathi kanye namazinga ezinto eziphilayo kufanele ahlolwe. Bese, hlela izitshalo zokumboza kanye nokushintshanisa ukuze ulwe ne-verticillium nezinye izinkinga zomhlabathi. I-drainage enhle ibalulekile ukuze unciphise ukucindezeleka kwezimpande futhi uthuthukise ukutholakala.

Ukutshala kukaJanus kudinga amasheke athile. Qinisekisa indlela ye-cultivar ye-ploidy kanye nendlela yokusabalalisa nabahlinzeki. Ukusebenzisa izitshalo ezingenagciwane eziqinisekisiwe noma ama-rhizomes ahlanzekile kunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kusenesikhathi futhi kuqinisekisa isivuno esingaguquki.

Ukuphatha ubude be-sidearm kubalulekile ekufaniseni ama-trellis nezinhlelo zokuvuna. Uhla olujwayelekile kuma-cultivar ajwayelekile lukhombisa ukuthi ukwakheka kunomthelela kanjani ezidingweni zabasebenzi kanye nesivuno. Lungisa izinqubo zokuqeqesha ukuze ugcine ubude bezingalo eziseceleni bungaphakathi kwemikhawulo oyifunayo ukuze uvune ngomshini noma ngesandla.

Ukuqapha ingcindezi yezifo ngokuhlola namarekhodi kubalulekile. Ezinye izinhlobo zakudala, njenge-Fuggle, zibonisa ukumelana nokukhunta okuqinile. Nokho, izimpendulo ziyahlukahluka nge-cultivar. Thola amaphrofayili okumelana nezifo ze-hop ka-Janus kwa-OSU noma imithombo ye-seedstock futhi uhlele ukulawulwa kwezinambuzane okudidiyelwe ngendlela efanele.

Abafuyi basebenzisa amashifu ama-ploidy ukuthuthukisa izici. Ama-Triploid nama-tetraploid angase anikeze ukungabi nambewu namandla ahlukene. Qinisekisa ukuthi u-Janus uyatholakala yini njenge-clone noma i-polyploid ukuze usethe okulindelekile ekusakazeni nasekusebenzeni kwenkambu.

Rekhoda isivuno ngamaphawundi ngehektare ngalinye futhi uqhathanise namabhentshimakhi esifunda. Igolide likaBrewer kanye neWillamette kuvame ukukhiqiza phakathi nezinkulungwane zamaphawundi ihektare ngalinye. Imijaho emidala efana neFuggle ihlala phansi. Sebenzisa idatha yomhlinzeki nesandiso ukuze ulinganisele isivuno sika-Janus nokusebenza kwezomnotho.

Hlela isikhathi sokuvuna eduze kwamafasitela okuvuthwa. Ukuvuthwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi noma sekwephuzile kunomthelela ekucutshungulweni kwe-hop nokuzinza kwe-alpha acid. Qondisa izisebenzi zokuvuna, umthamo wokomisa, kanye nesitoreji ukuze uvikele amaphrofayili kawoyela futhi ugcine inani lemakethe.

Gcina amanothi ngobungqabavu, umbala wamaqabunga, nokuzinza kwesitoreji njengoba ukutshala kukhula. Lokhu kubhekwa kwe-agronomic kusiza ukucolisa ukukhetha kwesizinda kanye nokufaka kwamasiko kokutshalwa kwekusasa. Basekela ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kokulinywa kukaJanus.

Eduze kwe-hop bine egibela i-trellis enamakhoni acwebezelayo, isibhakabhaka esimnyama esisagolide, kanye nezwe elikude lepulazi Ulwazi olwengeziwe

Ukucubungula kanye Nomthelela Wesitoreji Ekusebenzeni Kwe-Hop

Ukucutshungulwa kwe-Hop kuba nomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kwabo ekukhiqizeni utshwala. Amahops e-whole-cone avame ukuphuka futhi achithe i-lupulin ngesikhathi sokuphatha. Ngokuphambene, amafomu e-pellet acindezela i-lupulin ibe yisisindo esiminyene, imelana kangcono ne-oxygen nokukhanya. Abaphisi botshwala kufanele bacabangele ngokucophelela i-pellet vs i-cone yonke lapho behlela amazinga okugxuma kanye nokuphathwa kwe-dry-hop.

Ukugcinwa kwe-alpha acid kuthonywa kokubili ukucubungula nokugcinwa. Ucwaningo oluvela ku-USDA kanye ne-Oregon State University luveza umehluko we-cultivar ekulimaleni kwe-hop ngaphansi kwezimo zegumbi. Isibonelo, ezinye izinketho ze-Cluster zigcine u-80–85% wama-alpha acid azo ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha. Ngaleso sikhathi, i-Fuggle igcine cishe u-75%. I-Brewer's Gold ngokomlando ikhombise ukuqina okungekuhle kwesitoreji se-hop ezivivinyweni ezifanayo.

Isitoreji esibandayo, esingenawo umoya-mpilo sibalulekile ekulondolozeni uwoyela oguquguqukayo nama-alpha acid. Ukupakishwa okuvalwe nge-vacuum, kugcinwa kufriji noma kufriziwe, kubambezela ukuwohloka kwe-hop futhi kusekela ama-IBU angaguquki. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa iqoqo ngalinye ngesitifiketi sokuhlaziya somhlinzeki ukuze uqinisekise amazinga amanje e-alpha acid namafutha ngaphambi kokulungisa izindlela zokupheka.

Ukukhetha phakathi kwe-pellet ne-cone yonke kunomthelela ekusetshenzisweni kanye ne-trub. Amapellets ngokuvamile athuthukisa ukungaguquguquki nempilo yeshalofu kodwa akhiqiza i-compact hop matter ekugcineni kwe-dry-hop. Lokhu kungathinta izinyathelo zokuhlunga nezokucaca. Amacones aphelele angase anikeze ikhefu elihlanzekile kwamanye ubhiya kodwa adinga ukuphathwa ngokushesha ukuze kukhawulwe ukulahlekelwa ama-aromatics.

• Umkhuba ongcono kakhulu: ama-hops esitolo abandayo futhi ugcine umoya-mpilo ungekho ukuze ukhulise ukuqina kwesitoreji se-hop.
• Hlola ama-COA ukuze uthole izibalo zakamuva zokugcinwa kwe-alpha acid uma ukala amaresiphi.
• Lindela ukuwohloka kwe-hop ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi ulungise amazinga okugxuma ngokufanele.

Amathiphu Okuthuthukisa Amaresiphi Ngokusebenzisa i-Janus hops

Qala ngokuthola Isitifiketi Samanje Sokuhlaziya sika-Janus. Lokhu kuqinisekisa iphesenti le-alpha-acid kanye nokwakheka kwamafutha abalulekile. Sebenzisa lolu lwazi ukuze ubale ama-IBU futhi udizayine ishejuli yokugxuma ehambisana nokubaba kwakho kanye nephunga elimnandi.

Uma i-COA ikhombisa ukuthi u-Janus une-alpha ephezulu, yiphathe njenge-base bittering hop. Yengeze emathunjini imizuzu engama-60-90. Lungisa ukusetshenziswa ngokusekelwe ekutheni i-pellet noma ifomu lekhoni ephelele. Bese, hlela izengezo zokubilisa sekwephuzile noma ze-whirlpool nge-aroma hop ehambisanayo ukuze uthuthukise isiphetho.

Uma u-Janus ephawulwa njengokusetshenziswa okukabili noma iphunga eliya phambili, gxila ku-whirlpool nokwelapha okomile kwe-hop. Lezi zindlela zibamba amafutha aguquguqukayo ngokuphumelelayo. Ububanzi be-Dry-hop ngokuvamile busukela ku-0.5 ukuya ku-3.0 oz ilitha ngalinye, kuye ngosayizi wophiko lotshwala namandla afiswayo.

• Ithiphu yeshejuli yokugxuma: i-whirlpool ehamba phambili kanye ne-dry-hop isikhathi ukuvikela amawolintshi namanothi e-herbal.
• Lungisa isisindo se-dry-hop kanye nesikhathi sokuxhumana ekugijimeni komshayeli ukuze ugweme amanothi emifino noma irabha.

Ukuze ulinganise i-malt nama-hops, cabangela isitayela nesiqondiso sokumatanisa. Ku-American pale ales kanye nama-IPAs, sebenzisa imvubelo ye-ale engathathi hlangothi njenge-Wyeast 1056, White Labs WLP001, noma i-US-05. Bhangqa lezi nezimela eziphaphathekile ukuze ugqamise umlingiswa ka-Janus. Kuma-ales esiNgisi, hlanganisa i-Janus ne-alpha English aroma hops efana ne-Fuggle noma i-Willamette, bese wengeza i-malt backbone.

Qalisa amaqoqo amancane okuhlola ukuze ulungise kahle okuqondiwe kwezinzwa. Izilingo zesinyathelo esisodwa ezishintshayo izisindo zokwengeza sekwephuzile kanye nobude besikhathi se-dry-hop zisiza ukucwenga okuvelayo okusawolintshi, uphayini, noma amakhambi. Lokhu kusekelwe kuphrofayili kawoyela elinganiswa kusukela ku-COA.

• Bala ama-IBU kusuka ku-COA bese ukhetha uhlelo lokuqala lokugxuma.
• Nquma ukuthi u-Janus uzoba yini isisekelo esibabayo noma uzakwethu wephunga elimnandi.
• Hlola i-0.5–3.0 oz/gal ye-Janus hop eyomile nesikali sokukhiqiza.
• Isimo esibandayo ne-carbonate ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwezinzwa kokugcina.

Gcina amanothi anemininingwane phakathi novivinyo ukuze wenze ngcono izilungiselelo ze-carbonation, isikhathi sokuxhumana, namandla e-dry-hop. Le ndlela yokuphindaphinda iqinisekisa imiphumela engashintshi futhi ithuthukisa ukulinganisa i-malt nama-hops kumaresiphi esikhathi esizayo e-Janus hop.

Umfanekiso odwetshwe ngesandla we-Janus hops, amabhodlela kabhiya wezandla, amakhadi eresiphi, kanye neshabhu yokuphisa utshwala Ulwazi olwengeziwe

Izibonelo Nezibonelo

Abaphisi botshwala besifunda abancane abanjengoTrouble Brewing, White Gypsy, O Brother, kanye nezindawo zokushicilela zaseGalway Bay banikeza imininingwane ebalulekile. Amanothi abo okunambitha aveza umthelela wokwengezwa kwakamuva kanye nokugxuma okumile kuma-ales aphaphathekile. Lawa manothi agqamisa i-lemon egqamile egqamile kanye nama-flavour ephayini.

I-low-ABV i-pale ales ifundisa isifundo esibalulekile. Ama-brewers bathola ukuthi ama-hops afana ne-Vic Secret ne-Summer, uma esetshenziswa esanda kuphuma, aletha umthelela ohlanzekile, we-zippy hop. Le phrofayili ebukhali ye-citrus ne-pine resin isebenza njengesiqondiso sokusebenzisa i-Janus hops ngempumelelo.

Ukukhethwa kwe-malt nezinga lokushisa lokuphakela kunethonya elikhulu endleleni ama-hops abonwa ngayo. Ama-malt alula namazinga okushisa afudumele athuthukisa iphunga le-hop nokuqina. Ngokuphambene, amazinga okushisa abandayo kanye ne-malt enzima ingasitha lokhu kunambitheka, kwenze ubhiya unambitheke mncane.

• Idokhumenti ye-ABV, ishejuli yokugxuma, ibhili ye-malt, uhlobo lwemvubelo, nezimo zesitoreji phakathi novivinyo.
• Sebenzisa amahops amasha, agcinwe kahle ukuze ugcine ukunambitheka kugqamile futhi kuhlanzekile.
• Beka kuqala izengezo sekwephuzile kanye nemithetho ehlosiwe ye-dry-hop ukuze uthole amanothi abukhali we-citrus namaphayini.

Lezi zibonelo ezivela kubhiya oshayelwa yi-hop kanye nezinqubo zokuphisa zichaza indlela engokoqobo yokuhlola kuka-Janus. Ngokulandelela izinguquko zemizwa kuwo wonke amaqoqo, abaphisi botshwala bangakwazi ukuhlonza izici eziqondene no-Janus. Lokhu kuvumela ukucwengisiswa kwamaresiphi okukhishwa kwezentengiso.

Isiphetho

Isifinyezo se-Janus hops: ukuhlola le nguqulo erekhodiwe ye-OSU/USDA ngokuqhathanisa nemininingwane yayo yamanje kubalulekile kubakhi botshwala nakubalimi. Ama-alpha ne-beta acid, amazinga e-cohumulone, iphrofayili kawoyela obalulekile, ukuzinza kwesitoreji, nezici ze-agronomic konke kuthonya ukusebenza kwawo eketela nasensimini. Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa okubanzi, thola izitifiketi zakamuva zokuhlaziya ezivela e-Oregon State University, USDA GRIN, noma abahlinzeki be-hop abahlonishwayo.

Isifinyezo sokukhetha i-Hop: ukubamba ukubaba, iphunga, kanye nezindima zokusebenzisa kabili kuwukhiye wesu leresiphi. Izishayeli zamakhemikhali ezinto eziphilayo - ama-asidi okubaba namafutha ephunga - asebenzisana ne-malt, imvubelo, nokukhetha kokucubungula. Ukuhlola u-Janus ngeziphuzo ezincane zokuhlola kuveza umkhondo wakhe wezinzwa, okusiza ekucwengiseni amashejuli okugxuma ukuze uthole imiphumela efiselekayo.

Amandla okuphisa kuka-Janus: izinyathelo ezilandelayo ezisebenzayo zihlanganisa ukuzuza ama-COA amasha, ukusebenzisa amaqoqo okuhlola alawulwayo, kanye nokwenza izivivinyo zezolimo namahlathi ukuze kuhlolwe isivuno kanye nokumelana nezifo. Landela izinqubo ezihamba phambili zokomisa nokubanda ukuze ulondoloze ukusebenza kwe-hop. Ngedatha yezobuchwepheshe enembile nokuhlola okuhlelekile, u-Janus angasetshenziswa ngempumelelo njenge-hop ebabayo, eyiphunga, noma esetshenziswa kabili ukuze enze obhiya abahlukile nababhalansile.

Ukufunda Okuqhubekayo

Uma ukujabulele lokhu okuthunyelwe, ungaphinda uthande lezi ziphakamiso:

• Ama-Hops kubhiya Brewing: Cascade
• Ama-Hops e-Beer Brewing: i-Outeniqua
• AmaHops Ekuphiseni Ubhiya: Aquila