Ukukhulisa Ummbila: Umhlahlandlela Wakho Ophelele Wempumelelo Emnandi Engadini
Kushicilelwe: Mashi 16, 2026 22:44:03 UTC
Ukutshala ummbila engadini yakho yasekhaya kuletha ukwaneliseka okungenakuqhathaniswa. Akukho okuqhathaniswa nobumnandi bommbila omnandi osanda kukhiwa. Okuqukethwe ushukela kufinyelela phezulu ngesikhathi sokuvuna. Phakathi namahora ambalwa, ushukela wemvelo uqala ukuphenduka ube yisitashi. Abalimi basekhaya bajabulela inzuzo yokunambitheka kommbila othengwe esitolo awukwazi ukufana.
Growing Corn: Your Complete Guide to Sweet Success in the Garden
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Abantu abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ummbila udinga amasimu amakhulu ezolimo. Lo mbono ongalungile uvimba abalimi ukuthi bazame. Iqiniso liyamangaza abaningi abaqalayo. Indawo encane engadini yasemuva ivumela kalula izitshalo zommbila. Izinhlobo zesimanje ziyachuma ezindaweni eziqinile. Ukutshala izitsha kusebenza kubalimi basemadolobheni abanesikhala esincane somhlabathi.
Lo mhlahlandlela ophelele ukuqondisa kuzo zonke izinyathelo. Uzofunda ukukhetha izinhlobo ezihambisana nesifunda sakho. Amasu okulungisa inhlabathi aqinisekisa ukukhula okuqinile kwezitshalo. Amashejuli afanele okunisela nokufaka umanyolo akhulisa ukukhula kwezindlebe. Ukuphathwa kwezinambuzane kuvikela isivuno sakho ngokwemvelo. Isikhathi sokuvuna sibamba ubumnandi obukhulu. Izindlela zokugcina zigcina ikhwalithi.
Ukukhetha Uhlobo Olufanele Lommbila Wesifunda Sakho
Ukukhetha uhlobo lommbila olufanele kunquma impumelelo yakho ngaphambi kokuthi utshale. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zifanelana nezimo zezulu ezahlukene kanye nezinkathi zokukhula. Ummbila omnandi ulawula izingadi zasekhaya. Kodwa-ke, ngaphakathi kommbila omnandi, kunezigaba ezahlukene ezisekelwe kokuqukethwe ushukela kanye nokuthungwa kwawo.
Ukuqonda Izinhlobo Zommbila Omnandi
Ummbila omnandi wesimanje uwela ezinhlotsheni ezintathu eziyinhloko. Uhlobo ngalunye lunikeza amazinga ahlukene obumnandi kanye nezici zokugcina. Ummbila omnandi ojwayelekile unikeza ukunambitheka kwendabuko. Izinhlobo ezikhuliswe ushukela zandisa ubumnandi ngokulinganisela. Izinhlobo ezimnandi kakhulu zandisa okuqukethwe ushukela kakhulu.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Ummbila Omnandi Ojwayelekile (su)
Izinhlobo zendabuko zithwala i-su gene. Lezi zitshalo zikhiqiza ummbila onokunambitheka kwakudala. Okuqukethwe ushukela kuhlala kuphakathi uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlobo ezintsha. Ikhwalithi yehla ngokushesha ngemva kokuvuna. Kufanele udle noma ugcine ummbila omnandi ojwayelekile zingakapheli amahora amaningi emva kokuwuvuna. Ukuthungwa kwawo kuvame ukuba mnandi kunokuba kube crispy.
Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile ziphumelela kakhulu ezindaweni ezipholile. Imbewu ihluma ngokwethembeka enhlabathini ebandayo. Izitshalo zibekezelela isimo sezulu sasentwasahlobo kangcono kunezinye izinhlobo. Abalimi abaningi bakhetha ukunambitheka kommbila okudala. Lezi zinhlobo zisebenza kahle kakhulu ekufakweni emathinini nasekuqandisweni.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Ummbila Othuthukisiwe Ngoshukela (se)
Izinhlobo ezikhuliswe ushukela zinikeza indawo ephakathi nendawo. Okuqukethwe ushukela kudlula kakhulu izinhlobo ezijwayelekile. Ama-kernel ahlala emnandi isikhathi eside ngemva kokuvunwa. Uthola izinsuku eziningana zokugcina ikhwalithi esiqandisini. Ukuthungwa kulinganisela phakathi kokhilimu nokuqinile.
Lezi zinhlobo zifanela kahle kakhulu iningi labalimi basekhaya. Izitshalo zibonisa amandla amahle ezimweni zezulu ezahlukahlukene. Imbewu ihluma kahle ngisho noma amazinga okushisa enhlabathi ehlala epholile. Ukunambitheka kuyanelisa abantu abathola izinhlobo ezimnandi kakhulu zinamandla kakhulu. Izinhlobo eziningi ezikhuliswe ushukela zivuthwa ezinsukwini ezingama-70 kuya kwezingama-80.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Izinhlobo Zesizini Epholile
- I-Sunglow Yasekuqaleni - izinsuku ezingu-63 ngaphambi kokuvuthwa
- I-Earlylivee - izinsuku ezingu-66, ayibekezeleli ukubanda
- Ukwelashwa Kwasentwasahlobo - Izinsuku ezingama-68, ukunambitheka okumnandi
- I-Seneca Dawn - izinsuku ezingu-65, ukuhluma okuthembekile
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Izinhlobo Zesizini Esifudumele
- Indlovukazi Yesiliva - izinsuku ezingu-92, izindlebe ezinkulu
- Amapentshisi nokhilimu - izinsuku ezingu-83, ezinemibala emibili
- I-Bodacious - izinsuku ezingu-75, ayimelani nezifo
- I-Ambrosia - izinsuku ezingu-75, ubumnandi obuhle kakhulu
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Ummbila Omnandi Kakhulu (sh2)
Izinhlobo ezimnandi kakhulu zithwala i-sh2 gene. Lokhu kuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo kwandisa amazinga kashukela kakhulu. Ezinye izinhlobo ziqukethe ushukela ophindwe kane kunommbila ojwayelekile. Ubumnandi obengeziwe buhlala izinsuku eziningi ngemva kokuvunwa. Izinhlamvu zigcina ukuthungwa okuqinile ngisho noma ziphekiwe.
Lezi zinhlobo zidinga inhlabathi efudumele ukuze zihlume. Imbewu ibola kalula emhlabathini obandayo nomanzi. Linda kuze kube yilapho inhlabathi ifinyelela kuma-degrees Fahrenheit angu-65 ngaphambi kokutshala. Isizini yokukhula kufanele ihlale ifudumele njalo. Izinhlobo ezimnandi kakhulu zidinga ukuhlukaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zommbila. Ukuxubana kwempova ngezinhlobo ezijwayelekile konakalisa ikhwalithi ye-kernel.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Ukuqondanisa Izinhlobo Nesizini Yakho Yokukhula
Isimo sezulu sendawo yakho sinquma ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo eziphumelelayo. Isikhathi esingenamakhaza endaweni yakini sibeka imikhawulo yokutshala. Ummbila udinga isikhathi esithile kusukela ekutshalweni kuya ekuvunweni. Izinhlobo zokuqala zivuthwa ezinsukwini ezingama-60 kuya kwezingama-70. Izinhlobo zaphakathi nesizini zidinga izinsuku ezingama-70 kuya kwezingama-85. Izinhlobo zasekupheleni kwesizini zidinga izinsuku ezingama-85 kuya kweziyi-100.
Bala ubuyele emuva kusukela osukwini lwakho lokuqala lwesithwathwa olujwayelekile ekwindla. Lokhu kubalwa kwembula ifasitela lakho lokutshala. Abalimi basenyakatho bayazuza ezinhlotsheni ezivuthwa kusenesikhathi. Izifunda zaseningizimu zamukela ukutshalwa okulandelanayo kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo. Izindawo ezipholile zasogwini zithanda izinhlobo ezikhuliswe ushukela kunezinhlobo ezimnandi kakhulu.
Amasu Okukhula Kwesikhathi Esifushane
Abalimi bezitshalo ezisenyakatho babhekene nezinselele. Izinsuku zeqhwa zinciphisa kakhulu isikhathi sokukhula. Gxila ezinhlotsheni ezikhula ezinsukwini ezingu-75 noma ngaphansi. Qala imbewu endlini ukuze uthole amasonto engeziwe. Tshala kabusha ngokucophelela ukuze ugweme ukuphazamiseka kwezimpande. I-mulch emnyama yepulasitiki ifudumeza inhlabathi ukuze ikhule ngokushesha.
Icebiso: Tshala izitshalo ngokulandelana njalo emavikini amabili. Lokhu kwandisa isikhathi sakho sokuvuna phakathi nenkathi yokukhula. Yeka ukutshala izinsuku ezingu-90 ngaphambi kweqhwa lokuqala elilindelekile ekwindla.
Izinhlobo Zommbila Ezinconyelwe Kakhulu Zabalimi Basemakhaya
Ngokusekelwe ekusebenzeni kahle kuzo zonke izimo ezahlukahlukene, lezi zinhlobo ziletha imiphumela emihle kakhulu njalo. Ngayinye inikeza izinzuzo ezihlukile ezimweni ezahlukene zengadi kanye nezintandokazi zokunambitha.
IGolden Bantam - Onobungane Kwabasaqalayo
- Ukunambitheka: 4.7/5
- Ukubekezelela Umkhuhlane: 4.5/5
- Ukulula Kokukhula: 4.8/5
- Izinsuku Zokuvuthwa: Izinsuku ezingu-78
- Uhlobo: Okumnandi Okujwayelekile (su)
- Okuhle Kakhulu: Izimo zezulu ezipholile, izingadi zasenyakatho, abathandi bokunambitheka kwendabuko
Lolu hlobo lwefa lunezilimo zasekhaya ezigculisayo kusukela ngo-1902. Izitshalo zifinyelela ubude obungamamitha angu-5 kuya kwangu-6. Izindlebe zingamasentimitha angu-6 kuya kwangu-7 ngemigqa engu-8 yezimbewu. Ukunambitheka kommbila omnandi okuvamile akunakuqhathaniswa. Imbewu ihluma ngokwethembeka enhlabathini epholile.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Ukukhetha Uju - Okudumile Kakhulu
- Ukunambitheka 4.9/5
- Ukumelana Nezifo 4.6/5
- Isivuno 4.7/5
- Izinsuku Zokuvuthwa: Izinsuku ezingu-79
- Uhlobo: Okuthuthukisiwe Ngoshukela (se)
- Okuhle Kakhulu Kuzo: Zonke izifunda, ukutshala okulandelanayo, isivuno eside
I-Honey Select ibusa kakhulu ezitshalweni zasegadini lasekhaya ezweni lonke. Izinhlamvu ezinemibala emithathu zixuba ophuzi, omhlophe kanye nokhilimu. Izindlebe zifinyelela amasentimitha angu-8 ngokugcwalisa okuhle kakhulu. Izinga lobumnandi liyanelisa ngaphandle kokukhungathekisa. Izitshalo zibonisa ukumelana okuvelele kwezifo. Lolu hlobo lusebenza ngokwethembeka ezimweni zezulu eziguquguqukayo.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Okumangalisayo - Ushukela Ophakeme Kakhulu
- Ubumnandi 5.0/5
- Ukuthungwa 4.5/5
- Isitoreji 4.4/5
- Izinsuku Zokuvuthwa: Izinsuku ezingu-85
- Uhlobo: Okumnandi kakhulu (sh2)
- Okuhle Kakhulu: Izimo zezulu ezifudumele, ukukhetha ubumnandi obukhulu, ukudla okusha
Okumangalisayo kufanelana negama layo ngobumnandi. Okuqukethwe ushukela kufinyelela amazinga amangalisayo. Izinhlamvu zigcina ukuthungwa okuqinile ngokupheka. Izindlebe zingamasentimitha angu-8 kuya kwangu-9 ngemigqa engu-18 kuya kwangu-20. Izitshalo zidinga inhlabathi efudumele nokushisa okuqhubekayo. Hlukanisa nezinye izinhlobo zommbila ngamafidi angu-250 okungenani.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
I-Sunglow Yasekuqaleni - Ukuvuthwa Okusheshayo
- Isivinini 5.0/5
- Ukunambitheka 4.2/5
- Usayizi Omncane 4.6/5
- Izinsuku Zokuvuthwa: Izinsuku ezingu-63
- Uhlobo: Okuthuthukisiwe Ngoshukela (se)
- Okuhle Kakhulu: Izinkathi ezimfushane, ukutshala ngokulandelana, izingadi ezincane
I-Early Sunglow iletha isivuno sokuqala sesizini. Izitshalo zivuthwa ezinsukwini ezingama-63 kuphela kusukela ekutshalweni. Iziqu ezincane zifinyelela ubude obungamafidi angu-4 kuya kwangu-5 kuphela. Izindlebe zinobukhulu obungamasentimitha angu-1.5 ngezinhlamvu ezithambile. Lolu hlobo lufanelana kahle nezifunda ezisenyakatho. Tshala izinhlobo eziningi ukuze kuvunwe njalo ehlobo.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Indlovukazi Yesiliva - Ikhwalithi Yefa
- Ukunambitheka 4.8/5
- Usayizi Wendlebe 4.7/5
- Ubumnene 4.6/5
- Izinsuku Zokuvuthwa: Izinsuku ezingu-92
- Uhlobo: Okumnandi Okujwayelekile (su)
- Okuhle Kakhulu: Ukunambitheka kwendabuko, izingadi ezinkulu, izifunda zesizini ende
I-Silver Queen imelela indinganiso yegolide yommbila omhlophe omnandi. Lolu hlobo oludumile lukhiqiza izikhwebu ezingamasentimitha angu-8 kuya kwangu-9. Ama-kernel amhlophe amsulwa aletha ubumnene obumangalisayo. Ukunambitheka kommbila omnandi okuvamile kuyanelisa abahlanzayo. Izitshalo zikhula zibe ngamafidi angu-7 kuya kwangu-8 ubude. Kudinga isikhathi eside kodwa kuvuza isineke ngekhwalithi evelele.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Amapentshisi nokhilimu - Ubuhle obunemibala emibili
- Ukubukeka 4.8/5
- Ukunambitheka 4.6/5
- Ukuguquguquka 4.7/5
- Izinsuku Zokuvuthwa: Izinsuku ezingu-83
- Uhlobo: Okuthuthukisiwe Ngoshukela (se)
- Okuhle Kakhulu: Ukukhanga okubonakalayo, ukusetshenziswa okuxubile, ukukhiqizwa okuthembekile
Ama-peaches kanye ne-cream kuhlanganisa ubuhle nokunambitheka okumangalisayo. Ama-kernel anombala ombili adala ukubukeka okumangalisayo. Ama-kernel aphuzi namhlophe ahlangana ngokungahleliwe endlebeni ngayinye. Ama-kernel afinyelela ku-intshi angu-8 ngokugcwalisa okuhle kakhulu. Lolu hlobo luvumelana nezimo ezahlukahlukene zokukhula. Izitshalo zibonisa amandla aqinile kanye nokukhiqiza okuqhubekayo.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Ukulungiselela Inhlabathi Nokutshala Imbewu Ukuze Kuphumelele
Ukulungiswa kahle kwenhlabathi kudala isisekelo sezitshalo zommbila ezinempilo. Ummbila udinga umhlabathi ocebile ngezakhamzimba ukuze usekele ukukhula kwawo okusheshayo. Izitshalo zifinyelela ukuphakama okuvuthwa zingakapheli izinsuku ezingama-60 kuya kwezingama-90. Lokhu kukhula okuqhumayo kudinga ukudla okuningi okutholakala ngokushesha emhlabathini.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Izidingo Zomhlabathi Nokuhlolwa
Ummbila ukhula kahle enhlabathini enomswakama omuhle kakhulu. I-pH efanele isukela ku-6.0 kuya ku-6.8. Inhlabathi enobumba obuningi iyaphazamisa ukukhula kwezimpande. Inhlabathi enesihlabathi ikhipha amanzi ngokushesha kakhulu futhi ayinazo izakhamzimba. Lungisa inhlabathi enenkinga ngaphambi kokuba kufike isikhathi sokutshala.
Hlola inhlabathi yakho engadini ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Amakhithi okuhlola asekhaya ahlinzeka ngolwazi oluyisisekelo. Amahhovisi okwandisa esifunda anikeza ukuhlaziywa okuningiliziwe. Imiphumela yembula amazinga e-pH kanye nokuntuleka kwezakhamzimba. Lolu lwazi luqondisa ukusetshenziswa kokulungiswa ngokunembile.
Ukuthuthukisa Isakhiwo Somhlabathi
Faka izinto eziphilayo ukuze uthuthukise noma yiluphi uhlobo lomhlabathi. Umquba uthuthukisa ubumba nesihlabathi ngokulinganayo. Sebenzisa amasentimitha angu-2 kuya kwangu-4 omquba oqediwe emibhedeni yokutshala. Lokhu kwandisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi. Ukudonsa amanzi kuyathuthuka ngasikhathi sinye. Amagciwane awusizo ayanda ezindaweni ezicebile ngezinto eziphilayo.
Umquba ogugile unikeza izinzuzo ezifanayo ngezakhamzimba ezengeziwe. Faka umquba obolile kahle ekwindla. Umquba omusha ushisa izimpande zezitshalo. Linda izinyanga eziyisithupha ukuze zibole kahle ngaphambi kokuba kuqale isizini yokutshala.
Ukulungiswa Kwenhlabathi Okubalulekile
- Umquba oqediwe - amasentimitha angu-2 kuya kwangu-4 afakwe emibhedeni
- Umquba ogugile - usetshenziswa ekwindla, amasentimitha angu-1 kuya kwangu-2
- Isidlo samathambo - amakhilogremu angu-5 ngamamitha ayizikwele angu-100 ukuze uthole i-phosphorus
- I-Greensand - amakhilogremu angu-10 ngamamitha ayizikwele angu-100 ukuze uthole i-potassium
- Ukudla kwegazi - amakhilogremu angu-3 ngamamitha ayizikwele angu-100 ukuze uthole i-nitrogen
- I-Lime - kuphela uma i-pH ihlolwa ngaphansi kuka-6.0
- I-Sulphur - kuphela uma i-pH idlula u-7.0
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Ukuhlela Isikhathi Sokutshala Kwakho Ukuze Uthole Imiphumela Emihle
Imbewu yommbila idinga inhlabathi efudumele ukuze ihlume. Umhlabathi obandayo nomanzi ubangela ukubola kwembewu. Linda kuze kube yilapho izinga lokushisa lenhlabathi lifinyelela kuma-degrees Fahrenheit angu-60 ekujuleni okungamasentimitha angu-2. Kala nge-thermometer yomhlabathi ukuze uthole ukunemba. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka emavikini amabili ngemva kosuku lokugcina lwesithwathwa sasentwasahlobo.
Ukutshala kusenesikhathi kuyingozi yokulahlekelwa imbewu ngenxa yokubanda. Ukutshala sekwephuzile kunciphisa isikhathi sokukhula. Isimo sezulu sesifunda sinquma isikhathi esifanele. Abalimi basenyakatho batshala kusukela maphakathi noMeyi kuya ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Izifunda zaseningizimu ziqala ngoMashi noma ngo-Ephreli. Izindawo eziphakeme zilinda kuze kube uJuni.
Icebiso Lokushisa: Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zihluma ekushiseni komhlabathi okungu-60°F. Izinhlobo ezikhuliswe ushukela zisebenza kahle kakhulu ekushiseni komhlabathi okungu-65°F. Izinhlobo ezimnandi kakhulu zidinga okungenani u-70°F. Sebenzisa i-mulch yepulasitiki emnyama ukuze ufudumale inhlabathi ngokushesha entwasahlobo.
Isu Lokutshala Ngokulandelana
Yandisa isikhathi sakho sokuvuna ngokutshala okulandelanayo. Tshala izingxenye ezincane njalo emavikini ama-2. Qhubeka kuze kube yizinsuku ezingama-90 ngaphambi kokuba iqhwa lasekwindla. Le ndlela inikeza ummbila omusha kulo lonke ihlobo kanye nekwindla. Ukutshala ngakunye kuvuthwa ngezikhathi ezahlukene.
Hlanganisa izinhlobo zakuqala, zaphakathi nesizini kanye nezasekupheleni. Tshala zonke ezintathu ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze kuvunwe ngokwezigaba. Izinhlobo zakuqala zivuthwa kuqala. Kulandela izinhlobo zaphakathi nesizini. Ukutshala sekwephuzile kuqeda isizini. Le ndlela ikhulisa umkhiqizo wengadi.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Izindlela Zokutshala kanye Nesikhala
Ummbila udinga isikhala esithile ukuze kutholakale impova ngempumelelo. Umoya uthwala impova kusuka kuma-tassels kuya kusilika. Izitshalo kumele zikhule eduze. Amabhulokhi emigqa emifushane eminingi asebenza kangcono kunemigqa emide eyodwa. Lokhu kulungiselela kuqinisekisa ukuthi kutholakala impova eyanele.
Ukucushwa Kokutshala Amabhulokhi
Dala amabhlogo okutshala okungenani imigqa emi-4. Faka isikhala semigqa engamasentimitha angu-30 kuya kwangu-36 phakathi. Leli banga livumela usayizi wesitshalo esivuthiwe. Vumela indawo yokuhamba phakathi kwemigqa ngesikhathi sokulungisa. Tshala imbewu engamasentimitha angu-8 kuya kwangu-12 phakathi kwemigqa.
Usayizi omncane wamabhulokhi kufanele ube nezitshalo ezingu-16. Imigqa emine enezitshalo ezine ngayinye isebenza kahle. Amabhulokhi amakhulu athuthukisa impumelelo yokuthuthwa kwempova. Izitshalo eziningi zisho ukutholakala kwempova eningi. Lokhu kuphumela ekugcwalisweni kwezindlebe okungcono kanye nokuncipha kwezimbewu ezilahlekile.
| Usayizi Wengadi | Ukucushwa Okunconyiwe | Isikhala Semigqa | Isikhala Sezitshalo | Inzuzo Elindelekile |
| Encane (100 sq ft) | Imigqa emi-4 × izitshalo ezi-6 | Amasentimitha angu-30 | Amasentimitha angu-10 | Izindlebe ezingu-24-36 |
| Okuphakathi nendawo (200 sq ft) | Imigqa emi-4 × izitshalo eziyi-12 | Amasentimitha angu-36 | 12 amayintshi | Izindlebe ezingu-48-72 |
| Enkulu (400 sq ft) | Imigqa eyi-6 × izitshalo eziyi-16 | Amasentimitha angu-36 | 12 amayintshi | Izindlebe ezingu-96-144 |
| Ingadi Yesitsha | Izitshalo ezi-4 ngeqembu ngalinye | N/A | 12 amayintshi | Izindlebe ezingu-4-8 |
Indlela Yokuhlwanyela Ngokuqondile
Tshala imbewu ngqo emhlabathini olungisiwe. Ummbila awutshalwa kahle ngenxa yezimpande ezizwelayo. Ukutshala imbewu ngqo kukhiqiza izitshalo eziqinile futhi ezikhula kangcono. Dala imisele ejulile ngamasentimitha angu-1 kuya kwangu-2. Beka imbewu ngezikhawu ezifanele zesikhala.
Tshala imbewu ezimbili endaweni ngayinye ekuqaleni. Lo mshwalense uvikela ekuhlumeni okubi. Nciphisa ube yizithombo ezinamandla kakhulu uma izitshalo zifinyelela amasentimitha angu-1. Susa isitshalo esibuthakathaka ngokucophelela ukuze ugweme ukuphazamisa izimpande zesitshalo esigcinayo.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Amathuluzi Nezinto Ezibalulekile Zokutshala
Amathuluzi asezingeni eliphezulu enza ukutshala kusheshe futhi kunembe kakhudlwana. Imishini eyisisekelo ibhekana nezidingo eziningi zengadi yasekhaya. Amathuluzi akhethekile athuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokutshala okukhulu. Tshala imali ezintweni ezihlala isikhathi eside ezihlala izinkathi eziningi.
Igeja Lengadi
Inhloso: Ukudala imisele yokutshala, ukulima inhlabathi
Kubalulekile ekwenzeni imisele eqondile, efanayo ekujuleni okufanele. Khetha igeja elinobubanzi bensinga obuyi-intshi eziyi-1.5 kuya kweziyi-1.5. Ukwakhiwa okuqinile kusingatha umsebenzi onzima wenhlabathi. Sebenzisa ukulawula ukhula phakathi kwemigqa phakathi nenkathi yokukhula.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
I-Thermometer Yomhlabathi
Inhloso: Ukuqapha izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi ukuze uthole isikhathi esifanele sokutshala
Ukufundwa kwezinga lokushisa okunembile kuvimbela ukutshala ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Faka i-probe ejule ngamasentimitha angu-2 ekujuleni kokutshala. Thatha ukufundwa ekuseni ukuze uthole ukuhlolwa okunembile kakhulu. Kuvimbela ukubola kwembewu ezimweni ezibandayo zenhlabathi.
Amathuluzi Okulinganisa
Inhloso: Ukuqinisekisa izikhala ezifanele kanye nemigqa eqondile
Itheyiphu yokulinganisa kanye nomugqa wentambo kudala imigqa eqondile. Izigxobo zengadi ziphawula imigqa. Isikhala esifanele siqinisekisa ukuthuthwa kwempova okwanele. Kugcina ukuhleleka ukuze kube lula ukunakekela phakathi nenkathi yokukhula.
I-Hand Trowel & Dibber
Inhloso: Ukubekwa kwembewu kanye nokumbozwa kwayo ngendlela efanele
I-Trowel ihambisa inhlabathi kahle ngesikhathi sokutshala. I-Dibber idala imigodi yokutshala ngayinye ekujuleni okuqondile. Ilungele izikhala ezilawulwayo ezingadini ezincane. Insimbi engagqwali imelana nokugqwala nokunamathela kwenhlabathi.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Ithini Lokunisela
Inhloso: Ukunisela kancane kokuqala ngemva kokutshala
I-spute ende ifinyelela phakathi kwemigqa ngaphandle kokuphazamisa imbewu. Ukugeleza kwamanzi okuthambile kuvimbela ukufuduka kwembewu. Kubalulekile ukugcina inhlabathi imanzi ngesikhathi sokuhluma. Umthamo wamagaloni amabili uphatha imigqa eminingi kahle.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
I-Mulch Emnyama Yepulasitiki
Inhloso: Ukufudumala inhlabathi nokucindezela ukhula
Kusheshisa ukufudumala kwenhlabathi ngama-degrees ayi-10 kuya kwangu-15. Kuvumela ukutshala kusenesikhathi ezindaweni ezipholile. Kuvimba ukukhula kokhula ngokuphelele ngaphansi kwepulasitiki. Kulondoloza umswakama wenhlabathi phakathi nenkathi yokukhula. Izinga lokuhweba lihlala isizini yonke.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Ukukhuliswa Kwezitsha Zezindawo Ezilinganiselwe
Abalimi basemadolobheni abangenandawo yomhlabathi basengakwazi ukutshala ummbila. Ukulima kwezitsha kusebenza ngokukhetha izinhlobo ezifanele. Khetha izinhlobo ezincane noma ezikhula ngokushesha. Ummbila ojwayelekile wasensimini ukhula kakhulu kakhulu ezitsheni. Izinhlobo ezincane zivumelana kahle nokulima kwezitsha.
Ukukhethwa Nokulungiswa Kwesitsha
Sebenzisa izitsha ezinkulu eziphethe okungenani amalitha angu-5 enhlabathi. Ezinkulu zibonakala zingcono ekukhuleni kommbila. Amabhareli e-half whisky asebenza kahle kakhulu. Izimbiza ezinkulu zepulasitiki zinikeza umthamo owanele. Qinisekisa ukuthi izitsha zinemigodi yokukhipha amanzi esisekelweni.
Gcwalisa ngengxube yebhodwe esezingeni eliphezulu. Inhlabathi engadini ehlanganisiwe ezitsheni. Ingxube yebhodwe yezentengiselwano ikhipha amanzi kahle ngenkathi igcina umswakama. Hlanganisa umanyolo okhipha kancane ngesikhathi sokutshala. Lokhu kunikeza ukudla okunomsoco okuzinzile phakathi nenkathi yokukhula.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Izidingo Zokukhula Ezitsheni
Beka izitsha endaweni elangeni eligcwele. Ummbila udinga ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile amahora angu-6 kuya kwangu-8 nsuku zonke. Hlanganisa okungenani izitsha ezine ndawonye. Lokhu kulungiselela kuqinisekisa ukuthuthwa kwempova okwanele phakathi kwezitshalo. Umoya uthwala impova kusuka esitshalweni uye kwesinye ngaphakathi kweqembu.
Inhlabathi yesitsha yoma ngokushesha kunenhlabathi engaphansi komhlabathi. Hlola umswakama nsuku zonke ngesikhathi sezulu esishisayo. Nisela kahle uma isentimitha ephezulu izwakala yomile. Yondla njalo emavikini ama-2 ngomanyolo owuketshezi. Izitshalo zesitsha azikwazi ukuthola izakhamzimba ezingaphansi komhlabathi. Ukudla okwengeziwe kugcina ukukhula okunempilo kanye nokukhula kwezindlebe.
Izidingo Zokunisela Nokufaka Umanyolo Kuyo Yonke Isizini
Izitshalo zommbila zidinga umswakama oqhubekayo kanye nezakhamzimba eziningi. Izidingo zamanzi ziyashintsha njengoba izitshalo zikhula. Ukusetshenziswa komanyolo kumele kuhambisane nezigaba zokukhula. Ukuqonda lezi zidingo kuvimbela izinkinga ezivamile. Ukunakekelwa okufanele kukhiqiza izindlebe eziqinile ezigcwele izinhlamvu ezithambile.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Izidingo Zamanzi Ngesigaba Sokukhula
Izidingo zamanzi ommbila ziyahlukahluka kakhulu ngomjikelezo wawo wokuphila. Izithombo ezincane zidinga ukuchelelwa okulula, okuvamile. Izitshalo ezivuthiwe zidinga ukuchelelwa okujulile, okungajwayelekile. Izikhathi ezibucayi zidinga amazinga omswakama aphelele. Ukucindezeleka kwesomiso phakathi nalezi zikhathi konakalisa ukukhula kwezindlebe.
Isigaba Sokuhluma Nesezithombo
Gcina inhlabathi imanzi njalo kodwa ingagcwali amanzi ngesikhathi sokuhluma. Imbewu iyabola emhlabathini ogcwele amanzi. I-intshi ephezulu kufanele izwakale imanzi uma uyithinta. Nisela kancane njalo ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya kwezingu-3 uma imvula ingekho. Ukuhluma kwenzeka zingakapheli izinsuku ezingu-7 kuya kwezingu-10 enhlabathini efudumele.
Izithombo ezincane ziqala ukwakha izimpande ezingajulile. Qhubeka unisela kancane njalo ezinsukwini ezi-3 kuya kwezi-4. Umgomo ugcina umswakama ulingana ngaphandle kokucwilisa izimpande. Gwema ukunisela ngaphezulu ngesikhathi sosuku esishisayo. Ukunisela ekuseni kakhulu kunciphisa ingozi yezifo kanye nokulahleka kwamanzi.
Isikhathi Sokukhula Kwezitshalo
Ukukhula okusheshayo kuqala uma izitshalo zifinyelela ukuphakama kwamadolo. Izimpande zikhula ngokujulile nangokubanzi. Shintsha uye ekuniseleni okujulile, okungavami njalo. Faka amasentimitha angu-1 kuya kwangu-1.5 masonto onke phakathi nemvula noma ukunisela. Ukunisela okujulile kukhuthaza ukukhula kwezimpande okuqinile.
Hlola umswakama wenhlabathi ekujuleni okungamasentimitha angu-4 kuya kwangu-6. Faka umunwe noma sebenzisa imitha yomswakama. Nisela uma le ndawo iqala ukoma. Ukunisela okungajulile kudala izimpande ezibuthakathaka eduze kobuso. Izitshalo ziba sengozini yokucindezeleka kwesomiso kanye nomonakalo womoya.
Isikhathi Esibalulekile Sokunisela: Iwindi lamaviki amabili elizungeze ukuqhakaza kanye nokuvela kwesilika libaluleke kakhulu. Lesi sigaba sinquma ukwakheka kwembewu. Ngisho nokucindezeleka kwesomiso okufushane kunciphisa kakhulu isivuno. Qinisekisa ukuthi umswakama uhlala ukhona phakathi nalesi sikhathi.
Isigaba Sokuhlwanyela, Usilika kanye Nokuvundisa Impova
Lesi sikhathi esibucayi sinquma impumelelo yakho yokuvuna. Ama-tassel ommbila avela eziqongweni zezitshalo kuqala. Ama-silika aphuma ezindlebeni ezikhulayo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kamuva. I-silika ngayinye ixhumeka endaweni eyodwa ye-kernel. Impova kumele ifinyelele kusilika ngamunye ukuze igcwale izindlebe ngokuphelele.
Gcina umswakama ophelele wenhlabathi phakathi naleli windi lamasonto amabili. Ukucindezeleka kubangela ukuthuthwa kwempova okungaphelele. Ukuntuleka kwembewu ezindlebeni kubonisa isomiso phakathi nalesi sigaba. Nisela kakhulu kabili ngesonto uma imvula ingani. Faka amasentimitha angu-1.5 kuya kwangu-2 ngesonto.
Gwema ukuchelela ngaphezulu ngenkathi usilika usanda kusha. Lokhu kungageza noma kulimaze impova. Sebenzisa ukuchelela ngamaconsi noma amapayipi okucwilisa. Nisela ekuseni kakhulu uvumele amaqabunga ome ngaphambi kokuhlwa. Lo mkhuba unciphisa izinkinga zezifo.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Ukuthuthukiswa Kwendlebe Nokuvuthwa
Ngemva kokuvundisa ngempumelelo, izinhlamvu ziqala ukugcwala. Izindlebe ziyavuvukala njengoba izinhlamvu zikhula. Lesi sigaba sidinga umswakama owanele oqhubekayo. Nciphisa ukuchelela kancane njengoba kusondela ukuvuna. Amanzi amaningi ekupheleni kwesizini adala ukunambitheka okuthambile. Okuqukethwe ushukela kwehla uma kunomswakama omningi.
Ukunisela kancane kancane njengoba izindlebe zivuthwa. Qaphela ukuthi isilika iyashintsha umbala futhi izindlebe ziqine kangakanani. Yeka ukunisela isonto elilodwa ngaphambi kokuvunwa okuhleliwe. Lokhu kuvumela ushukela ukuthi ugxile. Ama-flavour ayaqina uma umswakama omncane ucindezelwa ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kokugcina.
Izindlela Zokunisela Nezinhlelo
Khetha izindlela zokunisela ezifanelana nosayizi wengadi yakho kanye nesabelomali sakho. Izinhlelo ezahlukene ziletha amanzi ngendlela ephumelelayo. Indlela ngayinye inezinzuzo ezihlukile. Indlela efanele ilondoloza amanzi ngenkathi ihlangabezana nezidingo zezitshalo.
Ukunisela Ngezandla
Kuhle kakhulu ezitshalweni ezincane ezingaphansi kwezitshalo ezingama-50. Kunikeza ukulawula okunembile kokusetshenziswa kwamanzi. Sebenzisa induku yokunisela ngephethini yokufafaza emnene. Nisela ezingeni lomhlabathi kunokuba uchithe isikhathi esiningi. Kuthatha isikhathi kodwa kukuxhumanisa nezitshalo nsuku zonke. Qapha impilo yesitshalo ngasinye kalula. Kusebenza kahle kubalimi abasaqalayo.
- Kufanelekela izingadi ezingaphansi kwamamitha-skwele angu-200
- Kudingeka ukutshalwa kwezimali okuncane kwemishini
- Kuhle kakhulu ekubhekeni impilo yezitshalo
- Kudinga abasebenzi abaningi ezindaweni ezinkulu
Amapayipi Okucwilisa
Ilungele izingadi eziphakathi nendawo ezingafika kumamitha-skwele angu-500. Amapayipi anezimbobo angenisa amanzi ngqo enhlabathini. Beka phakathi kwemigqa yommbila phansi kwezitshalo. Yehlisa imfucuza yamanzi ngokuhwamuka. Iletha umswakama kancane kancane ivumela ukumuncwa kwenhlabathi. Shiya endaweni yayo yonke isizini. Xhuma ku-timer ukuze isebenze ngokuzenzakalela. Isebenza kahle kakhulu kunezifafazi ezisebenza ngaphezulu.
- Ukusebenza kahle kwamanzi kufika kumaphesenti angama-90
- Kunciphisa izinkinga zezifo zamaqabunga
- Ukufakwa okulula nokulungiswa
- Izindleko zokuqala eziphakathi nendawo ezihlala isikhathi eside
Ukunisela Ngokuconsa
Uhlelo olusebenza kahle kakhulu kunoma yiluphi usayizi wengadi. Luhambisa amanzi ngqo ezindaweni zezimpande. Lukhipha isikhala eceleni kwemigqa yokuphakelwa ezindaweni zezitshalo. Luqeda ngokuphelele imfucuza yamanzi. Lunciphisa ukukhula kokhula phakathi kwemigqa. Lushiya amaqabunga omile luvimbela izifo. Ukusetha kokuqala okubizayo okulungile ngokonga amanzi. Izinhlelo ezizenzakalelayo zisebenza ngama-timers.
- Ukusebenza kahle kwamanzi kudlula amaphesenti angama-95
- Ukulethwa okunembile esitshalweni ngasinye
- Ivumelana nanoma yikuphi ukucushwa kwengadi
- Kudingeka ukutshalwa kwezimali kokuqala okuphezulu
Izinhlelo Zokufafaza
Ifanele izingadi ezinkulu ezingaphezu kwamamitha-skwele ayi-1000. Imboza izindawo ezibanzi ngokushesha ngaphandle komsebenzi omkhulu. Sebenzisa ekuseni kakhulu kuphela. Ukusetshenziswa kwasemini kuqeda amanzi ukuze kuphume umhwamuko. Ukunisela kwakusihlwa kukhuthaza ukukhula kwezifo. Ama-sprinkler ashintshashintshayo asebenza kangcono kunezinhlobo ezimile. Faka i-intshi eli-1 ngeseshini ngayinye elinganiswe ezitsheni.
- Imboza izindawo ezinkulu kahle
- Izindleko zemishini eziphansi kunezinhlelo zokudonsa
- Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi okuphezulu sekukonke
- Kungakhuphula ukucindezeleka kwesifo samaqabunga
Izidingo Zomanyolo Wokukhiqiza Okuphezulu
Ummbila uphakathi kwezindawo zokudla ezisindayo kakhulu ezingadini zemifino. Izitshalo zikhipha inani elikhulu le-nitrogen enhlabathini. I-phosphorus isekela ukukhula kwezimpande okuqinile. I-Potassium iqinisa iziqu futhi ithuthukisa ikhwalithi yezindlebe. Ukondla njalo kugcina ukukhula okunamandla kanye nesivuno sekhwalithi.
Ukulungiselela Inhlabathi Ngaphambi Kokutshala
Yakha inhlabathi evundile ngaphambi kwesikhathi sokutshala. Yenza izinguquko emibhedeni ngesikhathi sokulungiselela intwasahlobo. Umanyolo we-organic olinganiselayo wondla izitshalo phakathi nesizini. Faka amakhilogremu angu-2 kuya kwangu-3 ngamafidi ayizikwele angu-100. Sebenza enhlabathini engaphezulu kwamasentimitha angu-6.
Umquba unikeza izakhamzimba ezikhipha kancane kancane njalo. Faka ungqimba oluyi-2 kuya ku-4 amasentimitha phezu kwendawo yokutshala. Faka kahle enhlabathini ekhona. Lesi sisekelo sisekela izitshalo kusukela ekuhlumeni kuze kube sekuvunweni.
| Izakhamzimba | Inhloso | Imithombo Yezinto Eziphilayo | Isilinganiso sohlelo lokusebenza | Isikhathi |
| I-nitrogen (N) | Ukukhula kwamaqabunga nesiqu, ukukhiqizwa kwe-chlorophyll | Ukudla kwegazi, i-emulsion yezinhlanzi, umquba ohlanganiswe nomquba | Amakhilogremu angu-3-5 nge-100 sq ft | Ingubo eseceleni uma ufika emadolweni futhi ugqoke ama-tassel |
| I-Phosphorus (P) | Ukuthuthukiswa kwezimpande, ukudluliselwa kwamandla, ukwakheka kwezindlebe | Ukudla kwamathambo, i-rock phosphate | Amakhilogremu angu-5 ngamafidi ayi-100 sq | Ngesikhathi sokutshala, kusetshenziswe enhlabathini |
| I-Potassium (K) | Ukumelana nezifo, amandla esiqu, ikhwalithi yembewu | Isihlabathi esiluhlaza, ufulawa we-kelp, umlotha wokhuni | Amakhilogremu angu-10 ngamafidi ayi-100 | Ngesikhathi sokutshala, isembatho esiseceleni ngesikhathi sokusika ama-tasseling |
| I-Calcium (Ca) | Amandla odonga lweseli, ukumuncwa kwezakhamzimba | I-lime, i-gypsum, amagobolondo amaqanda | Amakhilogremu angu-2-3 nge-100 sq ft | Ukusetshenziswa kwekwindla noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo |
| I-Magnesium (Mg) | Ukukhiqizwa kwe-chlorophyll, ukusebenza kwe-enzyme | Usawoti we-Epsom, i-dolomitic lime | I-1 lb ngamafidi ayi-100 sq | Ngesikhathi sokutshala noma njengesifutho samaqabunga |
Ukugqoka Eceleni Ngesikhathi Sokukhula
Ukufakwa kwe-nitrogen okwengeziwe kukhulisa kakhulu umkhiqizo. Faka umanyolo ohlangothini lapho izitshalo zifinyelela ukuphakama kwamadolo. Faka umanyolo ocebile nge-nitrogen emigqeni. Gcina izinto zingamasentimitha angu-1.5 ukusuka eziqwini zezitshalo. Khipha kancane emhlabathini. Nisela kahle ngemva kokufaka.
Ukondla okwesibili kwenzeka esigabeni sokuqhakaza. Lokhu kusekela ukukhula kwezindlebe nokugcwaliswa kwembewu. Sebenzisa indlela efanayo yokufaka njengokondla kokuqala. Ukudla kwegazi noma i-emulsion yenhlanzi kunikeza i-nitrogen esheshayo. Itiye lomquba linikeza ukudla okunempilo okunempilo ngamagciwane awusizo.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Izivundiso Zemvelo Uma Ziqhathaniswa Nezokwenziwa
Zombili lezi zindlela zikhulisa ummbila ngempumelelo. Umanyolo wemvelo ukhulula izakhamzimba kancane kancane. Amagciwane omhlabathi aphula izinto eziphilayo. Izitshalo zithola ukudla okunomsoco okuqhubekayo isikhathi eside. Isakhiwo somhlabathi siyathuthuka ngasikhathi sinye. Umanyolo wokwenziwa uletha izakhamzimba ngokushesha. Izitshalo zisabela ngokushesha ekusetshenzisweni.
Izindlela ze-organic zakha impilo yenhlabathi yesikhathi eside. Amanani ezinambuzane ayanda. Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kuyathuthuka. Izitshalo zesikhathi esizayo ziyazuza ezintweni eziphilayo eziqongelelwe. Umanyolo wokwenziwa awunikezi lutho ngaphandle kwezakhamzimba zezitshalo. Ikhwalithi yomhlabathi ayishintshi noma ingase yonakale.
Izinzuzo Zomanyolo Wezinto Eziphilayo
- Kuthuthukisa isakhiwo somhlabathi kanye nokugcinwa kwamanzi
- Yondla amagciwane enhlabathi awusizo
- Ukukhishwa kancane kuvimbela ukumuncwa kwezakhamzimba
- Kwakha ukuvunda kwenhlabathi isikhathi eside
- Kunciphisa ukukhathazeka ngokugeleza kwamanzi kwemvelo
- Kudala uhlelo lokukhula oluzinzile
Ukulinganiselwa Komanyolo Wezinto Eziphilayo
- Izindleko zokuqala eziphakeme ngephawundi
- Impendulo yesitshalo ebonakala kancane
- Izilinganiso zezakhamzimba aziqondile kangako
- Kungadinga inani elikhulu lokufaka isicelo
- Imiphumela incike ekushiseni kwenhlabathi
- Imithombo yemvelo iyahlukahluka ngekhwalithi
Ukuqaphela Nokulungisa Ukuntuleka Kwezakhamzimba
Izitshalo zibonisa izimpawu ezibonakalayo lapho izakhamzimba zingekho. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kuvumela ukulungiswa ngaphambi kokuba isivuno sihlupheke. Funda ukufunda izimpawu zezitshalo. Ukwelashwa okusheshayo kubuyisela ukukhula okunempilo ngokushesha.
Izimpawu Ezivamile Zokuntuleka Kokudla
Ukuntuleka kwe-nitrogen kubonakala njengamaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani noma aphuzi. Amaqabunga amadala angezansi abonisa izimpawu kuqala. Ukukhula kuhamba kancane ngokubonakalayo. Izitshalo zihlala zingakhuli kahle. Iziqu zibonakala zinciphile futhi zibuthakathaka. Faka umanyolo ocebile nge-nitrogen ngokushesha. I-emulsion yenhlanzi inikeza ukulungiswa okusheshayo. Ukudla kwegazi kunikeza imiphumela ehlala isikhathi eside.
Ukuntuleka kwe-phosphorus kudala imibala yamaqabunga ansomi noma abomvu. Lokhu kubonakala kakhulu enhlabathini epholile. Izitshalo ezincane zibonisa izimpawu ngokusobala. Ukukhula kulibaziseka kakhulu. Faka ukudla kwamathambo ezisekelweni zezitshalo. I-Rock phosphate inikeza ukutholakala kwe-phosphorus isikhathi eside.
Ukuntuleka kwe-potassium kubangela ukuphuzi nokunsundu emaphethelweni amaqabunga. Amaqabunga amadala abonisa umonakalo kuqala. Amaphethelo abonakala eshile noma eshile. Iziqu ziba buthaka kakhulu. Faka ufulawa wesihlabathi oluhlaza noma we-kelp. Umlotha wokhuni unikeza i-potassium esheshayo kodwa uphakamisa i-pH yenhlabathi.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Ukuphathwa Kwezinambuzane Nezifo Zezitshalo Zommbila Ezinempilo
Ummbila ubhekene nezinselele ezahlukahlukene zezinambuzane nezifo phakathi nesizini yokukhula. Ukuvimbela kusebenza kangcono kunokwelapha. Izitshalo ezinempilo zimelana nezinkinga ngempumelelo enkulu. Ukuqonda izinkinga ezivamile kukusiza ukuthi uphendule ngokushesha. Ukungenelela kusenesikhathi kuvimbela izinkinga ezincane ekubeni yizinhlekelele zezitshalo.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Izinambuzane Ezivamile Zommbila Nezindlela Zokulawula
Izinambuzane eziningana zihlasela ummbila ngqo. Izinambuzane ngasinye zihlasela izingxenye zezitshalo ezahlukene. Umonakalo usukela kokuhle kuya kokubhubhisayo. Ukuphathwa kwezinambuzane okuhlanganisiwe kuhlanganisa amasu amaningi okulawula. Le ndlela inciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali ngenkathi ivikela izitshalo.
I-Corn Earworm
Lesi sinambuzane sibhekwa njengesisongo esikhulu kakhulu kummbila wasekhaya. Amabhungane amadala abekela amaqanda kusilika omusha. Ama-larva ayachamisela futhi akhase phansi kusilika angene ezindlebeni ezisakhula. Ama-caterpillar adla izinhlamvu ezinqeni zendlebe. Umonakalo wonakalisa ikhwalithi yokudla futhi uvule ithuba lokungena kwezifo.
Qaphela ukuvela kwesilika eduze. Hlola izindlebe njalo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Bheka izibungu ezincane kusilika. Faka uwoyela wamaminerali eziqongweni zesilika ezinsukwini ezi-3 kuya kweziyi-7 ngemuva kokuvela kwesilika. Sebenzisa i-eyedropper ukufaka amaconsi angu-20 ngaphakathi kwesiteshi sesilika. Lokhu kuvala izibungu ezincane ngaphambi kokuba zifinyelele ezinhlamvini. Phinda ukwelashwa njalo ezinsukwini ezi-3 ngokunsunduza kwesilika.
Isikhathi Sokwelashwa: Ukwelashwa ngamafutha amaminerali kusebenza kuphela uma kusetshenziswa esigabeni esifanele. Kusenesikhathi eside kakhulu kuchitha umzamo ngoba usilika awukaphumi. Sekwephuzile kuvumela izibungu ukuthi zifinyelele ezinhlamvini. Ifasitela elifanele liyizinsuku ezi-3 kuya kweziyi-7 ngemuva kokuvela kosilika okokuqala.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
I-European Corn Borer
Lezi zibungu zingena ezinhlangeni nasezindlebeni. Izimbobo zokungena zivela ezinhlangeni. Utshani obufana nothuli lwesihlahla buqoqana ezimbobeni. Umonakalo wenza buthakathaka izinhla ezibangela ukuphuka. Izindlebe zibonisa umonakalo wokudla eduze kwezimbewu. I-Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) inikeza ukulawula okusebenzayo kwemvelo.
Faka i-Bt spray uma izitshalo zifinyelela amasentimitha angu-18 ubude. Phinda usebenzise njalo ezinsukwini ezi-5 kuya kwezingu-7. Qhubeka nesigaba sokuqhakaza. I-spray ihlose izindawo zokubeka amaqanda emaqabunga nasezinhlangeni. I-Bt ibulala izibungu ezincane ngaphambi kokuba zingene ezitshalweni. Leli gciwane eliphilayo lilimaza izibungu kuphela.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Amabhungane e-Corn Flea
Izintuthwane ezincane ezimnyama zihlasela izithombo ezincane. Ezindala zihlafuna imigodi emincane emaqabungeni. Ukudla kudala ukubukeka kwembobo. Ukuhlasela okukhulu kuyazibulala izitshalo ezincane. Izintuthwane zisabalalisa nesifo sokubuna kwamagciwane. Lesi sifo sibonakalisa silimaza kakhulu kunokudla okuqondile.
Izembozo zemigqa zivikela izithombo kumabhungane ngempumelelo. Faka izembozo ngokushesha ngemva kokutshala. Susa izembozo lapho izitshalo zifinyelela ukuphakama kwamadolo. Amabhungane aya kwezinye izindawo zokudla ngaleso sikhathi. Umhlaba one-diatomaceous ofakwe ezithonjeni unikeza isivikelo esengeziwe. Faka futhi ngemva kwemvula noma ukunisela.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Amabhungane aseJapane
Lezi zibungu eziluhlaza okwensimbi kanye nezethusi zihlakaza amaqabunga. Zidla nosilika futhi. Inqwaba yabantu ingawubhubhisa ngokuphelele usilika ngaphambi kokuthuthwa kwempova. Ukukhetha ngesandla kulawula inqwaba yabantu abancane ngempumelelo. Qoqa izibungu ekuseni kakhulu uma zihamba kancane. Zifake emanzini anensipho ukuze zilahlwe.
Izifo ze-spore zobisi zilawula izinhlayiya ze-beetle enhlabathini. Faka ngokwemiyalelo yephakheji. Imiphumela ivela phakathi kwezinkathi ezimbili kuya kwezintathu. Isifutho samafutha e-neem sixosha izinhlayiya ezindala okwesikhashana. Faka njalo ezinsukwini ezi-5 kuya kwezingu-7 ngesikhathi sezinhlayiya ze-peak beetle. Gxila kusilika ukuze uvikele ukuthuthwa kwempova.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Izintwala
Izinambuzane ezincane ezinomzimba othambile zihlangana emaqabungeni nasematheni. Zimunca uju lwesitshalo izitshalo ezibuthakathaka. Ama-aphid akhipha i-honeydew enamathelayo. Isikhunta esimnyama esinomswakama sikhula ku-honeydew. Ukutheleleka okukhulu kuvimbe ukukhula kakhulu. Ama-aphid adlulisela nezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane.
Isifutho samanzi esinamandla sikhipha ama-aphid ngempumelelo. Gxila ekufakweni kwawo ngaphansi kwamaqabunga. Phinda njalo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa njengoba kudingeka. Ama-ladybugs nama-lacewings adla ama-aphid ngokwemvelo. Gwema izibulala-zinambuzane ezibanzi ezibulala izinambuzane eziwusizo. Insipho ebulala izinambuzane inikeza ukulawula okungokwemvelo kokutheleleka okukhulu.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Amasu Okuvikela
- Tshala izinhlobo zakuqala ukuze ugweme izikhathi zezinambuzane eziyingozi kakhulu
- Susa futhi ubhubhise imfucumfucu yezitshalo ngemva kokuvuna
- Zungezisa ummbila ezindaweni ezahlukene zengadi minyaka yonke
- Lima inhlabathi ekwindla ukuze uveze izinambuzane ezihlala isikhathi eside ebusika
- Khuthaza izinambuzane ezizuzisayo ngezitshalo ezahlukahlukene
- Gada izitshalo masonto onke ukuze uthole izinambuzane kusenesikhathi
- Gcina impilo yezitshalo ngokunakekelwa okufanele
Izinketho Zokulawula Izinto Eziphilayo
- Isifutho se-Bt sezinambuzane ezidla izikelemu (izibungu, izikelemu zendlebe)
- Amafutha amaminerali okuvimbela izikelemu zendlebe
- Izembozo zemigqa zokukhipha izinambuzane
- Amafutha e-neem okuxosha amabhungane
- Insipho yokubulala izinambuzane yezinambuzane ezinomzimba othambile
- Umhlaba we-diatomaceous wezinambuzane ezinwabuzelayo
- Ukukhetha ngesandla izinambuzane ezinkulu ezibonakalayo
Ukuvimbela Nokuphatha Izifo
Izifo zesikhunta kanye namagciwane zihlasela ummbila ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle. Umswakama kanye nomswakama kukhuthaza ukukhula kwezifo. Imikhuba yamasiko ivimbela izinkinga eziningi. Izinhlobo ezimelana nezifo zinciphisa kakhulu ingcindezi yezifo.
Ukugqwala Okuvamile
Ama-pustules amancane aphakanyisiwe avela emaqabunga. Ama-pustules aqala ukuba ophuzi-orenji, abe nsundu ngokubomvu. Ukutheleleka okukhulu kunciphisa i-photosynthesis. Isivuno siyancipha ngokulahlekelwa indawo yamaqabunga. Isimo sezulu esinomswakama kanye namazinga okushisa aphakathi sithanda ukukhula. Ukugqwala kusakazeka ngokushesha phakathi kwezitshalo.
Izinhlobo zezitshalo ezimelana nokugqwala ezindaweni ezinomlando wokugqwala. Nikeza isikhala esanele sokuhamba komoya. Gwema ukuchelela ngaphezulu okugcina amaqabunga emanzi. Susa amaqabunga atheleleke kakhulu. Imithi yokubulala isikhunta esekwe esibabule inikeza ukulawula okungokwemvelo. Faka lapho kuvela izimpawu zokuqala. Phinda njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-7 kuya kwezingu-10 esimweni sezulu esimanzi.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Ibala Leqabunga Elimpunga
Izilonda ezimpunga noma ezinsundu ziqala emaqabunga. Amachashaza ahambisana nemithambo yamaqabunga. Ukutheleleka okukhulu kubangela ukuthi amaqabunga aphelele afe. Isifo sikhula kahle ezimweni ezishisayo nezinomswakama. Isikhunta sihlala ebusika emfucumfucwini yommbila enhlabathini. Izitshalo ezimpunga zithelela izitshalo ezintsha ngesizini elandelayo.
Zijwayeze ukushintshanisa izitshalo ngokucophelela. Ungalokothi utshale ummbila endaweni efanayo iminyaka ilandelana. Susa futhi ubhubhise yonke imfucumfucu yommbila ngemva kokuvuna. Lokhu kuqeda isikhunta esihlala isikhathi eside ebusika. Khetha izinhlobo ezixubile ezingamelani nezimo zezulu ezinomswakama. Gcina umoya ujikeleza kahle ngesikhala esifanele.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Ukubuna Kwamagciwane KaStewart
Lesi sifo samagciwane sidala imicu ephuzi engajwayelekile emaqabunga. Imicu ilandela imithambo yamaqabunga. Amaqabunga onke angabuna futhi afe. Izitshalo ezincane zivame ukufa ngokuphelele. Izintuthwane zezinambuzane zisakaza amagciwane phakathi kwezitshalo. Ubunzima besifo buhlobene nobuningi bezintuthwane zezinambuzane.
Lawula izimbungulu ukuze uvimbele ukusabalala kwezifo. Sebenzisa izembozo zemigqa ezitshalweni ezincane. Tshala kamuva uma inani lezimbungulu lincipha. Khetha izinhlobo zommbila omnandi ezingamelani nalesi sifo. Izinhlobo eziningana zesimanje ezixubile zimelana nalesi sifo. Susa izitshalo ezithelelekile ngokushesha ukuze uvimbele ukusabalala kwamagciwane.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
I-Corn Smut
Ama-gall amakhulu ampunga akheka ezindlebeni, emicu nasezinhlangeni. Ama-gall aqukethe izinqwaba zama-spores amnyama. Lesi sifo se-fungus sibukeka sishaqisa kodwa asivamile ukubangela ukulahlekelwa okuphelele. Ama-gall ngamanye angasuswa ngokuphephile. Amanye amasiko abheka ama-gall amancane njengento emnandi.
Susa izinyo ngaphambi kokuba ziqhume. Lokhu kuvimbela ukusabalala kwezimbotshana kwezinye izitshalo. Shisa noma ugqibe ngokujulile izinto ezithelelekile. Izimbotshana zesikhunta zihlala enhlabathini iminyaka eminingi. Zungezisa izindawo zokutshala lapho kuvela izimbotshana. Gwema umanyolo we-nitrogen owengeziwe. I-nitrogen ephezulu yandisa ukuthambekela kwezimbotshana.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
| Izifo | Izimpawu | Izimo Ezinhle | Ukuvimbela | Ukwelashwa Kwezinto Eziphilayo |
| Ukugqwala Okuvamile | Ama-pustules abomvu-orenji emaqabunga | Izinga lokushisa elimaphakathi, umswakama ophezulu | Izinhlobo ezimelana nezifo, izikhala ezinhle | Isifutho se-sulfur njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-7-10 |
| Ibala Leqabunga Elimpunga | Izilonda ezimpunga eziwunxande emaqabunga | Isimo sezulu esishisayo nesinomswakama | Ukushintshaniswa kwezitshalo, ukususwa kwemfucumfucu | Susa amaqabunga athelelekile, uthuthukise ukuhamba komoya |
| Ukuthanda kukaStewart | Imicu ephuzi, eshwabanayo | Ubusika obufudumele, inani elikhulu lamabhungane anezintwala | Lawula izimbungulu, sebenzisa izinhlobo ezimelana nazo | Susa izitshalo ezithelelekile ngokushesha |
| I-Corn Smut | Ama-gall amakhulu ampunga ezitshalweni | Isimo sezulu esishisayo, izilonda zezitshalo | Gwema i-nitrogen eningi, ukutshala kancane | Susa izinyo ngaphambi kokuba zivuleke |
| I-Northern Corn Leaf Blight | Izilonda ezinde zesikhumba ezinemingcele emnyama | Izimo ezipholile nezimanzi | Izinhlobo ezixubile ezingamelani, ukujikeleziswa kwezitshalo | Isifutho se-fungicide esenziwe ngethusi |
Ukuvimbela Umonakalo Wezilwane Zasendle
Ama-raccoon, izinyamazane nezinyoni zibangela umonakalo omkhulu kummbila. Lezi zilwane zinokuzwa okuhle kakhulu nokunuka. Zibona ummbila ovuthwayo zikude kakhulu. Ukuvikela kudinga amasu amaningi asebenzisanayo.
Ukulawulwa Kwezimpungushe
Ama-raccoon abangela ukukhungatheka okukhulu kubalimi basekhaya. Lezi zilwane ezihlakaniphile zifunda ngokushesha. Zizwa ummbila uvuthwa bese zishaya ebusuku. Izitshalo zonke zingabhujiswa ngobusuku obubodwa. Umonakalo uvela ngokuzumayo ngaphambi nje kokuvuna.
Ucingo lukagesi lunikeza isivikelo esithembeke kakhulu. Faka uhlelo lwezintambo ezimbili nxazonke kwensimu yommbila. Beka ucingo oluphansi kakhulu ngamasentimitha angu-6 ngaphezu komhlabathi. Ucingo lwesibili kufanele lube ngamasentimitha angu-12 ukuphakama. Ama-raccoon athinta zombili izintambo lapho ekhuphuka. Lokhu kushaqeka kuwaqeqesha ukugwema indawo.
Ezinye izindlela zokuvimbela zisebenza ngempumelelo ehlukahlukene. Iziteshi zokukhuluma ezidlala emsakazweni zingase zivimbele ukuvakasha. Izibani ezisebenza ngokunyakaza kanye nezifafazi zithusa izilwane. Imithi yokuxosha ama-raccoon ethengiswayo idinga ukuphinda isetshenziswe njalo. Vuna ummbila ngokushesha lapho usuvuthiwe kakhulu. Ungashiyi izikhwebu ezivuthiwe zicela ukuvakasha isikhathi eside.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Izithiyo Zokuvimbela Izinyoni
Izinyoni ziklebhula izikhwebu ezindlebeni ezivuthiwe. Amagwababa nezinyoni ezimnyama kubangela izinkinga eziningi. Umonakalo uvame ukuholela ezinkingeni zesifo sesibili. Izimbozo zemigqa zivikela izikhwebu ezikhulayo ngempumelelo. Susa izimbozo uma izikhwebu sezikhule ngokugcwele. Izinyoni zilahlekelwa yisithakazelo ezindlebeni ezivuthiwe.
Izinto zokuvimbela ezibonakalayo zisebenza okwesikhashana. Itheyiphu ekhanyayo ephephezela emoyeni yesabisa izinyoni. Izinto zokubulala izilwane kumele zihambe ukuze zisebenze kahle. Izinyoni zifunda ngokushesha ukuthi izinto ezimile aziyona ingozi. Susa izinto zokubulala izilwane njalo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Ukufaka inethi phezu kwezindlebe kunikeza isivikelo esiphelele.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Ukuphathwa Kwezinyamazane
Izinyamazane zidla izitshalo zommbila kunoma yisiphi isigaba sokukhula. Zithanda amahlumela amancane kodwa zilimaza nezitshalo ezivuthiwe. Uthango olujwayelekile lwengadi aluvimbeli izinyamazane ezizimisele. Zigxuma kalula izithiyo ezingamamitha ayi-1.5. Uthango olude noma imiklamo ehlukile iyaba yinto edingekayo.
Ucingo olulukiwe oluyimitha eyisishiyagalombili aluhlanganisi nhlobo inyamazane. Lesi sixazululo sidinga ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu. Izinhlelo zocingo oluphindwe kabili zisebenza ezindaweni eziphakeme. Faka uthango oluyimitha eyi-4 oluqhelelene ngamamitha ayi-3. Izinyamazane azikwazi ukugxuma uma zingaboni indawo yokufika. Imiklamo yothango olulodwa oluthambekile i-engela ngaphandle ngama-degree angu-45. Ukuphakama okungamamitha ayi-7 kuvimbela ukugxuma.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Ukwazi Isikhathi Sokuvuna Ukuze Uthole Ukunambitheka Okuphezulu Nekhwalithi
Isikhathi sokuvuna esiphelele senza ngcono ubumnandi kanye nokuthungwa kommbila. Izindlebe zikhula ngokushesha ezigabeni zokugcina. Usuku olulodwa lwenza umehluko omkhulu wekhwalithi. Izinkomba zokufunda zokuvuna ziqinisekisa ukuthi ukhetha kahle kakhulu. Leli khono lihlukanisa imiphumela emaphakathi nekhwalithi evelele.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Izinkomba Ezibonakalayo Zokuvuthwa
Izimpawu eziningana ezibonakalayo zibonisa ukuthi isikhathi sokuvuna sisondela. Qapha izindlebe eduze njengoba usuku lokuvuthwa lusondela. Izinkomba eziningi ndawonye ziqinisekisa ukulungela. Ukuthembela ophawini olulodwa kungaholela ekuvuneni ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma ekubambezelekeni.
Izinguquko Zombala Wesilika
Isilika esisha sivela siluhlaza okotshani kuya kophuzi-luhlaza okotshani. Umbala uyajula njengoba izindlebe zivuthwa. Izimpawu zesilika esinsundu, esomile ezisondela ekulungeleni ukuvunwa. Ukunsundu okuphelele akuqinisekisi ukuvuthwa okuphelele. Ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kuqinisekisa isigaba sangempela sokuthuthuka kwe-kernel.
Isikhathi esidlulile selokhu kwavela usilika siqondisa okulindelwe. Izinhlobo eziningi zidinga izinsuku ezingu-18 kuya kwezingu-24 kusukela kusilika kuze kube sekuvunweni. Bala izinsuku kusukela ekuveleni kokuqala kukasilika. Maka ikhalenda noma ugcine ijenali yengadi. Lokhu kulandelela kuthuthukisa ukunemba kwesikhathi ezinkathini eziningi.
Ukubukeka Kwendlebe Nokuzwa
Izindlebe ezivuthiwe zizwakala zigcwele futhi ziyindilinga. Izindlebe ezingakakhuli kahle zibonakala zicijile noma ziyisilinda. Cindezela izindlebe ngobumnene phakathi kwamakhoba. Izindlebe eziqinile zakha umuzwa oqinile nogcwele. Izikhala noma izindawo ezithambile zibonisa ukukhula okungaphelele. Izindlebe ziyaqhubeka nokukhula kuze kube yizinsuku zokugcina ngaphambi kokuvuna.
Umbala we-husk ushintsha usuka koluhlaza okotshani olukhanyayo uye kolufiphele kancane. Ama-husk angase abe nombala onsundu eziqongweni. Lokhu kushintsha kombala kusakazeka phansi njengoba izikhwebu zivuthwa. Kodwa-ke, ama-husk ahlala eluhlaza kakhulu esigabeni sokuvunwa esifanele. Ama-husk ansundu omiswe ngokuphelele abonisa ukuvuthwa ngokweqile.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Ukuhlolwa Kwezinzipho Zomunwe Ukuze Kutholakale Ukuvuthwa Okuphelele
Lolu vivinyo lwendabuko lunquma ngokunembile ukulungela ukuvuna. Hluba ngokucophelela ingxenye encane yehlumela. Veza imigqa eminingana ye-kernel. Cindezela isithonjana esincane ngokuqinile ku-kernel eyodwa. Bheka uketshezi oluphumayo.
Ukuhumusha Imiphumela Yokuhlolwa
Uketshezi oluhlanzekile olunamanzi lubonisa ukuthi izinhlamvu ezingavuthiwe. Okuqukethwe ushukela kuhlala kuphansi. Ukuthungwa kuzoba kuqinile kakhulu futhi kube nesitashi. Linda izinsuku ezi-3 kuya kwezi-5 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa futhi. Izindlebe zidinga isikhathi esengeziwe sokuthuthukiswa.
Uketshezi olumhlophe olufana nobisi lubonisa isikhathi esifanele sokuvuna. Lesi sigaba sibamba ushukela ophezulu ngaphambi kokuba kuqale ukuguqulwa kwesitashi. Ama-kernels anikeza ukuthamba okuhle. Ukunambitheka okumnandi kufinyelela phezulu ngalesi sikhathi. Vuna ngokushesha ukuze uthole ikhwalithi engcono kakhulu. Ungalibali uma lesi sigaba sivela.
Uketshezi olujiyile olunama-pastry noma ukungabi nalo uketshezi kusho ukuthi izinhlamvu ezivuthiwe ngokweqile. Isitashi sithathe indawo kashukela. Izinhlamvu ziba nzima futhi zihlafune. Ukunambitheka kuncipha kakhulu. Lezi zindlebe zisebenza njengokudla kwezilwane kodwa ziyaphoxa ukusetshenziswa etafuleni. Vuna ngokushesha kodwa lindela ikhwalithi ephansi.
Iwindi Lokuvuna: Ikhwalithi yokudla ephelele ihlala izinsuku ezintathu kuya kwezinhlanu kuphela. Ngemva kokuba isigaba sobisi sivele, okuqukethwe ushukela kwehla nsuku zonke. Isitashi siyanda ngasikhathi sinye. Hlela ukucubungula noma ukudla ummbila zingakapheli amahora amaningi kusukela ekuvuneni ukuze uthole ikhwalithi engcono kakhulu.
Isikhathi Sosuku Sibalulekile
Isikhathi sokuvuna sithinta amazinga obumnandi ngokuphawulekayo. Okuqukethwe ushukela kuyashintshashintsha usuku lonke. Ukuqonda lezi zinguquko kusiza ukwandisa ikhwalithi. Ukukha ummbila ekuseni kakhulu kuthatha ummbila umnandi kakhulu.
Izinzuzo Zokuvuna Kwasekuseni
Izitshalo ziqoqa ushukela ubusuku bonke. Amazinga okushisa apholile anciphisa ukuguqulwa koshukela ube yisitashi. Izikhwebu zasekuseni ziqukethe amazinga aphezulu obumnandi. Vuna ngaphambi kokuba amazinga okushisa akhuphuke ngaphezu kwama-degrees angu-70. Lokhu ngokuvamile kusho ukukha ngaphambi kuka-10 ekuseni ngesikhathi sasehlobo.
Ummbila wasekuseni nawo uzizwa uqinile futhi usha. Izicubu zezitshalo ziqukethe umswakama ophezulu. Izinhlayiya ziyaqhekeka kahle uma zilunywa. Leli khwalithi lokuthungwa liyawohloka njengoba usuku luqhubeka. Ukushisa kanye nokushisa kwelanga kubangela ukulahlekelwa umswakama kanye nokushintsha kokuthungwa.
Isu Elifanele Lokuvuna
Bamba indlebe ngokuqinile eduze kwesisekelo. Goba phansi ngokucijile ngenkathi ujika. Indlebe iyaqhekeka kahle esiqwini lapho inamathela khona. Gwema ukudonsa ngokushesha esitshalweni. Lokhu kungasusa noma kulimaze iziqu ngokungadingekile. Ukunyakaza okukodwa okusheshayo kususa indlebe ngokuphelele.
Vuna kuphela lokho ozokusebenzisa ngokushesha. Njalo ngehora ngemva kokukha kunciphisa ikhwalithi. Ushukela uguquka ube yisitashi njalo. Ukunambitheka kanye nokuthungwa kwehla ngokushesha. Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zilahlekelwa uhhafu kashukela wazo zingakapheli amahora angama-24 ekushiseni kwegumbi. Ukuqandisa kuyahamba kancane kodwa akumisi ukuguqulwa.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Isikhathi Sokuvuna Esandisiwe
Amasu amaningana ahlinzeka ngommbila omusha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi eside. Ukuhlela nesikhathi kudala ukutholakala okuqhubekayo. Le ndlela ivimbela amaphethini okuvuna ukudla noma indlala avamile ekutshalweni okukodwa.
Uhlelo Lokutshala Ngokulandelana
Tshala izingxenye ezintsha njalo emavikini ama-2 phakathi nesizini. Ukutshala ngakunye kuvuthwa ngesikhathi esihlukile. Lokhu kuvuna kancane kancane ezinyangeni esikhundleni sezinsuku. Qala ukutshala kokuqala ngosuku olufanele lwesifunda sakho. Yenza ukutshala kwesibili emavikini ama-2 kamuva. Qhubeka kuze kube yizinsuku ezingama-90 ngaphambi kwesithwathwa sasekwindla.
Bala usuku lokugcina lokutshala ngokucophelela. Bala ubuyela emuva kusukela eqhweni lokuqala elilindelwe. Susa izinsuku zokuvuthwa kwezinhlobo kanye nomkhawulo wokuphepha wezinsuku eziyi-10. Lokhu kunquma usuku lwakamuva lokutshala oluphephile. Ukutshala kamuva kungafaka engcupheni yokulimala kweqhwe ngaphambi kokuvuthwa.
Isu Lokuhlukahluka Okuningi
Tshala izinhlobo zakuqala, zaphakathi nesizini kanye nezasekupheleni ngesikhathi esisodwa. Uhlobo ngalunye luvuthwa ngesivinini esihlukile. Izinhlobo zakuqala zivuna kuqala. Izinhlobo zaphakathi nesizini zilandela amasonto kamuva. Izinhlobo zasekupheleni ziqeda isizini. Usuku lokutshala olulodwa luveza isikhathi sokuvuna senyanga yonke.
Khetha izinhlobo ngokucophelela zale ndlela. Qinisekisa ukuthi zonke izinhlobo zihambisana nesimo sezulu sakho. Qinisekisa izinsuku ezanele ezingenaso isithwathwa ukuze uthole izinhlobo zakamuva. Le ndlela isebenza kahle kakhulu ezindaweni ezinezinkathi zokukhula ezinde. Abalimi basenyakatho kufanele bagcizelele izinhlobo zakuqala nezesikhathi esiphakathi.
Ukuvuna Kwasekuqaleni Kwesizini (Izinsuku Ezingama-60-70)
- Lindela usayizi wezindlebe ezincane kunezinhlobo zakamuva
- Ilungele isimo sezulu sesizini esifushane
- Ivumela ukutshala okuningana ngokulandelana
- Ngokuvamile zibekezelela kakhulu ukubanda lapho zitshalwa
- Kuhle kakhulu ekuvuneni kokuqala kwesizini
Ukuvuna Kwesizini Yasekupheleni (Izinsuku ezingu-85-100)
- Ikhiqiza izindlebe ezinkulu kakhulu ezinemigqa eminingi
- Ngokuvamile ukuthuthukiswa kokunambitheka okuhle kakhulu
- Kudinga isikhathi eside esingenaqhwa
- Kuhle kakhulu ekutshalweni kwezinhlobo ezahlukene
- Iqeda isizini yengadi ngamandla
Ukulindela Kwenzuzo
Ukuqonda isivuno esingokoqobo kuyasiza ekuhleleni. Ummbila wengadi ukhiqiza ngendlela ehlukile kunezinsimu zezentengiselwano. Isikhala sezitshalo kanye nezinga lokunakekelwa kuthinta imiphumela kakhulu. Izingadi zasekhaya zivame ukuthola isivuno esiphezulu ngesitshalo ngasinye kunezolimo.
Ukukhiqizwa Kwesitshalo Ngasinye
Izitshalo eziningi zommbila zikhiqiza indlebe eyodwa evuthiwe efanele ukudliwa. Ezinye izinhlobo ezinamandla zikhula indlebe yesibili encane. Le ndlebe ivame ukuvuthwa ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kamuva kunendlebe yokuqala. Zombili izindlebe zifinyelela izinga lokudla ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele. Isikhala esanele kanye nokuzala kukhulisa ukukhiqizwa kwezindlebe ezimbili.
Bala isivuno esilindelekile ngokubala izitshalo. Cabanga ngendlebe eyodwa ngesitshalo ngasinye ukuze uhlele. Phindaphinda inani lezitshalo ngo-0.8 ukuze uthole isilinganiso esilinganiselayo. Lokhu kuveza ukwehluleka kokumpova kanye nokulahlekelwa yizinambuzane. Engeza izindlebe ezingeziwe njengezimanga ezimnandi kunokuba uzithembele kuzo.
| Usayizi Wengadi | Izitshalo | Isivuno Sokugcina | Inzuzo Enethemba | Ukudla |
| Ibhulokhi Elincane (izitshalo ezingu-4×6) | Izitshalo ezingama-24 | Izindlebe ezingu-20 | Izindlebe ezingu-30 | Ukudla okungu-10-15 komndeni wabantu abangu-4 |
| Ibhulokhi Eliphakathi (izitshalo ezingu-4×12) | Izitshalo ezingu-48 | Izindlebe ezingu-40 | Izindlebe ezingama-60 | Ukudla okungu-20-30 komndeni wabantu abangu-4 |
| Ibhulokhi Elikhulu (izitshalo ezingu-6×16) | Izitshalo ezingu-96 | Izindlebe ezingu-80 | Izindlebe eziyi-120 | Ukudla okungu-40-60 komndeni wabantu abangu-4 |
| Okukhulu Kakhulu (izitshalo ezingu-8×20) | Izitshalo eziyi-160 | Izindlebe eziyi-130 | Izindlebe ezingu-200 | Ukudla okungu-65-100 komndeni wabantu abangu-4 |
Amathiphu Okugcina Nokusebenzisa Ummbila Wakho Okhulele Ekhaya
Ukulondoloza ikhwalithi yommbila ngemva kokuvuna kudinga isinyathelo esisheshayo. Njalo ngehora kuyalibazisa ukucubungula, ikhwalithi iyehla. Izindlela eziningi zokulondoloza zifanelana nokusetshenziswa okuhlukile. Ukuqonda inqubo ngayinye kukhulisa inani lakho lokuvuna. Ukugcina kahle ummbila kwandisa injabulo yommbila otshalwe ekhaya izinyanga.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Izindlela Zokugcina Zesikhathi Esifushane
Ummbila omusha ugcina ikhwalithi engcono kakhulu isikhathi esilinganiselwe. Ngisho nokuqandisa kunciphisa ukulahleka kwekhwalithi kuphela. Sebenzisa lezi zindlela uma udla zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa. Ijubane lihlala libalulekile ekugcineni ubumnandi nokuthungwa.
Ukuqandisa Okusheshayo
Beka ummbila ongakafakwanga efrijini ngemuva kokuvuna. Shiya amakhoba engathintekile ngesikhathi sokugcina. Lokhu kupakisha kwemvelo kuvikela izinhlamvu futhi kugcina umswakama. Gcina esikhwameni sepulasitiki ukuze kulondolozwe umswakama. Ummbila uhlala izinsuku ezi-3 kuya kwezi-5 ngale ndlela. Ikhwalithi yehla nsuku zonke ngisho noma uqandisiwe.
Izinhlobo ezikhuliswe ushukela zigcina kangcono kunezinhlobo ezijwayelekile. Ushukela okhulisiwe uguqulwa ube isitashi kancane. Izinhlobo ezimnandi kakhulu zigcina ikhwalithi isikhathi eside. Lezi zingagcina ikhwalithi eyamukelekayo kuze kube yisonto elilodwa ziqandisiwe. Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile kufanele zisetshenziswe zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbili ukuze kube nokunambitheka okuhle kakhulu.
Isitoreji Samanzi Eqhwa
Le ndlela yokudlela yandisa ikhwalithi yamahora amaningana engeziwe. Gcwalisa isitsha esikhulu noma esipholile ngamanzi eqhwa. Faka izindlebe ezingamboziwe ngokuphelele. Gcina isitsha esiqandisini noma endaweni epholile. Shintsha iqhwa njengoba lincibilika. Lokhu kupholisa kakhulu ukuguqulwa koshukela okumisa ummbila cishe ngokuphelele. Kusebenza amahora ayi-12 kuya kwangu-24 ubuningi.
Ukuqandisa Ukuze Kugcinwe Isikhathi Eside
Ukuqandisa kugcina ikhwalithi yommbila izinyanga ezingu-8 kuya kwezingu-12. Indlela efanele igcina ukunambitheka kanye nokuthungwa kahle kakhulu. Ukuqandisa ngaphambi kokuqandisa kusabalulekile. Le nqubo imisa umsebenzi wama-enzyme obangela ukulahlekelwa yikhwalithi ngesikhathi sokugcina siqandisiwe.
Inqubo Yokuhlanza Isikhumba
Bilisa imbiza enkulu yamanzi. Susa amakhoba kanye nosilika ngokuphelele kummbila. Faka izikhwebu emanzini abilayo. Izikhwebu ezincane zidinga imizuzu eyi-7. Izikhwebu eziphakathi zidinga imizuzu eyi-9. Izikhwebu ezinkulu zidinga imizuzu eyi-11. Isikhathi esifanele semiphumela emihle kakhulu.
Lungisa i-ice bath esitsheni esikhulu ngaphambi kokuyigcoba. Gcwalisa ngengxenye yeqhwa, ingxenye yamanzi. Dlulisa ummbila ocoliwe ngokushesha e-ice bath. Phola ngokuphelele, cishe ngesikhathi esifanayo ne-blanching. Lokhu kupholisa okusheshayo kuyayekisa inqubo yokupheka. Susa izindlebe bese ukhipha amanzi kahle.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Ukuqandisa Indlebe Yonke
Songa indlebe ngayinye enombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngayinye ngepulasitiki. Beka izindlebe ezigoqiwe ezikhwameni zesiqandisi. Khipha umoya omningi ngangokunokwenzeka ngaphambi kokuvala. Lebula izikhwama ngezinhlobo ezahlukene bese ubhala usuku. Beka isikhwama esicaba esiqandisini ukuze ugcine kahle. Izindlebe eziphelele zisebenza kahle ekushiseni noma ekuthoseni ngemva kokuncibilika.
Ngaphandle kwalokho, sebenzisa i-vacuum sealer ukuze uthole imiphumela emihle kakhulu. Ummbila ovalwe nge-vacuum umelana nokushiswa efrijini isikhathi eside. Ikhwalithi ihlala inhle unyaka wonke. Ukutshalwa kwezimali kokuqala kwemishini kuletha izinzuzo zezindawo zokugcina izinto eziqinile.
Ukuqandisa Ummbila Osikiwe
Susa izinhlamvu zesikhwebu ngemuva kokuzipheka nokuzipholisa. Sebenzisa ummese obukhali ukuze unciphise ubude besikhwebu. Phendula indlebe bese uphinda uzungeze. Khuhla isikhwebu ngemuva kommese. Lokhu kukhulula izingcezu ezisele zesikhwebu kanye nobisi olumnandi.
Faka izinhlamvu ezisikiwe ngephakheji ngezingxenye ezilinganisiwe. Izikhwama zefriji zephayinti noma zekota zisebenza kahle. Fafaza izikhwama ngaphambi kokuziqandisa ukuze zincibilike ngokushesha kamuva. Lebula ngobuningi nosuku. Sakaza izikhwama phansi efrijini kuqala. Beka inqwaba ngemva kokuqandisa ngokuphelele. Ummbila osikiwe uncibilika ngokushesha ukuze usetshenziswe ezindleleni zokupheka.
Izinzuzo Zokuqandisa
- Igcina ukunambitheka kahle kakhulu
- Inqubo elula edinga imishini eyisisekelo
- Isebenza ngokulinganayo kuzo zonke izinhlobo zommbila
- Isitoreji sihlala izinyanga ezingu-8 kuya kwezingu-12
- Igcina inani lokudla okunempilo ngempumelelo
- Izingxenye ezilula zokukhonza kanye zingenzeka
Ukulinganiselwa Kokuqandisa
- Kudinga isinyathelo sokubhaka ngaphambi kokubanda
- Ukuthungwa kuthambile kancane kunokusha
- Ifuna indawo eyanele yesiqandisi
- Ukuphela kukagesi kuyingozi yokulahlekelwa ummbila ogciniwe
- Kungcono kakhulu ukusebenzisa phakathi nonyaka owodwa
- Awukwazi ukuqandisa ummbila oluhlaza ngempumelelo
Ukukhenisela Isitoreji Esizinzile Eshalofini
Ukugalela ummbila emathinini kudala ummbila ohlala isikhathi eside eshalofini ohlala iminyaka eminingana. Le ndlela idinga i-pressure canner. Ummbila ukudla okune-asidi ephansi okudinga ukucutshungulwa okushisa okuphezulu. Ukugalela amanzi emathinini akuphephile kummbila. Ukugalela ummbila emathinini kuvimbela ngokuphelele ingozi ye-botulism.
Ukukheniwa kwe-Kernel Ephelele
Sika izinhlamvu eziqoshwe ezindlebeni ezicwebezelayo. Faka izinhlamvu ezingavuthiwe ezitsheni ezihlanzekile zephayinti. Shiya isikhala sekhanda esingu-1 intshi phezulu. Engeza ithisipuni elilodwa likasawoti ngephayinti ngalinye uma uthanda. Thela amanzi abilayo phezu kwezinhlamvu. Gcina isikhala sekhanda esingu-1 intshi. Susa amabhamuza omoya ngommese noma nge-spatula.
Sula amarimu amabhodlela. Faka izivalo namabhande ngeminwe. Faka i-pressure canner ngokucindezela okungamakhilogremu angu-10. Amaphayinti adinga imizuzu engu-55. Ama-quart adinga imizuzu engu-85. Lungisa ingcindezi ukuze ifinyelele ukuphakama. Vumela i-canner ukuthi inciphise ukucindezeleka ngokwemvelo. Susa amabhodlela bese uphola ngokuphelele. Hlola izivalo ngaphambi kokugcina.
Isexwayiso Sokuphepha: Ungalokothi uzame ukufaka ummbila ebhodweni usebenzisa indlela yokugeza ngamanzi. Ummbila udinga ukufakwa ebhodweni ngengcindezi ukuze ufinyelele amazinga okushisa abhubhisa amagciwane ayingozi. Landela njalo iziqondiso zamanje ze-USDA zemikhuba yokubeka ebhodweni ekhaya ephephile.
Ukukheniwa Kommbila Okwenziwe Ngesitayela Sikakhilimu
Sika izinhlamvu zesikhwebu zibe yisigamu sokujula. Khuhla izinhlamvu ezisele kanye nobisi ngemuva kommese. Hlanganisa namanzi noma uketshezi lommbila oluyisigamu. Shisa ingxube kuze kube yilapho ibila. Faka kushise ezitsheni ezihlanzekile. Shiya isikhala sekhanda esingu-1 intshi. Hlanganisa amaphayinti imizuzu engu-85 ngokucindezela kwamakhilogremu angu-10.
Ummbila wesitayela sikakhilimu wenza isidlo sasebusika esilula. Ukuthungwa kwawo kufana nommbila osemathinini othengiswayo. Ukunambitheka kwawo kudlula kakhulu izinhlobo ezithengwa esitolo. Kusetshenziswa kuma-casserole, amasobho kanye nezindlela zokupheka zendabuko ezibiza ummbila osemathinini.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Ukomisa Nokumisa Amanzi
Ummbila owomile udala ukunambitheka okugxilile kokusetshenziswa okuthile. Le ndlela yokulondoloza ikhiqiza umkhiqizo ohluke ngokuphelele. Ummbila owomile uphinde umanziswe ukuze usetshenziswe ezisobheni nasezitshulwini. Ukugaya kudala umgubo wommbila wokubhaka. Ukuqeda amanzi emzimbeni kusindisa isikhala esikhulu sefriji.
Indlela ye-Dehydrator
Hlanza ummbila njengowokuqandisa. Sika izikhwebu ngokuphelele. Sakaza ungqimba olulodwa kumathileyi okususa amanzi emzimbeni. Beka izinga lokushisa ku-125 degrees Fahrenheit. Yomisa kuze kube yilapho izikhwebu ziqine futhi ziqhekeka. Lokhu kudinga amahora angu-8 kuya kwangu-12 ngokuvamile. Jikelezisa amathileyi ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze ome ngokulinganayo.
Pholisa ummbila owomile ngokuphelele ngaphambi kokupakisha. Gcina ezitsheni ezingangeni moya. Amabhodlela engilazi asebenza kahle kakhulu. Gcina endaweni epholile, emnyama. Ummbila owomile kahle ugcinwa unyaka owodwa noma ngaphezulu. Phinda umanzise ngokucwilisa emanzini amahora amaningana ngaphambi kokusebenzisa.
Okunye Kokomisa Ihhavini
Beka ihhavini ezingeni lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu. Sakaza izinhlayiya ezibomvu emaphepheni okubhaka. Beka kuhhavini ushiye umnyango uvuleke kancane. Lokhu kuvumela umswakama ukuthi uphume. Hlanganisa izinhlayiya njalo ngehora. Ukomisa kuthatha amahora angu-6 kuya kwangu-10 kuye ngokuthi izinga lokushisa lehhavini linjani. Hlola ukuthi aziqinile yini ngaphambi kokususa.
Ukusetshenziswa Kokudala Kommbila Ogciniwe
Ummbila ogciniwe uletha ukunambitheka kwasehlobo ekudleni kwasebusika. Indlela ngayinye yokugcina ifanelana nokulungiselela okuhlukile. Ukuqonda ukusetshenziswa okungcono kakhulu kohlobo ngalunye kukhulisa inani lesivuno sakho esigciniwe.
Izindlebe Eziphelele Eziqandisiwe
- Ncibilikisa bese ugrila ukuze uthole ukunambitheka kwasehlobo noma nini
- Ukubhaka kuhhavini ukuze kusetshenziswe esitsheni esiseceleni
- I-microwave ukuze uthole ummbila osheshayo esikhwebeni
- Sika kusuka esikhweni ngenkathi uqandisiwe ukuze uthose
- Faka ezingxubeni zemifino yasehlobo
Okuhle kakhulu: Izindlela zokupheka ezidinga ukuvezwa kommbila esiqwini noma ukunambitheka kommbila othosiwe.
Ama-Kernels Aqandisiwe
- Faka ngqo esobho ngaphandle kokuncibilikiswa
- Hlanganisa ne-cornbread noma i-muffin batter
- Dala i-corn salsa noma i-relish
- Faka kuma-casserole nama-pot pie
- Yenza i-succotash ngobhontshisi be-lima
Okuhle kakhulu: Izindlela zokupheka ezidinga inani elilinganisiwe lezimbewu zommbila noma ukulungiswa okusheshayo.
Ummbila Osemathinini
- Ukudla okuphuthumayo okungadingi ugesi
- Ama-casserole ommbila endabuko
- Ukudla okusheshayo kwaseceleni kokudla kwasebusuku phakathi nesonto
- Ukudla kokukhempa nokuhamba
- Isithako sesisekelo se-corn chowder
Okuhle kakhulu: Indawo yokugcina izinto ehlala isikhathi eside kanye nezindlela zokupheka zommbila ezivamile ezifakwe emathinini ekhaya.
Ummbila Owomisiwe
- Phinda uphuze amanzi ukuze uthole isobho elimnandi lasebusika
- Gaya ube umbila omusha
- Yenza i-posole yendabuko
- Engeza ezinhlanganisweni zokuxuba umzila
- Dala ezinye izindlela ezihlukile ze-popcorn
Okuhle kakhulu: Indawo yokugcina izinto eyonga isikhala kanye nemikhiqizo yommbila ekhethekile njengofulawa wommbila.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Ukuxazulula Izinkinga Zokukhula Kommbila Ovamile
Ngisho nabalimi abanolwazi babhekana nezinselele zokutshala ummbila. Ukuqonda izinkinga ezivamile kukusiza ukuthi uphendule ngempumelelo. Ukuxilongwa okusheshayo kuvimbela izinkinga ezincane ukuthi zingabi ukwehluleka kwezitshalo. Izinkinga eziningi zinezixazululo ezilula uma zitholakala kusenesikhathi.
Izinkinga Ezimbi Zokuhluma
Imbewu ayiphumeleli ukuvela ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukene. Inhlabathi ebandayo nemanzi ibangela ukwehluleka kokuhluma okuningi. Imbewu yommbila iyabola ngaphambi kokuhluma ngaphansi kwalezi zimo. Izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi elingaphansi kwama-degrees Fahrenheit angu-60 lidala izinkinga. Imbewu ingase ihlale amasonto ingahlumi.
Izixazululo Zezinkinga Zokuhluma
Linda izinga lokushisa elifanele lenhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala. Hlola nge-thermometer yenhlabathi ekujuleni okungamasentimitha angu-2. Thatha ukufundwa ekuseni lapho inhlabathi ipholile khona. Tshala kuphela lapho izinga lokushisa lifinyelela kuma-degrees angu-60 noma ngaphezulu njalo. Sebenzisa i-mulch yepulasitiki emnyama ukuze ufudumale inhlabathi ngokushesha entwasahlobo.
Thuthukisa ukugeleza kwamanzi enhlabathini ezindaweni lapho amanzi emi khona. Imibhede ephakanyisiwe ixazulula izinkinga eziningi zenhlabathi ebandayo, emanzi. Faka izinto eziphilayo enhlabathini yobumba esindayo. Lokhu kuthuthukisa kokubili ukugeleza kwamanzi kanye nezici zokufudumala. Cabanga ukuqala izinhlobo ezimnandi kakhulu endlini. Tshala kabusha ngokucophelela lapho izimo zangaphandle zithuthuka.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Ukugcwaliswa Kwendlebe Okungaphelele kanye Nezinhlayiya Ezingekho
Izindlebe ezinezikhala noma izinhlamvu ezingekho zibonisa ukwehluleka kokumpontshelwa impova. Lokhu kuphakathi kwezinkinga eziningi zommbila ezidumazayo. Kunezici eziningana eziphazamisa ukumpontshelwa kwempova okuphumelelayo. Ukuqonda izimbangela kusiza ukuvimbela ukwenzeka kwesikhathi esizayo.
Izimbangela Zenkinga Yokungcoliswa Kwempova
Ukuhleleka okubi kwebhulokhi kudala ukutholakala kwempova okunganele. Imigqa eyodwa ayinazo izindlela ezanele zokungenisa impova. Umoya kumele uthwale impova usuka emathangeni aseduze uye kusilika. Izitshalo ezihlukanisiwe noma imigqa emide inciphisa ukungenisa impova ngempumelelo. Ukucindezeleka kwesomiso ngesikhathi sokungenisa impova kuphazamisa ukukhula kwempova kanye nokwamukela isilika.
Ukushisa okukhulu okungaphezu kwama-degrees angu-95 konakalisa impova. Amazinga okushisa aphansi angaphansi kwama-degrees angu-55 anciphisa ukukhishwa kwempova. Ngayinye yalezi zimo idala izikhala ekukhuleni kwembewu. Ukungafani kwesikhathi phakathi kweshede lempova nokuvela kwesilika kubangela izinkinga. Isilika yasekuqaleni iphuma ngaphambi kokukhishwa kwempova. Isilika yamuva ivele ngemva kokuphela kwempova.
Ukuvimbela Ukwehluleka Kokungcoliswa Kwempova
Hlala utshala ummbila ngamabhulokhi kunokuthi utshale imigqa eyodwa. Ibhulokhi elincane kufanele libe nemigqa emi-4 enezitshalo ezi-4 ngasinye. Amabhulokhi amakhulu athuthukisa amazinga empumelelo yokuvundisa impova. Beka izitshalo endaweni efanele uvumela ukugeleza komoya okuhle. Izitshalo eziminyene ziphazamisa ukuhamba kwempova.
Gcina umswakama wenhlabathi uhambisana ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kanye nezigaba zesilika. Lesi sikhathi samasonto amabili sinquma ukukhula kwembewu. Ngisho nokucindezeleka kwesomiso okufushane kunciphisa impumelelo yokuvundisa impova. Nisela kakhulu kabili ngesonto phakathi nalesi sikhathi esibucayi. I-mulch isiza ukugcina umswakama wenhlabathi ulingana.
Faka impova ngesandla uma isimo sezulu singesihle. Qoqa impova emaqoqweni esikhwameni sephepha. Shukumisa amaqoma ngamandla ukuze ukhulule impova. Fafaza impova ngokushesha kusilika omusha. Phinda nsuku zonke izinsuku ezi-3. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthuthwa kwempova naphezu kwezinselele zesimo sezulu.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Ukukhula Kwezitshalo Okungazinzile
Izitshalo ezihlala zincane naphezu kwesikhathi esanele zibonisa izinkinga. Izinto eziningi zibangela ukukhula okubambezelekile. Ukuthola imbangela ethile kuqondisa ukulungiswa okufanele. Izimbangela eziningi zihlobene nezimo zenhlabathi noma ukuntuleka kwezakhamzimba.
Ukuhlonza Izinkinga Zokukhula
Hlola i-pH yenhlabathi kuqala uma izitshalo zibonakala zingakhuli kahle. Ummbila ukhula kabi ngaphandle kobubanzi be-pH obungu-6.0 kuya ku-6.8. Izakhamzimba azitholakali emazingeni e-pH angalungile. Hlola inhlabathi bese ulungisa uma kudingeka. I-lime inyusa i-pH. I-sulfur yehlisa i-pH. Kokubili kudinga isikhathi ukuze kusebenze.
Ukuntuleka kwe-nitrogen kubangela ukukhula okungapheli. Amaqabunga aphansi aphenduka aphuzi kanti amaqabunga aphezulu ahlala eluhlaza. Ukukhula kuhamba kancane kakhulu. Faka umanyolo ocebile nge-nitrogen ngokushesha. Ukudla kwegazi noma i-emulsion yenhlanzi kunikeza imiphumela esheshayo. Faka eceleni eceleni kwemigqa kude neziqu. Nisela kahle ngemva kokufaka.
Inhlabathi ehlanganisiwe ivimbela ukukhula kwezimpande. Izimpande azikwazi ukungena ezingqimbeni eziqinile. Izitshalo zihlala zingakhuli kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zinothe kangakanani. Sebenzisa izinto eziphilayo ngokujulile enhlabathini. Lokhu kuthuthukisa isakhiwo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Sebenzisa i-broadfork ukuqhekeza izingqimba ezihlanganisiwe ngaphandle kokuguqula inhlabathi.
Ukuphuka Kwesiqu Nokuhlala
Iziqu zommbila ziyaphuka noma ziwela phezu kwezitshalo ezidilikile. Le nkinga iyanda njengoba izindlebe zivuthwa futhi izitshalo ziba nzima. Kunezici eziningana ezibangela ukuba iziqu zibe buthakathaka. Ukuvimbela kusebenza kangcono kunokuzama ukusindisa izitshalo eziwile.
Izimbangela Zeziqu Ezibuthakathaka
Ukweqisa kwe-nitrogen kudala ukukhula okuluhlaza nokubuthakathaka. Izitshalo zikhula amaqabunga aqinile kodwa zibe neziqu ezincane. Azikwazi ukusekela isisindo sazo. Nciphisa amazinga okusetshenziswa kwe-nitrogen. Gxila ekuvundiseni okulinganiselayo. I-Potassium iqinisa izindonga zamaseli kanye nesakhiwo sesiqu.
Ukukhula kwezimpande ezingajulile kwenza izitshalo zingazinzi. Lokhu kubangelwa ukunisela okungajulile njalo. Izimpande zihlala eduze kobuso zifuna umswakama. Ukunisela okujulile nokungavamile kukhuthaza izimpande ezijulile. Lokhu kugxilisa izitshalo kangcono emoyeni. Kunisela kahle inhlabathi ngama-intshi angu-12 ukujula.
Izimbobo zommbila zingena eziqwini ezibuthakathaka. Izingcezu ezonakele ziyaphuka kalula. Lawula izimbobo ngokufaka i-Bt spray. Qala ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi ngaphambi kokuba izibungu zingene eziqwini. Ukuvimbela kumisa umonakalo ngaphambi kokuba uqale.
Ukusekela Izitshalo Eziwile
Beka izitshalo ngazinye uma ziqala ukuthambekela. Shayela izinti eduze kwezitshalo ngaphandle kokulimaza izimpande. Bopha izinti kalula ezintini usebenzisa izinto ezithambile. Lokhu kuvimbela ukuminyana njengoba izinti zikhula. Hlukanisa inhlabathi eduze kwesisekelo sezitshalo. Ukumbozwa okwengeziwe kwenhlabathi kukhuthaza izimpande ezengeziwe zokusekela ukuthi zikhule.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Izinkinga Ezingavamile Zokuthuthukiswa Kwendlebe
Ngezinye izikhathi izindlebe zikhula ngendlela engavamile ngisho nangokunakekelwa okufanele. Ukuqonda lezi zinto ezingavamile kukusiza ukuthi usabele ngendlela efanele. Izinguquko eziningi ezingavamile azibonisi izinkinga ezinkulu. Kodwa-ke, kunezinye izimo zesignali ezidinga ukunakwa.
Ukuthuthukiswa Kwezindlebe Eziningi
Ezinye izitshalo zikhiqiza izindlebe ezimbili noma ezintathu. Indlebe yokuqala ikhula ngokujwayelekile. Izindlebe zesibili zivame ukuhlala zincane. Lokhu kwenzeka ezitshalweni eziqinile ezinezimo ezinhle zokukhula. Vumela zombili izindlebe zivuthwe uma isitshalo sibonakala siphilile. Susa izindlebe ezengeziwe kuphela uma isitshalo sibonisa ukucindezeleka. Ukususa izindlebe zesibili akuthuthukisi kakhulu ikhwalithi yendlebe yokuqala.
Ama-Tassels Ezindlebeni
Ngezinye izikhathi ama-tassel aphuma ezindlebeni ezisakhula. Lokhu kubangelwa ukucindezeleka kwemvelo ngesikhathi sokwakheka kwezindlebe. Izinga lokushisa eliphakeme, isomiso noma ukungalingani kwezakhamzimba kubangela lokhu. Izindlebe zivame ukukhula ngokujwayelekile naphezu kokuba khona kwama-tassel. Ukukhula okungavamile akuvamile ukuthinta ikhwalithi. Susa ama-tassel uma ephazamisa ukuvela kwesilika.
Izindlebe zeNubbin
Izindlebe ezincane ezinezinhlamvu ezimbalwa zikhula ngenxa yokwehluleka kokumpontshelwa kwempova. Isimo sezulu esibi ngesikhathi esibucayi sibangela ama-nubbins. Ukucindezeleka kwesomiso kuvimbela ukukhula kwezindlebe okuvamile. Izitshalo ezingaphansi kokucindezeleka okukhulu zikhiqiza izindlebe ezincane kuphela. La ma-nubbins ngeke athuthuke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Zisuse ukuze uqondise kabusha amandla ezitshalo. Gxila ekuvimbeleni ukucindezeleka ngesikhathi sesizini ezayo.
Kungani amaqabunga ami ommbila enemiphetho ensundu?
Imiphetho yamaqabunga ansundu ivame ukukhombisa ukuntuleka kwe-potassium noma ukucindezeleka kwesomiso. Ukuntuleka kwe-potassium kubangela ukuphuzi kulandelwe ukumnyama emaphethelweni amaqabunga. Amaqabunga amadala abonisa izimpawu kuqala. Faka ufulawa oluhlaza noma i-kelp ukuze ulungise ukuntuleka. Ukucindezeleka kwesomiso kudala izimpawu ezifanayo. Qinisekisa ukunisela okujulile njalo, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sezulu esishisayo. Hlola umswakama wenhlabathi njalo ekujuleni okungamasentimitha angu-4 kuya kwangu-6.
Ngingakwazi yini ukulondoloza imbewu evela kummbila wami oxubile ngonyaka ozayo?
Ukulondoloza imbewu kummbila oxubile kuveza imiphumela engalindelekile. Izinhlobo ezixubile zivela ekuhlanganiseni izinhlobo ezimbili zabazali. Izitshalo zesizukulwane sesibili zibuyela ezicini zabazali. Izindlebe zizohluka ngobukhulu, ukuvuthwa kanye nekhwalithi. Isivuno ngokuvamile sincipha kakhulu. Izinhlobo ezivulekile kanye nezinhlobo zefa zizala ngempela ngembewu egciniwe. Khetha lezi uma ukulondoloza imbewu kukuthakazelisa. Izinzuzo zamandla ezixubile zihlala isizukulwane esisodwa kuphela.
Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi ummbila wami une-corn smut?
I-corn smut idala ama-gall anombala ompunga ahlukile kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yesitshalo. Ama-gall avela ezindlebeni, eziqwini, emathangeni noma emaqabunga. Aqala amancane futhi avuvukale kakhulu. Ama-gall amancane abukeka emhlophe-mpunga futhi azizwa eqinile. Ama-gall avuthiwe aba mnyama njengoba kuvela ama-spores. Ama-gall ekugcineni ayaqhuma akhipha ama-spores amnyama ayimpuphu. Susa futhi ubhubhise ama-gall ngaphambi kokuba avuleke. Lokhu kuvimbela ukusabalalisa ama-spores kwezinye izitshalo. Amanye amasiko abheka ama-gall amancane njengento emnandi.
Kungani izitshalo zami zommbila zikhulisa ama-tiller?
Ama-tiller ayihlumela elikhula esisekelweni sesitshalo. Ezinye izinhlobo ngokwemvelo zikhiqiza ama-tiller amaningi kunezinye. Isikhala esanele kanye nokuzala kwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwama-tiller. Ama-tiller awavamile ukukhiqiza izindlebe ezingavunwa. Anikela ngempova ekuthuthweni kwempova kwesiqu esiyinhloko. Shiya ama-tiller enamathele ngaphandle kokuthi aminyanise izitshalo eziseduze. Ukususa ama-tiller akuthuthukisi ukukhiqizwa kwezindlebe zesiqu esiyinhloko. Ama-tiller engeziwe abonisa izitshalo ezinempilo nezinamandla.
Yini ebangela izithombo zommbila ezinombala onsomi?
Umbala onsomi emmbileni omncane ubonisa ukuntuleka kwe-phosphorus. Lokhu kuvame ukuvela ezimweni ezibandayo zomhlabathi. Amazinga okushisa apholile avimbela izimpande ekumunceni i-phosphorus ngempumelelo. Izithombo zivame ukukhula zingabi nsomi njengoba isimo sezulu sishisa. Faka umanyolo ocebile nge-phosphorus njengokudla kwamathambo uma umbala uqhubeka. Qinisekisa ukuthi izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi lifinyelela kuma-degrees angu-60 noma ngaphezulu. Umbala onsomi ekuqaleni kwesizini ngokuvamile awuthinti isivuno sokugcina.
Uhambo Lwakho Lokuya Empumelelweni Yokukhulisa Ummbila
Ukutshala ummbila kuhlanganisa ngempumelelo isayensi nobuciko. Ukuqonda izidingo zezitshalo kunikeza isisekelo. Ukunaka imininingwane ngezikhathi ezibucayi kunquma imiphumela. Isizini ngayinye ifundisa izifundo ezintsha mayelana nezimo zakho zengadi. Impumelelo iyathuthuka ngolwazi kanye nokubuka.
Qala ngokukhetha izinhlobo ezifanele zesifunda sakho. Lungisa inhlabathi kahle ngaphambi kwesikhathi sokutshala. Tshala ngamabhulokhi kunokuba utshale imigqa eyodwa. Gcina umswakama ohambisanayo phakathi nenkathi yokukhula. Yondla izitshalo ngokwanele ukuze usekele ukukhula okusheshayo. Qaphela izinambuzane nezifo njalo. Vuna lapho sezivuthiwe kakhulu ukuze uthole ikhwalithi ephezulu.
Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezixazululo eziphezulu.
Ummbila omnandi otshalwe ekhaya uvuza imizamo yakho ngendlela emangalisayo. Umehluko wokunambitheka uma uqhathaniswa nommbila othengwa esitolo umangaza iningi labalimi. Lokhu kushukumisa ukulinywa okuqhubekayo kanye nentuthuko. Yabelana ngempumelelo yakho nomakhelwane nabangani. Ummbila omusha uyizipho ezamukelekayo phakathi nezinyanga zasehlobo.
Gcina amarekhodi ezinhlobo ezitshaliwe kanye nemiphumela efinyelelwe. Qaphela izinsuku zokutshala, amaphethini ezulu kanye nezinsuku zokuvuna. La marekhodi aqondisa ukuhlela isizini esizayo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uzobona izinhlobo ezisebenza kahle kakhulu ezimweni zakho ezithile. Amakhono akho okukhulisa ummbila azothuthuka minyaka yonke.
Ukwaneliseka kokutshala ukudla kwakho kudlulela ngale kokunambitheka. Ulawula izindlela zokutshala ngokuphelele. Ukukhiqizwa kwemvelo kuba lula ezingadini zasekhaya. Uyazi kahle ukuthi yini eyafakwa ekukhuliseni isivuno sakho. Lolu lwazi luletha ukuthula kwengqondo lapho yonke indlebe idliwe.
Ukufunda Okuqhubekayo
Uma ukujabulele lokhu okuthunyelwe, ungaphinda uthande lezi ziphakamiso:
- Umhlahlandlela Ophelele Wokukhulisa Ama-guava Ekhaya
- Kusukela Embewini Kuya Ekuvunweni: Umhlahlandlela Ophelele Wokukhulisa I-Zucchini
- Umhlahlandlela Wokukhulisa I-Kale Engcono Kakhulu Engadini Yakho