Umhlahlandlela Ophelele Wokukhulisa Ama-Avocado Ekhaya
Kushicilelwe: Disemba 28, 2025 17:53:14 UTC
Kukhona okuthile okwanelisa kakhulu ngokutshala ama-avokhado akho. Cabanga ngokungena engadini yakho ukuze uvune izithelo ezinokhilimu, ezinomsoco ozikhulise kusukela embewini kuya esihlahleni. Nakuba ukutshala ama-avokhado kudinga isineke, umvuzo wokubukela imbewu encane iguquka ibe umuthi omuhle othela izithelo ezimnandi wenza uhambo lube lufanele.
A Complete Guide to Growing Avocados at Home
Kungani Utshala Ama-Avocado Akho?
Ukutshala ama-avokhado ekhaya kunikeza izinzuzo eziningi ngale kwenjabulo esobala yokuvuna izithelo zakho. Izihlahla ze-avokhado zihlala ziluhlaza zinamaqabunga amahle, acwebezelayo anezela inani lokuhlobisa kunoma iyiphi ingadi. Zingatshalwa ngaphandle ezindaweni ezifanelekile noma njengezitshalo ezifakwe ebhodweni ezindaweni ezipholile. Ama-avokhado akhulele ekhaya asha, avame ukuba mnandi, futhi awanayo imithi yokubulala izinambuzane ethengiswayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ukwaneliseka kokunakekela isitshalo kusukela embewini kuya esihlahleni esithela izithelo - okuhlangenwe nakho okuvuzayo okukuxhumanisa nomjikelezo wokukhula wemvelo.
Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokutshala umuthi we-avocado sasiyiminyaka eyi-10 edlule. Isikhathi sesibili esihle kakhulu sinamuhla." – Ukuhlakanipha kokutshala ingadi okulungiselelwe umlimi we-avocado onesineke
Ukulungisa Imbewu Yakho Ye-Avocado
Nakuba ukuthenga umuthi oxhunyelelwe esivandeni kuzothela izithelo ngokushesha (iminyaka engu-3-4 uma kuqhathaniswa neminyaka engu-5-13 yezihlahla ezitshalwe ngembewu), ukuqala ngembewu kuyinqubo ejabulisayo nefundisayo. Nansi indlela yokulungisa imbewu ye-avocado ukuze ihlume:
Indlela Yokunquma Amazinyo
- Khipha imbewu - Susa imbewu ngokucophelela ku-avokhado evuthiwe ngaphandle kokuyinquma noma ukuyilimaza.
- Hlanza kahle - Geza imbewu ngaphansi kwamanzi afudumele ukuze ususe yonke inyama yezithelo, engabangela isikhunta.
- Thola phezulu nangaphansi - Iphansi (elithambile kancane elinophawu oluyindilinga) lizokhula izimpande, kanti phezulu (elicijile kakhulu) lizokhula isiqu.
- Faka amazinyo okuxubha - Namathisela amazinyo okuxubha angu-3-4 phakathi kwembewu, ubheke phansi kancane.
- Faka emanzini - Beka imbewu phezu kwengilazi yamanzi bese ingaphansi licwiliswe cishe nge-intshi eli-1. Izinti zamazinyo kufanele zihlale onqenqemeni lwengilazi.
- Beka endaweni efudumele - Beka ingilazi endaweni efudumele enelanga elingaqondile. Shintsha amanzi masonto onke ukuze uvimbele isikhunta.
Indlela Yethawula Lephepha
Indlela ehlukile abalimi abaningi abayithola ithembeke kakhulu:
Hlanza imbewu njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla.
Songa imbewu ngethawula lephepha noma ngendwangu emanzi (hhayi emanzi).
Faka esikhwameni sepulasitiki esingavaliwe bese ugcina endaweni efudumele, emnyama.
Hlola njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-4-5 ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ithawula lephepha lihlala limanzi.
Ngemva kwamasonto amabili kuya kwayisithupha, imbewu kufanele iqhekezeke bese iqala ukuhluma izimpande.
Isineke siyisihluthulelo! Imbewu ka-avokhado ivame ukuthatha amasonto ama-2-6 ukuhluma, kuye ngokushisa nezimo. Ungayeki uma ungaboni imiphumela ngokushesha.
Ukutshala Imbewu Yakho Ye-Avocado Ehlumile
Uma imbewu yakho ye-avocado isihlumile futhi yakhula izimpande ezingaba amasentimitha angu-2-3 ubude, sekuyisikhathi sokuyidlulisela enhlabathini. Lesi sinyathelo esibalulekile sibeka isisekelo sempilo nokukhula kwesihlahla sakho esizayo.
Izidingo Zomhlaba
Ama-avokhado achuma enhlabathini ekhipha amanzi kahle, ene-asidi encane ene-pH ephakathi kuka-6 no-6.5. Ukwakheka kwenhlabathi okuhle kakhulu yilokhu:
I-Sandy loam - Ihlinzeka ngokugeleza kwamanzi okuhle kakhulu ngenkathi igcina umswakama othile
Icebile ngezinto eziphilayo - Yengeza izakhamzimba futhi ithuthukise isakhiwo somhlabathi
Kuvulwa kahle umoya - Kuvumela umoya-mpilo ukuthi ufinyelele ezimpandeni
Ungakha ingxube efanele yokubhodwela ngokuhlanganisa:
- Izingxenye ezimbili zomhlabathi webhodwe osezingeni eliphezulu
- Ingxenye eyodwa yesihlabathi esiqinile noma esiqinile (sokukhipha amanzi)
- Ingxenye eyodwa yomquba noma izinto eziphilayo ezibolile kahle
Ukukhetha Isitsha Esifanele
Khetha imbiza ethi:
8-10 amasentimitha ububanzi - Inikeza isikhala esanele sokukhula kokuqala
Kujulile kunokuba kube banzi - Kufanela impande ye-avokhado
Inemigodi yokukhipha amanzi - Kubalulekile ukuvimbela ukubola kwezimpande
Inqubo yokutshala
Gcwalisa imbiza yakho phakathi nendawo ngengxube yenhlabathi elungisiwe.
Beka imbewu ehlumile phakathi nendawo izimpande zibheke phansi.
Engeza inhlabathi eyengeziwe ezungeze imbewu, ushiye ingxenye engaphezulu iveziwe ngaphezu komugqa wenhlabathi.
Nisela kahle kuze kube yilapho amanzi ephuma emigodini engezansi.
Beka endaweni efudumele enelanga elikhanyayo nelingaqondile.
Iphutha elivamile: Ukungcwaba yonke imbewu. Shiya ingxenye engaphezulu yembewu njalo ingabonakali ukuze kuvinjelwe ukubola futhi kuvunyelwe ukukhula kahle kwesiqu.
Izinto Ezibalulekile Zokukhulisa Ama-Avocado
Ukuze Kuhlume
- Ama-avokhado amasha, avuthiwe
- Izipikili zamazinyo
- Ingilazi noma imbiza ecacile
- Amathawula ephepha
- Isikhwama sokudla sepulasitiki
Kokutshala
- Inhlabathi yokumba izimbiza esezingeni eliphezulu
- Isihlabathi se-Perlite noma esiqinile
- Ibhodwe elingamasentimitha angu-8-10 elinokudonsa amanzi
- Umquba wemvelo
- Ikhithi yokuhlola i-pH
Ukunakekelwa Okuqhubekayo
- Umanyolo olinganiselayo (NPK 10-10-10)
- Izikere zokuthena
- I-mulch
- Ithini lokunisela
- Indwangu eqandisiwe (yezimo ezibandayo)
Ukunakekela Isitshalo Sakho Se-Avocado
Ukunakekelwa okufanele kubalulekile empilweni yesitshalo sakho se-avocado kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezithelo ekugcineni. Landela lezi ziqondiso ukuze usize isihlahla sakho sichume.
Izidingo Zokukhanya kwelanga
Ama-avokhado ayizitshalo ezithanda ilanga ezidinga:
Amahora angu-6-8 okukhanya kwelanga okuqondile nsuku zonke - Kubalulekile ekukhuleni okunempilo nasekukhiqizeni izithelo ekugcineni
Ukuvikelwa elangeni elinamandla ntambama - Kubaluleke kakhulu ezitshalweni ezincane ezindaweni ezishisayo
Ukuchayeka elangeni kancane kancane - Zama izitshalo eziqalwe ngaphakathi endlini kancane kancane ukuze zivumelane nezimo zangaphandle
Ukunisela Isheduli
Ama-avokhado adinga umswakama oqhubekayo kodwa asengozini yokubola kwezimpande uma eniselwa kakhulu:
Izitshalo ezincane (unyaka wokuqala) - Nisela uma isentimitha eliphezulu lenhlabathi lizwakala lomile (ngokuvamile izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ngesonto)
Izitshalo ezikhulile - Ukunisela okujulile kanye ngesonto, okuvumela inhlabathi ukuthi yome kancane phakathi kokunisela
Izimpawu zokunisela ngokweqile - Amaqabunga aphuzi, ayabuna naphezu kwenhlabathi emanzi
Izimpawu zokucwila ngaphansi kwamanzi - Amaphethelo amaqabunga ansundu, aqinile, ukukhula kancane
Izidingo Zokushisa
Ama-avokhado ayizitshalo zasezindaweni ezishisayo ezinezidingo ezithile zokushisa:
Izinga lokushisa elifanele - 60-85°F (15-29°C)
Ukubekezelela umkhuhlane - Izinhlobo eziningi zilimala ngaphansi kwama-32°F (0°C)
Ukubekezelela ukushisa - Ingamelana nokushisa kodwa ingacindezela ngaphezu kuka-90°F (32°C)
Icebiso lokuvikela ukubanda: Uma ukhula ngaphandle ezindaweni ezikude, vikela izihlahla ezincane ngesikhathi seqhwa ngokuzimboza ngendwangu yesithwathwa noma ulethe izitshalo ezifakwe emabhodweni endlini.
Ukuvundisa
Ukudla okunempilo kusekela ukukhula okunempilo kanye nokuthela izithelo ekugcineni:
Unyaka wokuqala - Akudingeki umanyolo ezinyangeni zokuqala ezingu-2-3 ngemva kokutshala
Izihlahla ezincane - Faka umanyolo olinganiselayo (10-10-10) njalo ngekota ngesigamu samandla
Izihlahla ezivuthiwe - Faka umanyolo kathathu ngonyaka ngomanyolo we-avocado noma we-citrus okhethekile
Ukwengezwa kwe-zinc - Ama-avokhado avame ukuzuza nge-zinc eyengeziwe; funa umanyolo oqukethe lesi sakhi esincane
Ukuthena Nokuqeqesha Isihlahla Sakho Se-Avocado
Ukuthena okuhlelekile kusiza ekwakheni umuthi we-avocado oqinile futhi okhiqiza kakhulu onesakhiwo esingcono sokukhiqizwa kwezithelo.
Nini Ukuthena
Ukuthena kokuqala - Uma isithombo sifinyelela ubude obungamasentimitha angu-12, cindezela noma usike isethi ephezulu yamaqabunga
Ukuthena okulandelayo - Isikhathi ngasinye isitshalo sikhula amanye amasentimitha angu-1.5
Isikhathi sonyaka - Kungcono kakhulu ukwenza entwasahlobo noma ekuqaleni kwehlobo
Amasu okuthena
Cindezela emuva isitshalo esisha - Sebenzisa iminwe yakho ukususa amaqabunga amasha phezulu
Susa amagatsha alimele - Sika noma yimaphi amagatsha afile, agulayo, noma axhumene
Ukukhula okuncane kwangaphakathi - Thuthukisa ukujikeleza komoya ngokususa amagatsha athile angaphakathi ngokukhetha
Ukulawula ukuphakama - Sika ingxenye ephezulu ukuze ugcine usayizi olawulekayo, ikakhulukazi ezitshalweni zasendlini
Okubalulekile: Sebenzisa amathuluzi ahlanzekile nabukhali njalo lapho usika ukuze uvimbele ukudluliswa kwezifo futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ukusikeka kuhlanzekile futhi kuphola ngokushesha.
Ukuxazulula Izinkinga Ezivamile
Ngisho noma kunakekelwa kahle, izitshalo ze-avokhado zingabhekana nezinkinga. Nansi indlela yokubona nokuxazulula izinkinga ezivamile:
Ukuqaphela izimpawu zamaqabunga kusiza ekuboneni nasekuxazululeni izinkinga zezitshalo kusenesikhathi
Amaqabunga Aphuzi
Izimbangela ezingaba khona: Ukunisela ngokweqile, ukugeleza kwamanzi okungekuhle, ukuntuleka kwezakhamzimba
Isixazululo: Hlola umswakama wenhlabathi bese unciphisa ukuchelela uma inhlabathi izizwa imanzi. Qinisekisa ukuthi imbiza inemigodi eyanele yokukhipha amanzi. Uma inhlabathi ilinganiswe kahle, faka umanyolo olinganiselayo onezakhamzimba ezincane.
Amathiphu Amaqabunga Ansundu
Izimbangela ezingaba khona: Ukunisela ngaphansi kwamanzi, umswakama ophansi, ukunqwabelana kosawoti ovela kumanyolo
Isixazululo: Nisela njalo, wandise umswakama ngokufaka amaqabunga esikhumbeni noma ngokusebenzisa umshini wokufaka umswakama. Hlanza inhlabathi kahle ukuze ususe usawoti omningi.
Ukubola kwezimpande
Izimbangela ezingaba khona: Ukunisela ngokweqile, ukugeleza kwamanzi okungekuhle, inhlabathi ecinene
Isixazululo: Nciphisa ukunisela kaningi, tshala enhlabathini entsha ekhipha amanzi uma kudingeka. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kungadingeka ususe isitshalo, unqume izimpande ezithintekile, bese utshala enhlabathini entsha.
Izinambuzane
Izinambuzane ezivamile: Izibungu zesicabucabu, izinambuzane ezinamabala, ama-thrips
Isixazululo: Futha amaqabunga ngensipho yokubulala izinambuzane noma uwoyela we-neem. Uma kuhlaselwe kakhulu, hlukanisa isitshalo bese ulapha masonto onke kuze kube yilapho sekuphelile. Ukuletha izinambuzane eziwusizo njengezinambuzane ezincelisayo kungasiza ekulawuleni ukwanda kwezinambuzane ngokwemvelo.
Ukukhula Kancane
Izimbangela ezingaba khona: Ukukhanya okunganele, izinga lokushisa elingafanele, isitsha esiboshwe impande
Isixazululo: Yiya endaweni enelanga eliningi, gcina amazinga okushisa aphakathi kuka-60-85°F, bese ufaka esitsheni esikhulu uma izimpande zizungeza imbiza.
Isikhathi: Kusukela Embewini Kuya Esithelweni
Ukuqonda isikhathi sokukhula kusiza ekubekeni amathemba angokoqobo ohambweni lwakho lokukhulisa ukwatapheya.
| Ukuhluma | Amaviki ama-2-6 | Imbewu iyaqhekeka, izimpande ziyavela, kulandele isiqu | Umswakama ohlala njalo, izinga lokushisa elifudumele |
| Imbewu Yokuqala | Izinyanga ezi-2-3 | Amaqabunga okuqala eqiniso ayakheka, isiqu siyaqina | Ukukhanya okukhanyayo okungaqondile, ukunisela okuvamile |
| Isitshalo Esisha | 6-12 izinyanga | Amaqoqo amaningi amaqabunga, okwandisa ukuphakama | Faka umanyolo, qala ukuthena |
| Isihlahla Sentsha | Iminyaka eyi-1-3 | Ukuphakama okukhulu, isiqu esiqina | Ukufaka izimbiza kabusha, ukuthena kwesakhiwo |
| Isihlahla Esivuthiwe | Iminyaka emi-3-5 | Isihlahla esigcwele, ukuqhakaza okungenzeka (izihlahla ezixhunyelelwe) | Umanyolo ojwayelekile, ukuqapha izinambuzane |
| Ukukhiqizwa Kwezithelo | Iminyaka emi-5-13 (ikhule ngembewu) | Iminyaka engu-3-4 (efakwe) | Ukuqhakaza kulandelwe yisethi yezithelo |
Qaphela: Isikhathi sesikhathi siyahlukahluka kakhulu ngokusekelwe ezimweni zokukhula, ukuhlukahluka, nokuthi umuthi waqala ngembewu noma wathengwa njengesitshalo esixhunyelelwe. Izihlahla ezikhuliswe ngembewu zithatha isikhathi eside kakhulu ukuba zithole izithelo kunezihlahla ezixhunyelelwe ezithengwe endaweni encane.
Ukuvuna Ama-Avocado Akho
Ngemva kweminyaka yokubekezela nokunakekela, ukuvuna ama-avokhado akho akhulele ekhaya kuyazuzisa kakhulu. Ngokungafani nezithelo eziningi, ama-avokhado awavuthwa esihlahleni – avuthwa esihlahleni kodwa avuthwa ngemva kokuwavuna.
Vuna ama-avokhado ngokusika isiqu kunokudonsa izithelo
Isikhathi Sokuvuna
- Inkomba yobukhulu - Isithelo sesifinyelele usayizi ovuthiwe wohlobo
- Ukushintsha kombala - Ezinye izinhlobo ziyakhanya noma zibe mnyama uma sezivuthiwe
- Ukuvuna isithelo esisodwa bese usivumela ukuthi sivuthwe njengesivivinyo
- Isikhathi sonyaka - Izinhlobo eziningi zinezinkathi ezithile zokuvuna
Indlela Yokuvuna
- Sebenzisa izikere zokuthena noma izikele ukusika isiqu cishe nge-1/2 intshi ngaphezu kwesithelo.
- Ungalokothi ukhiphe ama-avokhado esihlahleni ngoba lokhu kungalimaza kokubili izithelo namagatsha.
- Phatha izithelo ezivuniwe ngokucophelela ukuze ugweme ukubhoboka.
- Beka ekamelweni lokushisa ukuze uvuthwe (ngokuvamile izinsuku ezingu-3-7).
- Hlola ukuvuthwa ngokucindezela kancane - ama-avokhado avuthiwe akhiqiza kancane uma ecindezelwa.
Icebiso lokuvuthwa: Ukuze usheshe ukuvuthwa, faka ama-avokhado esikhwameni sephepha esinobhanana noma i-apula. Lezi zithelo zikhipha igesi ye-ethylene esheshisa inqubo yokuvuthwa.
Ufuna Imiphumela Esheshayo? Cabanga Ngezihlahla Ezihlanganisiwe
Uma ukulinda iminyaka emi-5-13 ukuze uthole izithelo kubonakala kukude kakhulu, cabanga ngokuqala ngomuthi we-avocado ohlanganisiwe ovela enkulisa.
Izihlahla ezixhunyelelwe (kwesokudla) zithela izithelo ngokushesha kakhulu kunezihlahla ezitshalwe ngembewu (kwesobunxele)
Izinzuzo Zezihlahla Ezihlanganisiwe
Izinzuzo
- Ukukhiqizwa kwezithelo eminyakeni emi-3-4 uma kuqhathaniswa neminyaka emi-5-13
- Ikhwalithi yezithelo eyaziwayo kanye nezici zayo
- Kukhethwe ngenxa yokumelana nezifo
- Izinhlobo ezikhethiwe ngokwesimo sezulu sakho
- Umkhuba wokukhula okuncane kakhulu
Ukucatshangelwa
- Izindleko zokuqala eziphezulu ($25-100+)
- Ngiphuthelwa ulwazi lokukhula kusuka embewini
- Ukukhetha izinhlobo ezilinganiselwe ezindaweni zokukhulisa izingane zasendaweni
- Kungadinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile ngesikhathi sokusungulwa
- Kusadinga isineke ekukhiqizeni izithelo
Izinhlobo Ezidumile Zama-Avocado Zabalimi Basemakhaya
Hass
Uhlobo oludumile kakhulu lwezentengiselwano olunenyama ecebile nekhilimu kanye nokunambitheka okuhle kakhulu. Umuthi ophakathi nendawo, oqinile futhi obandayo kuze kube ngu-30°F.
Uhlobo A
I-Fuerte
Isikhumba esibushelelezi, esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka esinenyama efana nebhotela. Ibekezelela ukubanda kakhulu kuneHass (kufika ku-26°F) enomkhuba wokukhula omkhulu kancane.
Uhlobo B
I-Little Cado (Wurtz)
Uhlobo olulodwa kuphela lwe-dwarf, olukhula ngamafidi angu-8-10 ubude. Lufanelekela izitsha nezindawo ezincane. Luzivundisa ngokwalo ngokukhiqiza okuhle.
Izinhlobo A no-B
Icebiso lokuvundisa impova: Ukuze uthole izithelo ezinhle kakhulu, tshala izinhlobo ze-avocado zohlobo A kanye nohlobo B ngaphakathi kwamamitha angu-25-30 ukusuka komunye nomunye ukuze uthuthukise ukuvundisa impova.
Ukutshala Ama-Avocado Ezitsheni
Isikhala esincane? Usengatshala ama-avokhado ezitsheni, okwenza afanelekele ama-patio, ama-balcony, noma ngisho nokulima ngaphakathi ezindaweni ezibandayo.
Ama-avokhado akhuliswe esitsheni alungele izindawo ezincane kanye nezimo zezulu ezibandayo
Amathiphu Okukhula Kwesitsha
Khetha uhlobo olufanele - Izinhlobo ezincane ezifana ne-'Little Cado' zilungele izitsha
Khetha isitsha esikhulu - Qala ngebhodwe elingamagaloni angu-15 bese uthuthukisa njengoba isihlahla sikhula
Qinisekisa ukuthi amanzi ageleza kahle - Kubalulekile ukuthi kube nezimbobo eziningi zokukhipha amanzi
Sebenzisa ingxube yebhodwe esezingeni eliphezulu - Izingxube ze-cactus/citrus zezentengiselwano zisebenza kahle
Gada amanzi ngokucophelela - Izitshalo zesitsha zoma ngokushesha kunezihlahla ezingaphansi komhlaba
Faka umanyolo njalo - Izitshalo ezitsheni zidinga ukudla njalo
Nikeza isivikelo sasebusika - Hambisa izitsha ezindaweni ezivikelwe ngesikhathi sezulu esibandayo
Okubalulekile: Ama-avokhado akhuliswe esitsheni kuzodingeka atshalwe kabusha njalo eminyakeni emi-2-3 njengoba ekhula kakhulu kunezitsha zawo. Qaphela izimpande ezizungeza phansi kwebhodwe njengophawu lokuthi sekuyisikhathi sotshalwa kabusha.
Isiphetho: Uhambo Lwakho Lokukhulisa Ukwatapheya
Ukutshala ama-avokhado ekhaya kuyinto evuzayo ekuxhumanisa nomjikelezo wemvelo wokukhiqizwa kokudla. Nakuba kudinga isineke - ikakhulukazi uma uqala ngembewu - ukwaneliseka kokunakekela isitshalo kusukela ezigabeni zaso zokuqala kuze kube yilapho ekugcineni uvuna izithelo zakho akunakulinganiswa.
Umvuzo omkhulu: ukujabulela ama-avokhado akho akhulele ekhaya
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukhetha ukuqala ngembewu ukuze uthole ulwazi oluphelele noma ukhetha umuthi ohlanganisiwe ukuze uthole imiphumela esheshayo, uhambo lokutshala ama-avokhado lunikeza ukufunda okuqhubekayo kanye nokuxhumana nomthombo wakho wokudla. Khumbula ukuthi noma umuthi wakho ungakhiqizi izithelo iminyaka eminingi, usazojabulela ubuhle bamaqabunga awo aluhlaza acwebezelayo kanye nokwaneliseka kokunakekela into ephilayo.
Qala uhambo lwakho lokutshala ukwatapheya namuhla – ikusasa lakho lizokubonga uma ujabulela ukwatapheya omusha, okhulele ekhaya usuka engadini yakho!
Ukufunda Okuqhubekayo
Uma ukujabulele lokhu okuthunyelwe, ungaphinda uthande lezi ziphakamiso:
- Ukukhulisa Iklabishi Elibomvu: Umhlahlandlela Ophelele Wengadi Yakho Yasekhaya
- Umhlahlandlela Wokukhulisa Amapheya Aphelele: Izinhlobo Eziphezulu Namathiphu
- Ukukhulisa Izaqathi: Umhlahlandlela Ophelele Wempumelelo Yengadi