Umhlahlandlela Wokukhulisa Isipinashi Engadini Yakho Yasekhaya

Izinhlobo ezintathu zesipinashi—iqabunga elibushelelezi, i-semi-savoy, ne-savoy—ezimila emigqeni ecocekile engadini enenhlabathi evundile. Ulwazi olwengeziwe

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungumuntu osaqalayo ofuna ukuqala ingadi yakho yemifino yokuqala noma umlimi onolwazi ofuna ukuthuthukisa amakhono akho okukhulisa isipinashi, lo mhlahlandlela obanzi uzokuhambisa kukho konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana nokutshala isipinashi esingcono kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka usebenzisa izindlela eziphilayo.

Izinhlobo ezihamba phambili zesipinashi zezingadi zasekhaya

Ukukhetha uhlobo lwesipinashi olulungile kubalulekile ukuze uphumelele ezimeni zakho zokukhula ezithile. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zesipinashi okufanele uzicabangele engadini yakho:

Izinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zesipinashi: iqabunga elibushelelezi (kwesokunxele), i-semi-savoy (maphakathi), ne-savoy (kwesokudla)

Isipinashi Savoy

Isipinashi se-Savoy sinamaqabunga ashwabene ngokujulile, anombala oluhlaza okotshani. Lezi zinhlobo ngokuvamile azibandi kakhulu futhi azikwazi ukumelana nezifo kunezinye izinhlobo.

• I-Bloomsdale Long Standing - I-heirloom ehlukahlukene ene-flavour enhle kakhulu ehamba kancane ukubhomba esimweni sezulu esifudumele. Iphelele kwabaqalayo.
• I-Winter Bloomsdale - Ibekezelela amakhaza, iyenze ilungele ukutshala ekwindla kanye nokuvuna kwasebusika ezindaweni ezipholile.

Izitshalo zesipinashi ze-Savoy ezinamaqabunga aluhlaza okumnyama, ashwabene akhula engadini yemifino yasekhaya enelanga elineshede lamapulangwe ngemuva. Ulwazi olwengeziwe

Isipinashi se-Semi-Savoy

Izinhlobo ze-Semi-savoy zinikeza indawo emaphakathi enamaqabunga ashwabene kancane alula ukuwahlanza kunezinhlobo ze-savoy kuyilapho zisanikeza ukumelana nezifo okuhle.

• I-Tyee - Imelana nokushisa futhi ayisheshi ukubhawulisa, inomkhuba oqondile wokukhula ogcina amaqabunga ehlanzekile.
• I-Catalina - Ikhula ngokushesha futhi imelana kahle ne-downy mildew, ilungele iziqukathi.
• I-Melody - Izinhlobonhlobo eziwina umklomelo ezikwazi ukumelana nezifo eziningi kanye nokunambitheka okuhle kakhulu.

Imigqa yezitshalo ze-semi-savoy spinach ezikhula emhlabathini ocebile ngaphakathi kwengadi yemifino yasekhaya emngceleni wamapulangwe futhi ezungezwe uhlaza oluluhlaza. Ulwazi olwengeziwe

Smooth-Leaf Spinach

Izinhlobo zamaqabunga abushelelezi zinamaqabunga ayisicaba, amise okwesigwedlo okulula ukuwahlanza futhi avame ukuthandwa kakhulu kumasaladi.

• Isikhala - Sivuthwa ngokushesha esinamaqabunga abushelelezi, ayindilinga kanye nokumelana nebhawudi okuhle kakhulu.
• I-Giant Nobel - Amaqabunga amakhulu, abushelelezi anokunambitheka okuncane, alungele kokubili ukupheka nokudla okusha.
• I-Red Kitten - Izinhlobonhlobo ezihlukile ezinemithambo ebomvu ezengeza intshisekelo ebonakalayo kumasaladi.

Izitshalo zesipinashi ezinempilo ezibushelelezi ezikhula emigqeni yenhlabathi ecebile ngaphakathi kwengadi yasekhaya ezungezwe uthango lwamapulangwe. Ulwazi olwengeziwe

Izimo Zomhlabathi Ezikahle Nokulungiswa

Isipinashi sikhula kahle emhlabathini onomsoco, okhipha amanzi kahle one-alkaline pH ephakathi kuka-6.5 no-7.5. Ukulungiswa kahle kwenhlabathi kubalulekile ukuze kuthuthukiswe izimpande eziqinile kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamaqabunga anempilo.

Ukulungisa inhlabathi ngomquba kudala indawo ekahle yokukhula kwesipinashi

Ukuhlola Nokulungisa I-pH Yomhlabathi

Ngaphambi kokutshala, hlola umhlabathi wakho i-pH usebenzisa ikhithi yokuhlola ekhaya noma ngehhovisi lendawo yangakini. Isipinashi sithanda izimo ezine-alkaline kancane:

• Uma inhlabathi yakho ine-acidic kakhulu (ngaphansi kuka-6.5), engeza umcako wengadi ngokwezikhombisi-ndlela zephakheji.
• Uma inhlabathi yakho ine-alkaline kakhulu (ngaphezu kuka-7.5), faka i-sulphur noma i-peat moss ukuze wehlise i-pH.

Ukwengeza i-Organic Matter

Isipinashi siwumphakeli osindayo ozuza emhlabathini ocebile, ophilayo. Emasontweni amabili ngaphambi kokutshala:

• Sebenza u-2-4 amayintshi omquba obole kahle noma umquba omdala uye enhlabathini ephezulu engu-6-8 amayintshi.
• Engeza umanyolo ophilayo olinganiselayo ngokwezikhombisi-ndlela zephakheji.
• Ngenhlabathi yobumba, engeza umquba owengeziwe kanye nesihlabathi esimahhadla ukuze uthuthukise ukugeleza kwamanzi.
• Ngenhlabathi enesihlabathi, faka umquba owengeziwe ukuze uthuthukise ukugcinwa kwamanzi.

Ukwakheka Kwenhlabathi Yokukhulisa Iziqukathi

Uma utshala isipinashi ezitsheni:

• Sebenzisa ingxube yekhwalithi ephezulu ye-organic potting ehlanganiswe nomquba (isilinganiso esingu-2:1).
• Qinisekisa ukuthi iziqukathi zinezimbobo ezanele zokudonsa amanzi.
• Cabangela ukungeza izikelemu ukuze uthole imisoco eyengeziwe.

Umlimi ogqoke amagilavu wengeza umquba ocebile enhlabathini eduze kwezitshalo zesipinashi ezisencane embhedeni wengadi. Ulwazi olwengeziwe

Izikhathi Ezikahle Zokutshala Nokucatshangelwa Kwezinkathi Zonyaka

Isikhathi sibalulekile lapho utshala isipinashi. Njengesitshalo sesizini epholile, isipinashi sikhula kahle kakhulu lapho izinga lokushisa liphakathi kuka-45°F kanye no-75°F (7°C-24°C). Lapho amazinga okushisa enyuka ngaphezu kuka-80°F (27°C), isipinashi sizobhibha ngokushesha (sikhiqize izimbali), senze amaqabunga aba.

Ikhalenda lokutshala isipinashi elibonisa amafasitela okutshala afaneleka ezitshalweni zasentwasahlobo nekwindla

Ukutshala Kwentwasahlobo

Ezitshalweni zasentwasahlobo, isikhathi sibalulekile ukuze kuvunwe ngaphambi kokuba kufike isimo sezulu esishisayo:

• Hlwanyela imbewu emavikini angu-4-6 ngaphambi kwesithwathwa sokugcina esilindelwe sasentwasahlobo.
• Imbewu izomila lapho izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi lifinyelela ku-40°F (4°C).
• Ukuze uqale ngaphambili, fudumeza inhlabathi ngepulasitiki emnyama isonto lonke ngaphambi kokutshala.
• Tshala izitshalo ezilandelanayo njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-10-14 kuze kube yilapho izinga lokushisa liqala ukufudumala.

Ukutshala Ekwindla nasebusika

Ikwindla ngokuvamile iyinkathi engcono kakhulu yokutshala isipinashi, njengoba isitshalo sivuthwa ekupholiseni esikhundleni sokushisa okushisa:

• Qala ukuhlwanyela imbewu emavikini angu-6-8 ngaphambi kwesithwathwa sokuqala esilindelekile.
• Qhubeka utshala njalo emavikini amabili kuze kube amasonto angu-4 ngaphambi kokuba kube yiqhwa lokuqala eliqinile.
• Ezindaweni zasebusika ezipholile (Zone 8 nezifudumele), isipinashi singakhula ubusika bonke ngokuvikelwa okuncane.
• Ezifundeni ezibandayo, vikela izitshalo ngamafreyimu abandayo, izembozo zemigqa, noma i-mulch ewugqinsi ukuze kuvunwe ebusika.

Ukucatshangelwa kwehlobo

Isipinashi sendabuko siyazabalaza ekushiseni kwehlobo, kodwa unezinketho:

• Bheka izinhlobo ezikwazi ukumelana nokushisa njenge 'Space' noma 'Tyee' ukuze uthole izivuno zasentwasahlobo ezinwetshiwe.
• Cabangela ezinye izindlela zesipinashi esithanda ukushisa njengesipinashi se-Malabar noma isipinashi saseNew Zealand ngokukhula kwasehlobo.
• Nikeza umthunzi wantambama ukuze unwebe isivuno sakho njengoba amazinga okushisa enyuka.

Isinyathelo Ngesinyathelo Imiyalelo yokutshala

Indlela yokutshala efanele ibalulekile ukuze isipinashi sihlume futhi sikhule. Landela lezi zinyathelo ezinemininingwane kukho kokubili imbewu eqondile kanye nokutshala kabusha.

Ukutshala imbewu yesipinashi ekujuleni okufanele kanye nezikhala kuqinisekisa ukuhluma okuhle

Indlela Yembewu Eqondile

• Dala imisele engashoni eyi-intshi engu-½ intshi ukushona usebenzisa unqenqema lwetrowel noma umunwe wakho.
• Imigqa yesikhala ngamaintshi angu-12-18 ngokuhlukana ukuze ivumele ukuhamba komoya okuhle.
• Hlwanyela imbewu ibe izacile, ubeke phakathi kweyintshi elingu-1 phakathi komugqa.
• Mboza imbewu nge-intshi engu-½ yenhlabathi ecolekile noma umquba.
• Nisela ngobumnene ikani lokunisela eline-rose ukuze ugweme ukukhipha imbewu.
• Gcina inhlabathi imanzi njalo kuze kube yilapho imila, okuvame ukuthatha izinsuku ezingu-7-14 kuye ngokushisa kwenhlabathi.

Ukunciphisa Izithombo

Uma izithombo sezinamaqabunga awo okuqala eqiniso (hhayi amaqabunga embewu yokuqala):

• Izitshalo ezizacile zibe ngamasentimitha angu-3-4 ukuhlukana ngesipinashi somntwana.
• Mncane ukuya kumayintshi angu-6 ngokuhlukana ukuze uthole amaqabunga anosayizi ogcwele.
• Esikhundleni sokudonsa, hlaba izithombo ezengeziwe ezingeni lomhlabathi ukugwema ukuphazamisa izimpande zezitshalo ezisele.
• Faka izithombo ezincishisiwe kumasaladi njengama-microgreens anomsoco.

Ukutshala Isitsha

Isipinashi sikhula kahle ezitsheni okungenani ezingama-intshi angu-6-8 ukushona:

• Gcwalisa iziqukathi ngengxube yebhodwe ibe yiyintshi engu-½ ngaphansi komphetho.
• Sakaza imbewu phezu komhlaba, uhlose imbewu eyodwa njalo ngamayintshi ama-2.
• Mboza nge-intshi engu-¼ kuya ku-½ yenhlabathi bese uthela amanzi ngobumnene.
• Ukuze uthole isivuno esiqhubekayo, hlwanyela iziqukathi ezintsha njalo emavikini angu-2-3.

Eduze kwezandla zomlimi otshala imbewu yesipinashi emigqeni ehlukanisiwe yenhlabathi ecebile enezitshalo zesipinashi ezincane eduze. Ulwazi olwengeziwe

Izidingo zokunisela kanye nokuphathwa komswakama

Umswakama ongashintshi ubalulekile ekukhuleni kwamaqabunga esipinashi athambile, amnandi. Ukunisela ngendlela engafanele kungaholela emaqabunga aqinile, ukukhula kancane, kanye nama-bolting ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Ukunisela Imvamisa

Isipinashi sinezimpande ezingajulile ezidinga ukufinyelela njalo kumswakama:

• Nikeza amasentimitha angu-1-1.5 wamanzi ngeviki, ahlukaniswe ngokunisela okungu-2-3.
• Nisela njalo ngezikhathi ezishisayo nezomile.
• Hlola umswakama wenhlabathi ngokufaka umunwe wakho intshi engu-1 emhlabathini—uma uzwa sengathi womile, sekuyisikhathi sokunisela.
• Isipinashi esikhule esitsheni singadinga ukuchelelwa nsuku zonke, ikakhulukazi esimweni sezulu esifudumele.

Izindlela Zokunisela

Indlela onisela ngayo ibalulekile njengalapho unisela:

• Nisela phansi kwezitshalo ukugcina amaqabunga omile, okusiza ukuvimbela izifo.
• Amapayipi amanzi okunisela noma ukuchelela ngamaconsi alungele ukunisela okungaguquki, okuthambile.
• Nisela ekuseni ukuze uvumele noma yimaphi amaqabunga afafaziwe ukuba ome phakathi nosuku.
• Gwema izifafazi eziphezulu ezingase zikhuthaze izifo zamaqabunga.

I-Mulching Yokugcina Umswakama

Ungqimba lwe-organic mulch lusiza ukugcina umswakama womhlabathi ongashintshi:

• Faka ungqimba oluyi-intshi elingu-1-2 lwe-mulch emihle njengotshani, isikhunta samaqabunga, noma umquba.
• Gcina i-mulch ikude kancane neziqu zezitshalo ukuvikela ukubola.
• I-mulch isiza futhi ukucindezela ukhula futhi igcine inhlabathi ipholile, ibambezeleka ukubopha.

Ithiphu Lokonga Amanzi: Ukunisela ekuseni kunciphisa ukuhwamuka, kuqinisekisa ukuthi umswakama owengeziwe ufinyelela ezimpandeni zezitshalo. Kuwo wonke amamitha-skwele angu-10 esipinashi, uzodinga cishe amalitha angu-6 amanzi ngesonto ngesikhathi sokukhula.

Eduze kwezitshalo zesipinashi eziniselwa ngepayipi le-soaker embhedeni ongadini onenhlabathi emanzi. Ulwazi olwengeziwe

Izidingo Zokuvundisa kanye Nezinketho Zezinto Eziphilayo

Njengombala oluhlaza okotshani, isipinashi siyazuza ngokutholakala kwenitrogen engaguquki phakathi nomjikelezo waso wokukhula. Izindlela zokuvundisa izinto eziphilayo azigcini nje ngokuphakela izitshalo zakho kodwa zithuthukisa impilo yomhlabathi ezitshalweni ezizayo.

Ukufaka itiye lomquba kunikeza ukudla okunomsoco, okuphilayo ekukhuleni kwesipinashi

Ukuvundisa Ngaphambi Kokutshala

Qala ngesisekelo esinothile ngezakhi:

• Faka inhlabathi engu-2-3 amayintshi omquba noma umquba omdala ngaphambi kokutshala.
• Engeza umanyolo wemvelo olinganiselayo (ofana no-5-5-5) ngokwezikhombisi zephakheji.
• Ngenhlabathi enesihlabathi, cabanga ukwengeza izinto eziphilayo ezengeziwe ukuze uthuthukise ukugcinwa kwezakhi.

Ukuvundisa Okuqhubekayo

Sekela ukukhiqizwa kwamaqabunga okuqhubekayo ngokudla okuvamile:

• Lapho izitshalo zifinyelela ubude obungama-intshi angu-2, gqoka eceleni ngomquba noma umanyolo ocebile we-nitrogen.
• Faka isicelo se-emulsion yezinhlanzi noma itiye lomquba njalo emavikini angu-2-3 ngesikhathi sokukhula.
• Gwema umanyolo owenziwe nge-nitrogen ephezulu ongaholela ekuqongeleleni kwe-nitrate emaqabunga.

Izinketho Zomanyolo we-Organic

Lezi zivundisi zemvelo zisebenza kahle esipinashi:

• Itiye lomquba: Ukudla okunomsoco, okunomsoco okungeke kushise izitshalo.
• I-emulsion yezinhlanzi: Umthombo we-nitrogen okhishwa ngokushesha olungele imifino enamaqabunga.
• I-Worm castings: Isichibiyelo esinothe ngezakhamzimba esithuthukisa ukwakheka komhlabathi.
• I-Alfalfa meal: Umanyolo okhishwa kancane owengeza initrogen kanye nokulandela amaminerali.

Okubalulekile: Ukuvundisa ngokweqile kungaholela ekukhuleni okuluhlaza kodwa ukunambitheka okubi kanye nokunqwabelana kwe-nitrate okungenzeka. Landela izikhombisi-ndlela zephakeji ngokucophelela futhi wenze iphutha lokuncane kunokuningi lapho ufaka umanyolo.

Umlimi wasengadini unisela izitshalo zesipinashi ngetiye lomquba engadini yemifino ephilayo. Ulwazi olwengeziwe

Izidingo Zokukhanya kwelanga nezinga lokushisa

Ukuqonda ukukhanya kwesipinashi kanye nezinga lokushisa okuncamelayo kuyisihluthulelo sokuvimbela ukubopha ngaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nokwelula isikhathi sakho sokuvuna.

Isipinashi esikhula ethunzini lantambama ingxenye enezimbozo zemigqa zokulawula izinga lokushisa

Izidingo Zokukhanya

Isipinashi sivumelana nezimo ezihlukahlukene zokukhanya:

• Ilanga eligcwele (amahora angu-6+) lilungile esimweni sezulu esipholile kanye nezinkathi zentwasahlobo/ekwindla.
• Umthunzi oyingxenye (amahora angu-3-5) unenzuzo lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka ngaphezu kuka-70°F.
• Ilanga lasekuseni elinomthunzi wantambama lilungile ezindaweni ezifudumele noma ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo.
• Ezimweni ezishisayo, cabanga ukutshala isipinashi ohlangothini olusenyakatho lwezitshalo ezinde ukuze uthole umthunzi wemvelo.

Izinga lokushisa

Isipinashi sizwela kakhulu izinga lokushisa:

• Izinga lokushisa elilungile lokukhula: 50-65°F (10-18°C).
• Imbewu iqhuma kahle kakhulu ku-45-75°F (7-24°C).
• Ukukhula kuhamba kancane ngaphansi kuka-40°F (4°C) kodwa izitshalo zihlala zisebenza.
• Izitshalo zizobhawuka lapho amazinga okushisa edlula u-75°F (24°C).
• Izitshalo ezimisiwe zingaphila emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kuka-15°F (-9°C).

Ukwandisa Inkathi Yokukhula

Sebenzisa lawa masu ukuze ukhulise isipinashi ngale kwenkathi yaso yemvelo:

• Entwasahlobo: Sebenzisa izembozo zemigqa noma amafreyimu abandayo ukuze ufudumale inhlabathi ukuze utshale kusenesikhathi.
• Ehlobo: Nikeza ngendwangu yomthunzi evimba u-30-50% wokukhanya kwelanga ukugcina izitshalo zipholile.
• Ukwindla: Vala izitshalo ngesembozo semigqa entantayo lapho isithwathwa sisongela.
• Ubusika: Sebenzisa amafreyimu abandayo, amathaneli aphansi, noma i-mulch ejulile ukuze uthole isipinashi sasebusika ezindaweni ezingu-7 nezifudumele.

Izitshalo zesipinashi ezinempilo ezikhula emhlabathini ocebile ngaphansi kwezimbozo ezimhlophe zemigqa enikeza umthunzi ongaphelele engadini. Ulwazi olwengeziwe

Izinambuzane Ezivamile Nezifo Ngezindlela Zokuvimbela I-Organic

Nakuba isipinashi singenazo izinkinga, izinambuzane ezimbalwa nezifo zingathinta isilimo sakho. Ngenhlanhla, izindlela ze-organic zingaphatha ngempumelelo izinkinga eziningi.

Izinambuzane Ezivamile

Izintwala

Izimpawu

• Amaqabunga asontekile
• Izinsalela ezinamathelayo
• Izinambuzane ezincane eziluhlaza/ezimnyama ngaphansi kwamaqabunga

Ukuvimbela Nokwelashwa Okuphilayo

• Fafaza ngamanzi agelezayo ukuze uwakhiphe
• Gcoba insipho ebulala izinambuzane noma uwoyela we-neem
• Yethula ama-ladybugs noma ama-lacewings
• Tshala ama-nasturtium njengezitshalo ezibanjwayo

Abavukuzi bamaqabunga

Izimpawu

• Imizila ejikajikayo noma imigudu phakathi kwamaqabunga

Ukuvimbela Nokwelashwa Okuphilayo

• Susa futhi ucekele phansi amaqabunga athintekile
• Sebenzisa izembozo zemigqa ukuze uvimbele izimpukane ezindala ukuthi zizalele amaqanda
• Tshala izitshalo ze-trap njenge-lambsquarters eduze
• Faka isicelo se-spinosad ukuze uthole izifo ezinzima

Ama-slugs kanye Neminenke

Izimpawu

• Izimbobo ezingavamile emaqabunga, imizila ye-slime

Ukuvimbela Nokwelashwa Okuphilayo

• I-Handpick ebusuku ngethoshi
• Setha izicupho zikabhiya
• Faka umhlabathi we-diatomaceous ezungeze izitshalo
• Dala izithiyo zethusi ezizungeze imibhede

Izifo Ezivamile

I-Downy Mildew

Izimpawu

• Iziqephu eziphuzi eziqongweni zamaqabunga, ukukhula okumpunga/okunsomi okufiphele ngaphansi

Ukuvimbela Nokwelashwa Okuphilayo

• Izinhlobo ezimelana nezitshalo
• Qinisekisa ukuhamba kahle komoya
• Gwema ukuchelela phezulu
• Faka i-copper fungicide ngezimpawu zokuqala

Ukugqwala Okumhlophe

Izimpawu

• Amachashaza amhlophe noma aphuzi emaqabunga akhula abe ama-chalky pustules

Ukuvimbela Nokwelashwa Okuphilayo

• Prakthiza ukujikeleza kwezitshalo
• Susa izitshalo ezinegciwane ngokushesha
• Thuthukisa ukuhamba komoya
• Faka itiye lomquba njengendlela yokuvimbela

Isipinashi Mosaic Virus

Izimpawu

• Iphethini ephuzi/eluhlaza okotshani emaqabungeni, ukukhula okunciphile

Ukuvimbela Nokwelashwa Okuphilayo

• Lawula ama-aphid asakaza igciwane
• Susa futhi ucekele phansi izitshalo ezinegciwane
• Izinhlobo ezimelana nezitshalo
• Khipha amathuluzi engadini phakathi kokusetshenziswa

Izindlela Zokuvimbela

Ukuzivikela okuhle kakhulu yicala elihle:

• Zijwayeze ukushintshanisa izitshalo, ulinde iminyaka engu-2-3 ngaphambi kokutshala isipinashi endaweni efanayo.
• Gcina ingadi ihlanzekile kudoti lapho izinambuzane zingase zidlule ubusika.
• Tshala izitshalo ezihambisana nazo njengogalikhi, u-anyanisi, nama-marigold ukuze uxoshe izinambuzane.
• Gcina inhlabathi enempilo ngomquba ukuze uqinise ukuzivikela kwemvelo kwezitshalo.

Ukuvala eduze komuntu obambe iqabunga lesipinashi elilinyazwe abavukuzi bamaqabunga ngenkathi efafaza isixazululo sezinto eziphilayo engadini. Ulwazi olwengeziwe

Izindlela Zokuvuna Zesivuno Esiqhubekayo

Ngamasu okuvuna afanelekile, ungajabulela isivuno esiningi esitshalweni esifanayo sesipinashi, ukhulise ukukhiqiza kwengadi yakho.

Ukuvuna amaqabunga angaphandle kuvumela isitshalo ukuthi siqhubeke sikhiqiza ukukhula okusha

Isikhathi Sokuvuna

Ukubeka isikhathi sokuvuna kwakho ngendlela efanele kuqinisekisa ukunambitheka nokuthungwa okuhle kakhulu:

• Isipinashi somntwana singavunwa lapho amaqabunga esengama-intshi angu-2-3 ubude, ngokuvamile ezinsukwini ezingu-20-30 ngemva kokutshala.
• Amaqabunga anosayizi ogcwele alungile uma esengama-intshi angu-4-6 ubude, ngokuvamile ezinsukwini ezingu-40-50 ngemva kokutshala.
• Vuna ekuseni lapho amaqabunga ecwebile futhi egcwele umswakama.
• Ukuze uthole ukunambitheka okumnandi, vuna ngemva kwesithwathwa esincane kodwa ngaphambi kokuba kube yiqhwa.

Izindlela Zokuvuna

Khetha indlela yokuvuna efanele izidingo zakho:

Indlela Yokusika bese Ubuya

Okokuvuna okuningi okuvela ezitshalweni ezifanayo:

• Sebenzisa isikele esihlanzekile noma izikele zengadi ukusika amaqabunga angaphandle cishe iyintshi engu-1 ngaphezu kwenhlabathi.
• Shiya umqhele ophakathi nendawo namaqabunga amancane angaphakathi ukuze uqhubeke nokukhula.
• Izitshalo zizokhiqiza amaqabunga amasha ezivuno eziningi ezengeziwe.
• Le ndlela isebenza kahle kakhulu esimweni sezulu esipholile lapho izitshalo zingajwayele ukubhowuliswa.

Ukuvunwa Kwezitshalo Sonke

Lapho udinga isivuno esikhulu ngesikhathi esisodwa:

• Sika sonke isitshalo ngaphezu kwezinga lomhlabathi usebenzisa ummese obukhali.
• Ezimweni ezipholile, izitshalo zingaphinde zikhule kusukela kumqhele okwesibili, isivuno esincane.
• Le ndlela ingcono kakhulu uma izitshalo zibonisa izimpawu zokubopha noma ekupheleni kwesizini.

Ukutshala Ngokulandelana Kokuvuna Okuqhubekayo

Gcina isipinashi sifika phakathi nenkathi yokukhula:

• Hlwanyela imbewu entsha njalo emavikini angu-2-3 ngesikhathi sokutshala okufanele.
• Njengoba isilimo esisodwa siphela, esinye siyobe sesifinyelela ubukhulu obungavunwa.
• Nikela izigaba ezahlukene zengadi yakho ekutshaleni ngezigaba ezahlukene.
• Ekwindla, tshala izithombo ezinkulu eziningana izinsuku ezingama-7-10 ngokuhlukana kokuvuna okunwetshiwe.

Icebiso Lokuvuna: Uma ubona isiqu esimaphakathi siqala ukude, vuna sonke isitshalo ngokushesha. Lesi yisibonakaliso sokuqala se-bolting, futhi amaqabunga maduzane azobaba.

Izandla zivuna amaqabunga esipinashi avuthiwe angaphandle ngezikere zasengadini, okushiya amaqabunga angaphakathi eqinile ukuze aqhubeke ekhula. Ulwazi olwengeziwe

Izindlela Zokugcina Nokulondoloza

Ukugcina kahle isivuno sakho sesipinashi kwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwaso futhi kuvimbele ukumosha. Ukusuka efrijini lesikhathi esifushane ukuya emakhazeni esikhathi eside, kunezindlela ezimbalwa zokugcina isilimo sakho.

Izindlela ezihlukene zokugcina nokugcina isipinashi: isiqandisi, ukuqandisa, nokomisa

Isitoreji Esisha

Okokugcina isikhashana kwesipinashi esisha:

• Ungawagezi amaqabunga aze alungele ukusetshenziswa, njengoba umswakama usheshisa ukubola.
• Susa noma yimaphi amaqabunga awonakele noma aphuzi.
• Goqa ngokukhululeka ngamathawula ephepha ukuze ubambe umswakama owedlulele.
• Faka esikhwameni sepulasitiki esinezimbobo noma esitsheni ekhabetheni elipholile lesiqandisi.
• Uma sigcinwe kahle, isipinashi esisha sizohlala izinsuku ezingu-7-10.

Izindlela ezihlukene zokugcina isipinashi ezihlanganisa amaqabunga amasha, amakhyubhu afriziwe, kanye ne-purée endaweni yokhuni. Ulwazi olwengeziwe

Isipinashi esibandayo

Ukuqandisa kugcina isipinashi kuze kufike ezinyangeni eziyi-12:

• Geza amaqabunga kahle futhi ususe iziqu eziqinile.
• I-Blanch emanzini abilayo imizuzu engu-2, bese udlulisela ngokushesha emanzini e-ice.
• Khipha kahle futhi ukhiphe umswakama owedlulele.
• Pakisha ezikhwameni zamafriji, ususe umoya omningi ngangokunokwenzeka.
• Ilebula enedethi nokuqukethwe, bese ufriza isicaba ukuze kube lula ukugcina.
• Sebenzisa isipinashi esiqandisiwe ezitsheni eziphekiwe njengesobho, izitshulu, nama-casseroles.

Izikhwama ezintathu zefriji ezicacile ezigcwele amaqabunga esipinashi afriziwe ahlelwe phezu kwetafula lemabula. Ulwazi olwengeziwe

Ukomisa Isipinashi

Isipinashi esiphelelwe amanzi emzimbeni senza izengezo ezinomsoco kumasobho nama-smoothies:

• Geza futhi womise kahle amaqabunga.
• Susa iziqu bese udabula amaqabunga amakhulu abe yizicucu.
• Hlela ngesendlalelo esisodwa kumathreyi e-dehydrator.
• Yomisa ku-125°F (52°C) amahora angu-4-6 kuze kucwebe ngokuphelele.
• Gcina ezitsheni ezingangeni moya kude nokukhanya nomswakama.
• Gaya amaqabunga omisiwe abe yimpushana ukuze wengeze kuma-smoothies noma isobho.

Amaqabunga esipinashi omisiwe ahlelwe ngokulinganayo endaweni eyindilinga emhlophe yokukhipha amanzi emzimbeni enomoya ophakathi nendawo. Ulwazi olwengeziwe

Ukulondoloza Kumaresiphi

Guqula isivuno sakho sibe izithako ezilungele ukusetshenziswa:

• Dala i-pesto yesipinashi ngokuhlanganisa namafutha omnqumo, u-garlic, amantongomane, noshizi, bese ubanda emathreyini e-ice cube.
• Yenza ibhotela le-spinashi-herb ngokuxuba amaqabunga aqoshiwe nebhotela elithambile, bese uqhwaza ezingodweni.
• Lungiselela futhi ufrize amasobho enziwe ngesipinashi ukuze uthole ukudla okusheshayo kamuva.

Ukuxazulula Izinkinga Ezivamile Ezikhulayo

Ngisho nabalimi abanolwazi babhekana nezinselele lapho betshala isipinashi. Nansi indlela yokuhlonza nokusingatha izinkinga ezivame kakhulu.

Ukuqhathaniswa kwesipinashi esinempilo (kwesokunxele) kuqhathaniswa nesitshalo esibonisa izimpawu zokubolisa kanye nokuntuleka kwezakhi (kwesokudla)

Kungani isipinashi sami sibopha ngokushesha kangaka?

I-Bolting (izimbali) ibangelwa:

• Amahora amade emini - Tshala izinhlobo ezikwazi ukumelana nokushisa futhi unikeze umthunzi wantambama.
• Amazinga okushisa aphezulu - Tshala ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma kamuva ekwindla lapho amazinga okushisa epholile.
• Ukunisela okungaguquki - Gcina ngisho nomswakama wenhlabathi ngokunisela njalo kanye ne-mulch.
• Ukuphazamiseka kwezimpande - Gwema ukutshala eduze kwezitshalo; donsa ukhula ngesandla ngokucophelela.

Kungani amaqabunga ami esipinashi ephenduka aphuzi?

Amaqabunga aphuzi angabonisa izinkinga eziningana:

• Ukushoda kwe-nitrogen - Faka umanyolo wemvelo olinganiselayo noma itiye lomquba.
• Ukunisela ngokweqile - Thuthukisa ukugeleza kwamanzi futhi unciphise imvamisa yokunisela.
• Izifo - Hlola i-downy mildew noma ukugqwala okumhlophe; susa amaqabunga athintekile.
• Ukuguga kwemvelo - Amaqabunga angaphandle amadala aphuzi ngokwemvelo; susa futhi uvune amaqabunga amancane.

Kungani imbewu yami yesipinashi ingaqhumi?

Ukuhluma okungalungile kungase kubangelwe:

• Imbewu endala - Imbewu yesipinashi ilahlekelwa ukusebenza ngemva kweminyaka engu-2-3; sebenzisa imbewu entsha.
• Umhlabathi ofudumele kakhulu - Isipinashi simila kangcono ngaphansi kuka-70°F (21°C); linda isimo sezulu esipholile noma imbewu yangaphambi kokubanda.
• Ukutshala kujule kakhulu - Imbewu kufanele ijule ngamayintshi angu-¼-½ kuphela; tshala kabusha ekujuleni okufanele.
• Umswakama ongahambisani - Gcina inhlabathi imanzi kuze kube yilapho imila.

Kungani amaqabunga ami wesipinashi emancane futhi ekhubazekile?

Ukukhula okumile ngokuvamile kubangelwa:

• Ukuminyana - Izitshalo ezizacile ukuze zibe nesikhala esifanele (ngokuhlukana ngamasentimitha angu-3-6).
• Ukuvunda okungekuhle kwenhlabathi - lungisa inhlabathi ngomquba bese ufaka umanyolo wemvelo.
• Umhlabathi ohlangene - Yenza ngcono ukwakheka komhlabathi ngezinto eziphilayo ngaphambi kokutshala.
• Ukweqisa kwezinga lokushisa - Vikela izitshalo ekushiseni okukhulu noma kubanda ngezimbozo zemigqa.

Kungani amaqabunga ami esipinashi enambitha okubaba?

Umunyu ngokuvamile ubangelwa:

• Ukuqala ukubhawuda - Vuna ngokushesha bese utshala kabusha ezimeni ezipholile.
• Ukucindezeleka kokushisa - Nikeza umthunzi kanye nomswakama ongaguquki; ukuvuna ekuseni kakhulu.
• Amaqabunga Avuthiwe - Vuna amaqabunga amancane ukuze uthole ukunambitheka okuthambile.
• Izinhlobonhlobo izici - Zama izinhlobo ezahlukene; ezinye zimnandi ngokwemvelo kunezinye.

Ukuqhathanisa ohlangothini ngalunye lwesitshalo sesipinashi esinempilo esinamaqabunga aluhlaza okumnyama kanye nokunye okubonisa ukugoqa kanye nokushoda kwezakhi ezinamacembe aphuzi kanye nesiqu eside esiqhakazayo. Ulwazi olwengeziwe

Iziphakamiso Zokutshala Umngane

Ukutshala okuhambisana namasu kungathuthukisa ukukhula kwesipinashi, kuvimbele izinambuzane, futhi kwandise indawo yasengadini. Naba abalingani bezitshalo abahamba phambili besitshalo sakho sesipinashi.

Ukutshala okuzuzisayo okuhambisana nesipinashi, ama-strawberries, nama-marigold

Abangane Abazuzisayo

Lezi zitshalo zisiza isipinashi ukuthi sichume:

Abangane Abaxosha Izinambuzane

• I-garlic - Ivimbela ama-aphid nezinye izinambuzane
• U-anyanisi - Udida izinambuzane nephunga elinamandla
• I-Nasturtiums - Isebenza njengesicupho se-aphid
• I-Marigolds - Ixosha ama-nematode nezinye izinambuzane zomhlabathi

Abangane Abakhulisa Isikhala

• Radishes - Khula ngokushesha ngenkathi isipinashi siqala
• Ama-strawberries - ikhava yomhlabathi ekhula kancane
• Izitshalo ezikhula isikhathi eside - Nikeza umthunzi wantambama
• Amakhambi akhula ngokushesha - Vuna ngaphambi kokuvuthwa kwesipinashi

Abangane Abazuzisayo Ngokuhlanganyela

• Uphizi Nobhontshisi - Lungisa initrogen edingwa isipinashi
• I-Brassicas - Amaphrofayili ezinambuzane ahlukene anciphisa ingozi yokuhlaselwa
• I-Cilantro - Iheha izinambuzane ezinenzuzo
• I-Mint - Ivimbela izinambuzane (kodwa iqukethe ezimbizeni ukuvimbela ukusabalala)

Izitshalo Okufanele Zigweme

Ezinye izitshalo azenzi omakhelwane abalungile besipinashi:

• Amazambane - Qhudelana ukuze uthole umsoco futhi angasakaza izifo
• I-Fennel - Ivimbela ukukhula kwezitshalo eziningi ezihlanganisa isipinashi
• Ubhekilanga - Khipha izinhlanganisela ezingavimbela ukukhula kwesipinashi

Amaqhinga Okutshala Okuhambisanayo

Zama lawa malungiselelo okutshala asebenzayo:

• Isipinashi + Ama-Strawberry: Tshala isipinashi phakathi kwemigqa yama-strawberry ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ngaphambi kokusabalala kwezitshalo zama-strawberry.
• Isipinashi + Uphizi: Tshala isipinashi ngaphansi kwe-pea trellises ukuze usebenzise indawo eqondile futhi uzuze ekulungiseni i-nitrogen.
• Ispinashi + Radishes: Faka phakathi imithombo ekhula ngokushesha nesipinashi ukuze ukhulise isivuno sangaphambi kwesikhathi.
• Isipinashi + Izitshalo Ezinde: Ezifundeni ezifudumele, tshala isipinashi ohlangothini olusenyakatho lommbila noma utamatisi ukuze uthole umthunzi wantambama.

Izitshalo zesipinashi eziluhlaza ezikhula eduze kwe-marigolds, i-dill, i-cilantro, ne-alyssum embhedeni wengadi onakekelwa kahle onomhlaba ocebile onsundu. Ulwazi olwengeziwe

Isiphetho: Ukujabulela Isivuno Sakho Sespinashi

Ukukhulisa isipinashi kuyisipiliyoni esivuzayo esihlinzeka ngemifino enomsoco etafuleni lakho ngomzamo omncane. Ngokuqonda okuthandwayo kwesipinashi ngesimo sezulu esipholile, umswakama ongashintshi, nomhlabathi ocebile, ungajabulela isivuno esiningi entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Khumbula ukuthi isikhathi sibalulekile—tshala ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo futhi futhi ngasekupheleni kwehlobo ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono kakhulu. Ngokunakekela okufanele nokunaka imininingwane echazwe kulo mhlahlandlela, uzobe usendleleni eya ekukhuliseni isipinashi esingcono kakhulu esake sakhiqizwa engadini yakho.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungumuntu osaqalayo osanda kuqala ingadi yakho yemifino noma umlimi onolwazi ofuna ukuthuthukisa amasu akho okukhulisa isipinashi, izindlela zemvelo ezichazwe lapha zizokusiza ukhulise izitshalo ezinempilo ngenkathi wakha ukuvunda komhlabathi kwezilimo ezizayo. Linga ngezinhlobonhlobo ezihlukene ukuze uthole lezo ezisebenza kahle kakhulu ezimeni zakho zokukhula ezithile, futhi ungakhohlwa ukulondoloza imbewu ezitshalweni zakho eziphumelele kakhulu ukuze uqhubeke uthuthukisa isilimo sakho sesipinashi unyaka nonyaka.

Ukufunda Okuqhubekayo

Uma ukujabulele lokhu okuthunyelwe, ungaphinda uthande lezi ziphakamiso:

• Imifino Ephezulu Eyi-10 Enempilo Kakhulu Engakhula Engadini Yakho Yasekhaya
• Umhlahlandlela Wezinhlobo Ezinhle Kakhulu Zotamatisi Wokuzikhulisa
• Umhlahlandlela Wokukhulisa Ama-Elderberry Angcono Kakhulu Engadini Yakho