Jagora ga Mafi kyawun nau'ikan Chili don Shuka Kanku
Buga: 10 Disamba, 2025 da 20:10:40 UTC
Shuka barkono barkono naka ɗaya ne daga cikin abubuwan da suka fi dacewa ga masu lambun gida. Babu wani abu da ya yi kama da gamsuwar girbi mai daɗi, ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano wanda kuka reno daga iri zuwa 'ya'yan itace.
A Guide to the Best Chili Varieties to Grow Yourself
Ko kuna sha'awar bayanin kula masu laushi, masu hayaki na poblanos ko zafin zafin habaneros, haɓaka naku yana ba ku damar samun nau'ikan da ba kasafai ake samun su a cikin shagunan ba da cikakken iko akan yadda ake girma. A cikin wannan jagorar, za mu bincika mafi kyawun nau'in chili don shuka a cikin lambun ku, daga zaɓuɓɓukan abokantaka na farko zuwa nau'ikan na musamman waɗanda zasu burge hatta masu sha'awar chili.
Me yasa Shuka Barkono Chili Naku?
Kafin nutsewa cikin takamaiman nau'ikan, bari mu yi la'akari da dalilin da yasa shuka chilies ɗin ku ya cancanci ƙoƙarin. Chilies masu girma a gida suna ba da dandano mafi kyau idan aka kwatanta da zaɓin da aka saya a kantin sayar da kayayyaki, waɗanda galibi ana girbe su kafin su kai ga girma. Lokacin da kuka girma naku, zaku iya ɗaukar su a daidai lokacin don haɓaka ɗanɗano mafi girma.
Shuka barkono kuma yana ba ku damar samun ɗaruruwan nau'ikan da ba a saba samu a shagunan kayan abinci ba. Daga barkonon da ba kasafai ba zuwa nau'ikan nau'ikan kasa da kasa, duniyar chili ta wuce nisa na jalapeño da barkono serrano waɗanda galibi ana samun su ta kasuwanci.
Amfanin Noman Chilies Naku
- Babban dandano da sabo
- Samun dama ga rare da m iri
- Cikakken iko akan hanyoyin girma
- Mai tsada idan aka kwatanta da siyan barkono na musamman
- Tsawaita lokacin girbi tare da ingantaccen tsari
- Jin dadin noman abincin ku
Kalubalen da za a yi la'akari
- Yana buƙatar haƙuri (wasu nau'ikan suna ɗaukar kwanaki 80+ don girma)
- Bukatar daidaiton yanayin zafi
- Wasu nau'ikan suna buƙatar kulawa ta musamman
- Ana iya buƙatar fara tsaba a cikin gida a cikin yanayi mai sanyi
- Matsalolin kwari da cututtuka masu yuwuwa
Fahimtar Matakan Zafin Chili
Kafin bincika takamaiman nau'ikan, yana da taimako don fahimtar yadda ake auna zafin chili. Ma'aunin zafi na Scoville (SHU) yana ƙididdige yawan adadin capsaicin, fili da ke da alhakin ƙonewa. Don tunani, barkono barkono suna yin rajista 0 SHU, yayin da barkono mafi zafi a duniya na iya wuce SHU miliyan 2.
| Matsayin zafi | Scoville Range (SHU) | Misali iri-iri | Hankali |
| Babu Zafi | 0 | Barasa Pepper, Banana Barkono | Babu yaji, dandano kawai |
| M | 100-2,500 | Poblano, Anaheim | Zama mai laushi |
| Matsakaici | 2,500-30,000 | Jalapeño, Serrano | Sanannen zafi, mai iya sarrafawa |
| Zafi | 30,000-100,000 | Cayenne, Thai Bird's Eye | Mahimmancin zafi, yana ginawa da sauri |
| Yayi zafi sosai | 100,000-350,000 | Habanero, Scotch Bonnet | Zafi mai tsanani, kuna mai daɗewa |
| Mafi zafi | 350,000+ | Ghost Pepper, Carolina Reaper | Matsanancin zafi, mai yuwuwar ciwo |
Shahararrun nau'ikan Chili don Lambunan Gida
1. Jalapeño
Matsayin zafi: 2,500-8,000 SHU
Bayanin dandano: haske, ɗanɗanon ɗanɗano tare da matsakaicin zafi da ɗan ciyawa lokacin kore, haɓaka zaƙi yayin da suke girma zuwa ja.
Halayen Girma: Ƙananan tsire-tsire (inci 24-36) waɗanda ke samarwa da yawa. Matures a cikin kwanaki 70-85, yana sa su dace da gajerun yanayi na girma.
Mafi Amfani: Mai yawa don ci sabo, pickling, shaƙewa, gasa, ko shan taba (chipotles). Cikakke don salsas da poppers.
Tips girma: Jalapeños suna gafartawa kuma suna da kyau ga masu farawa. Suna girma sosai a cikin kwantena (mafi ƙarancin gallon 3) kuma suna dacewa da yanayi daban-daban. Girbi na yau da kullun yana ƙarfafa ƙarin samarwa.
2. Serrano
Matsayin zafi: 10,000-23,000 SHU
Bayanin dandano: Tsaftace, zafi mai kaifi tare da sabo, ɗanɗanon ɗanɗano. Mafi tsanani fiye da jalapeños amma har yanzu ana iya kusanci.
Halayen Girma: Tsirrai masu albarka suna kaiwa tsayin ƙafa 2-3. Matures a cikin kwanaki 75-85. Kowace shuka na iya samar da dozin na 2-3 barkono.
Mafi Amfani: Kyakkyawan ga salsas sabo, miya mai zafi, da jita-jita na Mexica. Mai kauri mai kauri sosai don bushewa mai sauƙi amma cikakke don sabbin aikace-aikace.
Tips girma: Serranos ya fi son cikakken rana da ƙasa mai kyau. Suna da ɗan jure fari da zarar an kafa su amma suna samar da mafi kyau tare da daidaiton danshi. Kyakkyawan zaɓi don girma kwantena.
3. Habanero
Matsayin zafi: 100,000-350,000 SHU
Bayanin dandano: Bambancin 'ya'yan itace, dandano na fure tare da zafi mai tsanani. Rubuce-rubucen yanayi masu rikitarwa sun sa ya shahara ga abincin Caribbean.
Halayen Girma: Shuke-shuken Bushy sun kai ƙafa 2-4. Tsawon lokacin girma (90-100 days). Akwai shi cikin launuka masu yawa da suka haɗa da lemu, ja, cakulan, da fari.
Mafi Amfani: miya mai zafi, jita-jita na Caribbean, salsas 'ya'yan itace, da marinades na yaji. Kadan yayi nisa.
Tukwici Haɓaka: Habaneros yana buƙatar ɗumi mai ɗorewa da tsayin girma. Fara tsaba a cikin gida makonni 8-10 kafin sanyi na ƙarshe. Yi haƙuri - suna ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo don girma amma lada tare da girbi mai yawa.
4. Kayen
Matsayin zafi: 30,000-50,000 SHU
Bayanin Flavor: Tsaftace, zafi mai kaifi tare da dandanon barkono madaidaiciya. Kasa da hadaddun fiye da habaneros amma mafi m.
Halayen Girma: Tsirrai masu albarka suna kaiwa ƙafa 2-3. Matures a cikin kwanaki 70-80. Yana samar da tsayi (4-6 inch), barkono masu siririn da suke bushewa cikin sauƙi.
Mafi Amfani: Mafi kyau don bushewa da yin barkono barkono ko foda. Hakanan yana da kyau a dafa abinci, miya mai zafi, da soya-soya.
Tukwici Haɓaka: Cayennes suna da ɗan sauƙin girma kuma suna da amfani a yawancin yanayi. Suna yin kyau a cikin kwantena kuma suna samarwa a duk lokacin kakar. Tallafa shuke-shuke kamar yadda za su iya zama saman-nauyi da barkono.
5. Idon Tsuntsayen Thai
Matsayin zafi: 50,000-100,000 SHU
Bayanin dandano: Mai tsanani, zafi nan da nan tare da ɗanɗanon barkono. Tsaftace gamawa ba tare da ƙonawa ba.
Halayen Girma: Karami, tsire-tsire masu bushewa (ƙafa 1-2) waɗanda ke samarwa da yawa. Ƙananan barkono (inci 1-2) suna girma a kan shuka. Matures a cikin kwanaki 75-80.
Mafi Amfani: Mahimmanci don ingantaccen Thai, Vietnamese, da sauran abinci na kudu maso gabashin Asiya. Mai girma don soya-soya, curries, da miya mai zafi.
Tukwici masu girma: Chilies na ido na Bird suna bunƙasa a cikin kwantena kuma suna yin tsire-tsire na ado masu ban sha'awa. Su ne ƙwararrun masana'anta a cikin yanayin dumi. Yi girbi akai-akai don ƙarfafa ƙarin 'ya'yan itace.
6. Poblano/Ancho
Matsayin zafi: 1,000-1,500 SHU
Bayanin dandano: Zafi mai sauƙi tare da wadataccen ɗanɗano, ɗan ɗanɗanon ƙasa. Yana haɓaka zaki mai hayaƙi idan an gasa shi.
Halayen Girma: Manyan tsire-tsire (ƙafa 2-3) suna samar da barkono masu siffa 4-5 na zuciya. Matures a cikin kwanaki 65-80. Lokacin da aka bushe, ana kiran poblanos "anchos.
Mafi Amfani: Cikakke don shaƙewa (chiles rellenos), gasawa, da yin miya na mole. Kyakkyawan ga waɗanda suke jin daɗin ɗanɗano tare da ƙaramin zafi.
Tips girma: Poblanos yana buƙatar tallafi yayin da suke samar da manyan 'ya'yan itatuwa masu nauyi. Suna amfana daga ciyarwa na yau da kullum da kuma danshi mai tsayi. Girbi lokacin girma amma har yanzu duhu kore don jita-jita na poblano na gargajiya.
7. Shishito
Matsayin zafi: 50-200 SHU (wani lokaci 1,000+)
Bayanin dandano: Mai laushi, mai daɗi, kuma ɗan hayaƙi tare da bayanin ciyawa na musamman. Kusan 1 cikin 10 barkono na iya yin mamaki da zafi mara tsammani.
Halayen Girma: Tsirrai masu albarka suna kaiwa tsayin ƙafa 2. Barkono mai kauri, mai lanƙwasa yana da tsayin inci 2-4. Matures a cikin kwanaki 60-75, yana sa su da kyau don gajeren yanayi.
Mafi Amfani: Shirye-shiryen Jafananci na gargajiya yana kumbura a cikin mai kuma an yayyafa shi da gishirin teku. Hakanan yana da kyau ga tempura da fries.
Tukwici Haɓakawa: Shishitos sune ƙwararrun masu samarwa waɗanda ke yin kyau a cikin kwantena. Girbi lokacin da mai haske kore kuma kusan inci 3 tsayi. Girbi na yau da kullun yana ƙarfafa ci gaba da samarwa a duk lokacin kakar.
8. Aji Amarillo
Matsayin zafi: 30,000-50,000 SHU
Bayanin dandano: bambanta ɗanɗanon 'ya'yan itace mai ban sha'awa tare da bayanin zabibi da Berry tare da gagarumin zafi. Muhimmanci ga abincin Peruvian.
Halayen Girma: Dogayen tsire-tsire (ƙafa 3-4) waɗanda zasu iya samarwa don yanayi da yawa a wuraren da ba su da sanyi. Long girma kakar (90-100 kwanaki). Yana samar da barkonon rawaya-orange inch 4-5.
Mafi Amfani: Jita-jita na gargajiya na Peruvian, ceviche, miya, da manna. Dadi na musamman yana sa ya cancanci jira.
Tips girma: Aji Amarillo yana buƙatar dogon lokacin girma mai dumi. Fara tsaba a cikin gida makonni 10-12 kafin sanyi na ƙarshe. Tsire-tsire na iya buƙatar staking yayin da suke girma da girma da girma. A cikin yanayin sanyi, ana iya girma a matsayin perennial a cikin kwantena kuma a kawo cikin gida don hunturu.
9. Ghost Pepper (Bhut Jolokia)
Matsayin zafi: 855,000-1,041,427 SHU
Bayanin dandano: zafi mai tsanani tare da jinkirin ginawa da ƙonawa mai dorewa. Ƙarƙashin 'ya'yan itace, dandano mai dadi idan za ku iya wuce zafi.
Halayen Girma: Tsire-tsire sun kai tsayin ƙafa 3-4. Yana buƙatar tsawon lokacin girma (kwanaki 100-120). Yana samar da barkonon tsohuwa, masu tsini kamar inci 2-3 tsayi.
Mafi amfani: miya mai zafi, foda, da marinades. Yi amfani da taka tsantsan - kadan yana tafiya mai nisa sosai.
Tukwici masu girma: barkono fatalwa suna buƙatar ɗumi mai ɗorewa da tsayin girma. Fara tsaba a cikin gida makonni 10-12 kafin sanyi na ƙarshe. Tsire-tsire suna amfana daga tallafi kuma suna iya buƙatar ƙarin ciyarwa don samar da kyau. Riƙe da safar hannu lokacin girbi da sarrafawa.
10. Sugar Rush Peach
Matsayin zafi: 50,000-100,000 SHU
Bayanin dandano: Zaƙi na musamman na 'ya'yan itace tare da bayanin kula na peach da apricot, yana biye da babban zafi. Daya daga cikin barkono mai zafi da ake samu.
Halayen Girma: Tsirrai masu ƙarfi sun kai ƙafa 3-4. Long girma kakar (90-100 kwanaki). Yana samar da ɗimbin 'ya'yan itatuwa masu launin peach masu elongated.
Mafi Amfani: Zafin miya, salsas 'ya'yan itace, da kowane tasa inda kuke son zaƙi da zafi. Kyakkyawan bushewa kuma an sanya shi cikin flakes.
Tukwici Haɓaka: Wannan sabon nau'in ya sami shahara saboda ɗanɗanonsa. Tsire-tsire suna da ƙarfi kuma suna iya buƙatar tallafi. Fara tsaba da wuri (makonni 10-12 kafin sanyi na ƙarshe) saboda suna buƙatar dogon lokaci don girma. To ya cancanci ƙoƙari ga masu sha'awar barkono.
Abubuwan Bukatun Shuka na asali don barkono barkono
Hasken Rana & Zazzabi
Barkono barkono tsire-tsire ne masu son zafi waɗanda ke buƙatar:
- Cikakken rana - Akalla sa'o'i 6-8 na hasken rana kai tsaye kowace rana
- Ƙasa mai dumi - Shuka a waje lokacin da yanayin ƙasa ya kai 65 ° F (18 ° C)
- Haɓaka yanayin zafi - Haɓaka a cikin yanayin zafi na rana 70-90F (21-32°C)
- Kariya - Garkuwa daga yanayin zafi ƙasa 55°F (13°C)
Kasa & Ruwa
Don lafiyayyen girma da tsirrai masu amfani:
- Ƙasar da take da kyau - Ƙara takin kuma a guji ƙasa mai nauyi
- Dan kadan acidic pH - Nufin 6.0-6.8 don ingantaccen abinci mai gina jiki
- Danshi madaidaici - Kiyaye ƙasa daidai gwargwado amma kar a yi laushi
- Rage shayarwa - Rage mita da zarar 'ya'yan itatuwa suka fara girma
Taki & Tallafawa
Don haɓaka girbin ku:
- Ciyarwar farko - Fara da daidaiton taki (10-10-10)
- Flowering mataki - Canja zuwa ƙananan nitrogen, mafi girma phosphorus
- Mitar - Ciyar da kowane mako 3-4 yayin lokacin girma
- Taimako - Tsawon nau'ikan iri masu tsayi ko waɗanda ke da nauyin 'ya'yan itace masu nauyi
Tukwici Haɓaka Kwantena
Yawancin nau'in chili suna girma sosai a cikin kwantena, yana mai da su cikakke ga patios, baranda, ko ƙananan wurare. Don ci gaban ganga mai nasara:
- Yi amfani da kwantena aƙalla zurfin inci 12 da faɗi (ƙarfin gallon 5+)
- Tabbatar da kwantena suna da isassun ramukan magudanar ruwa
- Yi amfani da cakuda tukunyar tukunyar da aka tsara musamman don kwantena
- Ruwa akai-akai fiye da tsire-tsire na cikin ƙasa, musamman a lokacin zafi
- Yi la'akari da kwantena masu shayar da kai don daidaiton danshi
Girbi da Ajiye Barkononku
Lokacin girbi
Sanin lokacin girbi barkono yana da mahimmanci don dandano mafi kyau da zafi:
- Green chilies - Girbi lokacin da suka isa girma amma kafin launi ya canza
- Cikakkun chili - Bada damar cikakken canza launi akan shuka don iyakar dandano
- Lokacin girbi - girbin safiya yana kiyaye ɗanɗano da ɗanɗano
- Kayan aiki - Yi amfani da almakashi ko pruners don guje wa lalata tsire-tsire
Karbar Barkono Zafi Lafiya
Capsaicin a cikin barkono mai zafi na iya haifar da haushin fata da matsanancin ciwon ido:
- Koyaushe sanya safar hannu yayin sarrafa barkono masu zafi
- Ka guji taɓa fuskarka, musamman idanu da hanci
- A wanke hannu sosai da sabulu bayan an gama
- Yi la'akari da sanya kariya ta ido lokacin sarrafa nau'ikan zafi sosai
- Ajiye samfurin kiwo (madara, yogurt) kusa don kawar da konewar capsaicin
Hanyoyin Ajiya
Tsawaita rayuwar girbin ku tare da waɗannan dabarun ajiya:
- Sabbin ajiya - barkonon da ba a wanke ba a cikin firiji na makonni 1-2
- Daskarewa - Gabaɗaya ko yankakken barkono yana daskare har zuwa watanni 6
- Drying - Zaure barkono ko amfani da dehydrator don adana dogon lokaci
- Pickling - Ajiye a cikin vinegar brine na tsawon watanni 6+ na rayuwar shiryayye
- Fermenting - Ƙirƙirar miya mai zafi tare da hadadden dandano
Fara lambun Chili ɗinku a yau
Haɓaka barkono barkono naku tafiya ce mai lada wacce ta haɗa ku da dubban shekaru na al'adar noma yayin samar da sabbin kayan abinci masu daɗi don girkin ku. Daga jalapeños mai laushi, abokantaka na dangi zuwa barkono fatalwa mai narkewa, akwai nau'in chili iri-iri cikakke ga kowane mai lambu da kowane baki.
Ka tuna cewa mafi yawan chilies tsire-tsire ne na shekara-shekara a cikin wuraren da suke na wurare masu zafi. A cikin yanayi mai sanyi, zaku iya tsawaita lokacin girma ta hanyar fara iri da wuri a gida har ma da overwintering shuke-shuken da kuka fi so ta kawo su ciki kafin sanyi na farko.
Ko kai mai sha'awar dafa abinci ne da ke neman ƙirƙirar jita-jita na gaske, mai neman zafi yana bin ƙalubale mai daɗi na gaba, ko kuma kawai mai lambu wanda ke yaba kyawawan shuke-shuke masu amfani, tsiro mai tsiro yana ba da wani abu ga kowa da kowa. Fara da 'yan nau'ikan da suka dace da abubuwan dandano da yanayin girma, sannan fadada tarin ku yayin da kuke samun gogewa.