Jagora don Shuka Artichokes a cikin Lambun Ku

Buga: 26 Janairu, 2026 da 09:07:05 UTC

Noman artichoke a lambun ku yana ba da kyau da kuma lada ta musamman a fannin abinci. Tare da ganyen su masu launin azurfa da kuma furanni masu daɗi da ake ci, artichoke yana ƙara wa kowace lambu kyau.

An fassara wannan shafin na'ura daga Turanci don a sami damar isa ga mutane da yawa gwargwadon iko. Abin takaici, fassarar inji ba ta zama cikakkiyar fasaha ba, don haka kurakurai na iya faruwa. Idan kuna so, kuna iya duba ainihin sigar Turanci anan:

A Guide to Growing Artichokes in Your Own Garden

Shukar artichoke mai ganyen kore mai launin azurfa da furanni masu tasowa guda uku da ke tsirowa a tsaye a cikin lambu. Danna ko danna hoton don ƙarin bayani.

Duk da cewa galibi ana danganta su da yanayin Bahar Rum, waɗannan tsire-tsire masu ban sha'awa na iya bunƙasa a yankuna daban-daban tare da kulawa mai kyau. Wannan jagorar za ta jagorance ku ta duk abin da kuke buƙatar sani don samun nasarar shuka artichoke ɗinku, ko kuna cikin yankin bakin teku mai ɗumi ko kuma yanayin arewa mai sanyi.

Fahimtar Artichokes

Tsire-tsire na artichoke na duniya suna ƙara abubuwan gine-gine masu ban sha'awa ga kowane lambu

An shuka artichoke na duniya (Cynara scolymus) a cikin dangin wannan ciyawar, wanda aka girma saboda furanni masu laushi da ake ci. Abin da muke ci a matsayin "artichoke" a zahiri shine furen da bai kai ba kafin ya yi fure. Idan ba a girbe shi ba, waɗannan furannin za su buɗe su zama furanni masu kama da ƙaya masu launin shuɗi-shuɗi.

Artichokes suna da tarihi mai ban sha'awa a cikin lambunan Arewacin Amurka. An ruwaito cewa Thomas Jefferson ya noma su a Monticello tun farkon 1767. A yau, yayin da ake tattara amfanin gona na kasuwanci a bakin tekun California, masu lambu a wurare daban-daban na yanayi za su iya shuka waɗannan shuke-shuke masu ban sha'awa cikin nasara.

Shin Ka Sani? Artichokes tsire-tsire ne na dindindin a cikin yanayi mai sauƙi (Yankuna 7-11), suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 5. A yankuna masu sanyi (Yankuna 3-6), ana iya noma su a matsayin shekara-shekara ta amfani da dabaru na musamman.

Yanayi da Yanayin Girma

Da farko dai, Artichoke yana son yanayi mai sauƙi, mai kama da bakin teku, tare da lokacin zafi mai sanyi, mai cike da hazo da kuma lokacin hunturu mai sauƙi. Duk da haka, idan aka bi hanyar da ta dace, masu lambu a yanayi daban-daban za su iya jin daɗin nasara.

Girma a matsayin Perennials (Yankuna 7-11)

A cikin waɗannan yanayi masu sauƙi, artichoke na iya rayuwa na tsawon shekaru da yawa, suna samar da girbi a kowace shekara. Shuke-shuke za su mutu a lokacin hunturu kuma su sake girma a lokacin bazara. A yankuna 8-9, suna iya buƙatar kariyar hunturu da ciyawa a lokacin daskarewa lokaci-lokaci.

Girma a matsayin Shekara-shekara (Yankuna 3-6)

A yankunan da ke da sanyi, ana iya noman artichoke a matsayin amfanin gona na shekara-shekara ta hanyar fara su da wuri a cikin gida da kuma amfani da takamaiman nau'ikan da aka noma don amfanin gona na shekara-shekara. Tare da lokaci da kulawa mai kyau, har yanzu kuna iya jin daɗin girbi mai kyau a cikin kakar guda.

Ingantattun Yanayin Girma

Bukatu	Ingantattun Yanayi	Bayanan kula
Hasken rana	Cikakken rana zuwa wani inuwa kaɗan	Aƙalla awanni 6 na hasken rana kai tsaye kowace rana; wani inuwa ta rana tana da amfani a yanayin zafi
Nau'in Kasa	Mai sauƙi, mai albarka, mai tsafta	Ƙasa mai yashi ko ƙasa mai laushi ita ce mafi kyau; ya kamata a gyara ƙasa mai nauyi ta yumbu
PH na ƙasa	6.0-7.0	Dan kadan mai tsami zuwa tsaka tsaki
Tazara	Tsawon ƙafa 3-4 tsakanin juna	Layuka ƙafa 4-6 a tsakaninsu; tsirrai na iya kaiwa tsawon ƙafa 3-4 da faɗi
Zazzabi	60-70°F (15-21°C)	Yana jure sanyi mai sauƙi amma ba ya jure sanyi mai tauri ba

Layukan shuke-shuken artichoke da suka girma a rana mai kyau, tare da manyan furanni kore da kuma manyan ganyen da aka yi wa ado a cikin ƙasa mai kyau. Danna ko danna hoton don ƙarin bayani.

Fara Artichokes

Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu na fara amfani da artichoke a lambun ku: daga iri ko kuma daga sassan/mafi yawan lambu. Kowace hanya tana da fa'idodi dangane da yanayin ku da burin ku na girma.

Farawa daga Tsaba

Fara amfani da iri yana da araha kuma yana ba ku damar gwada nau'ikan iri daban-daban. Wannan hanyar tana da mahimmanci musamman ga masu lambu a yanayin sanyi waɗanda ke noma iri iri a matsayin amfanin gona na shekara-shekara.

Yaushe Za a Fara Iri

Fara shuka iri a cikin gida makonni 8-10 kafin ranar sanyi ta ƙarshe ta bazara
Tsaba suna tsiro mafi kyau a yanayin zafi tsakanin 70-80°F (21-27°C)
Yi amfani da tabarmar zafi don kiyaye yanayin zafin ƙasa mai daidaito
Yi tsammanin germination cikin kwanaki 10-14

Tsarin Fara Iri

Cika kwantena masu fara iri da ingantaccen haɗin da ke fara iri
Shuka iri ¼ zurfin inci
A kiyaye ƙasa a koda yaushe tana da danshi amma ba ta cika da ruwa ba
Da zarar ganyen suka bayyana, sai a dasa su a cikin tukunya mai inci 4.
A zafin jiki ya kai digiri 60-70 na Fahrenheit da rana da kuma digiri 50-60 na Fahrenheit da dare

Tsarin Shuka na Noma na Shekara-shekara: Don noman amfanin gona na shekara-shekara a yanayin sanyi, shuke-shuken artichoke suna buƙatar lokacin sanyi (45-50°F) na kimanin kwanaki 10 don haifar da samuwar ƙwaya. Ana iya cimma wannan ta hanyar daidaita ƙwayayen a hankali zuwa yanayin waje lokacin da yanayin zafi ya wuce daskarewa amma har yanzu yana da sanyi.

Ƙananan tsire-tsire na artichoke da ke tsiro a cikin ƙananan tukwane baƙi a ƙarƙashin hasken haske na cikin gida, tare da ganye kore masu lafiya da tiren ƙasa mai lakabi. Danna ko danna hoton don ƙarin bayani.

Farawa daga Rarrabuwa ko Tsirrai na Nursery

A cikin yanayi mai dumi inda artichoke ke girma a matsayin tsire-tsire na dindindin, zaku iya siyan tsire-tsire da aka kafa daga wuraren renon yara ko kuma raba shuke-shuken da ke akwai. Wannan hanyar tana ba ku damar fara lokacin girma.

Fa'idodin Shuke-shuken Renon Yara

Lokacin girbi cikin sauri
Babban ƙimar nasara ga masu farawa
Zaɓin iri-iri da aka tabbatar
Babu buƙatar kayan aikin fara iri

Tsarin Shuka

Shirya ramin dasawa ninki biyu na faɗin ƙwallon tushe
Haɗa takin zamani a cikin ƙasar asali
Sanya shukar a zurfin da take girma a cikin akwati iri ɗaya
Cika bayan gida da cakuda ƙasa sannan a taurare a hankali
Ruwa sosai bayan dasa

Lambu yana shuka kambin artichoke ya rabu zuwa ƙasa mai duhu, tare da tushen da ganye kore a bayyane suke. Danna ko danna hoton don ƙarin bayani.

Amfani da Rarrabuwa

Cikin dashen da aka dasa na tsawon lokaci, za ku iya raba shuke-shuken artichoke duk bayan shekaru 3-4 a farkon bazara. Haƙa kambin kuma ku raba rassan da aka haɗa da saiwoyin, sannan ku sake dasawa nan take.

Nau'ikan Artichoke da aka Ba da Shawara

Don Samarwa na Shekara-shekara

Imperial Star - An noma ta musamman don samar da ita kowace shekara, tana samar da 'ya'yan itace a shekarar farko daga iri.
Colorado Star - nau'in shekara-shekara tare da furanni masu launin shuɗi
Opera - Balaga da wuri tare da kyakkyawan haƙurin sanyi

Don Lambunan Perennial

Green Globe - Nau'in gargajiya mai ɗanɗano mai kyau
Babban Zuciya - Iri-iri marasa ƙaya tare da manyan furanni
Violetto - kayan tarihi na Italiya tare da furanni masu launin shuɗi

Don Noman Kwantena

Tempo - Ƙananan nau'ikan da suka dace da manyan kwantena
Shuɗin Romagna - nau'in Italiyanci mai kyau tare da daidaitawa mai kyau na kwantena
Emerald - Ƙaramin shuka mai kyau da yawan amfanin ƙasa

Iri-iri iri-iri na artichoke suna girma tare da juna, suna nuna furanni kore da shunayya tare da siffofi na ganye daban-daban a cikin lambu mai kyau. Danna ko danna hoton don ƙarin bayani.

Kulawa da Kulawa

Kulawa mai kyau yana da mahimmanci ga tsirrai masu lafiya da kuma yawan girbi. Waɗannan tsire-tsire suna da abinci mai yawa kuma suna buƙatar kulawa akai-akai a duk lokacin girma.

Ruwa

Artichokes suna buƙatar danshi mai ɗorewa don samar da furanni masu laushi da daɗi. Rashin ruwa akai-akai na iya haifar da artichokes masu tauri da ɗaci.

Ruwa sosai kuma ba kasafai ba, maimakon ruwa mai zurfi akai-akai
A samar da inci 1-2 na ruwa a kowane mako, ana daidaita shi da ruwan sama
Ruwa a gindin shuke-shuke don kiyaye foliage bushe da kuma hana cututtuka
Ƙara ruwa a lokacin samuwar buds da kuma lokacin zafi da bushewa
Rage ban ruwa a lokacin kaka ga shuke-shuken da suka daɗe suna rayuwa domin shiryawa don yin barci

Yin taki

A matsayin masu ciyar da abinci mai yawa, artichoke yana amfana daga takin zamani akai-akai a duk lokacin girma.

Kafin dasawa, a zuba taki ko taki mai kyau a cikin ƙasa.
A shafa takin zamani mai daidaito (kamar 10-10-10) a lokacin shuka
Riga gefe da takin zamani ko takin zamani mai daidaito idan tsayin tsirrai ya kai inci 6
A shafa ƙarin taki lokacin da buds suka fara fitowa
Ga masu shekaru da yawa, sake ciyarwa a farkon bazara idan sabon tsiro ya bayyana

Mai lambu yana shayar da shuke-shuken artichoke da kuma shuka su a cikin lambun da hasken rana ke haskakawa tare da gadaje masu tsayi da ciyawar bambaro. Danna ko danna hoton don ƙarin bayani.

Ciki

Mulch yana da amfani da yawa a cikin noman artichoke, yana taimakawa wajen adana danshi, rage ciyawa, da kuma daidaita zafin ƙasa.

A shafa wani Layer na ciyawa mai tsawon inci 3-4 a kusa da tsire-tsire bayan an kafa su
A ajiye ciyawar a nesa da inci kaɗan daga tushe don hana ruɓewa
Yi amfani da bambaro, ganyen da aka yayyanka, ko tsofaffin guntun itace
A yanayin zafi, ciyawa tana taimakawa wajen sanyaya ƙasa
Don shuke-shuken da suka daɗe a yankuna 7-8, a yi amfani da ƙarin ciyawa a lokacin kaka don kare hunturu

Shuke-shuken artichoke masu lafiya suna girma a cikin gadon lambu, kowannensu yana kewaye da kauri mai kauri na ciyawa a ƙasa. Danna ko danna hoton don ƙarin bayani.

Kulawar Lokacin Sanyi Don Shuke-shuke Masu Tsawon Rai

A yankunan da artichokes ke girma a matsayin tsire-tsire na dindindin, kulawa ta hunturu mai kyau tana tabbatar da cewa tsire-tsire sun rayu don sake samar da amfanin gona a shekara mai zuwa.

Ga Yankuna 8 da Warmer

Bayan girbin kaka, a yanka shuke-shuken zuwa matakin ƙasa
Rufe da inci 3-4 na ciyawar halitta
Cire ciyawa a hankali a lokacin bazara yayin da yanayin zafi ke zafi

Ga Yankuna 6-7 (Yankunan Gefen)

A yanka shuke-shuke zuwa tsayin kusan inci 12
Tattara ciyawar halitta a kan shuke-shuke
Rufe da kwandon bushel mai juyi ko babban tukunya
Ƙara wani Layer na ciyawa a kusa da murfin
Rufe da murfin hana ruwa shiga, don ɗaure gefuna
Cire kariya bayan haɗarin sanyi mai ƙarfi ya wuce

Girbi na Artichokes

Sanin lokacin da kuma yadda ake girbin artichoke yana da matuƙar muhimmanci don jin daɗinsu a lokacin da suke da ɗanɗano da taushi. Lokacin girbinku zai dogara ne akan ko kuna noma su a matsayin shekara-shekara ko kuma na dindindin.

Girbi artichokes lokacin da ganyen suka yi ƙarfi kuma suka yi ƙarfi, kafin bracts su fara rabuwa

Lokacin girbi

Girbi manyan buds lokacin da suka kai diamita na inci 3-5
Ya kamata furanni su kasance masu matsewa da kuma ƙanƙanta tare da maƙallan rufewa (sikelin)
Ga shuke-shuken da suka daɗe, girbin farko yawanci yana faruwa ne a bazara na shekara ta biyu
Ga shuke-shuke na shekara-shekara, girbi yawanci yana farawa daga tsakiyar zuwa ƙarshen lokacin rani
Furanni na biyu za su fito bayan an girbe babban furen

Kusa da manyan furannin artichoke tare da mayafin kore da aka rufe sosai suna girma a cikin filin da hasken rana ke haskakawa. Danna ko danna hoton don ƙarin bayani.

Yadda ake Girbi

Yi amfani da wuka mai kaifi ko kuma yanke kayan yanka
Yanke sandar a cikin inci 1-3 a ƙasa da tushen.
Girbi babban toho (tashar) da farko lokacin da ya kai girmansa cikakke
Bayan girbe babban toho, ƙananan ƙananan ganyen gefe za su fito
Ci gaba da girbe 'ya'yan itacen gefe yayin da suka kai girman da ya dace

Matakan ci gaban Artichoke: daga ƙaramin toho zuwa furen buɗewa

Kula da Bayan Girbi

Kulawa da kyau bayan girbi yana tabbatar da mafi kyawun ɗanɗano kuma yana tsawaita rayuwar ajiya.

A saka artichoke da aka girbe a firiji nan da nan
Ajiye ba tare da an wanke ba a cikin jakar filastik mai ramuka
Za a ajiye Artichokes har zuwa makonni biyu a cikin firiji
Ga shuke-shuken da suka daɗe, a yanka rassa a ƙasa bayan an gama girbin ƙarshe.
A yanayi mai dumi, yanke shuke-shuke da kashi ɗaya bisa uku a tsakiyar lokacin rani na iya samar da amfanin gona na kaka.

Jariran Artichoke: Kada ku zubar da ƙananan ƙananan ganyen gefe! Waɗannan "baby artichoke" suna da daɗi kuma galibi suna da laushi. Ana iya dafa su gaba ɗaya kuma ba su da "shake" a ciki.

Hoto mai inganci yana nuna artichoke guda huɗu a kan saman katako, an tsara su daga hagu zuwa dama don nuna matakan da ba su kai ba, masu tasowa, masu girma, da kuma waɗanda suka yi fure, tare da artichoke na ƙarshe yana nuna fure mai launin shunayya. Danna ko danna hoton don ƙarin bayani.

Kwari da Matsalolin da Aka Fi Sani

Duk da cewa artichoke galibi tsire-tsire ne masu ƙarfi, suna iya fuskantar ƙalubale da dama. Gano waɗannan matsalolin da kuma magance su cikin gaggawa zai taimaka wajen tabbatar da nasarar girbi.

Aphids kwari ne da aka saba samu a kan artichoke amma ana iya sarrafa su da masu farautar dabbobi na halitta.

Gudanar da Kwari

Kwari	Alamu	Maganin Halitta
Ƙwayoyin cuta	Gungun ƙananan kwari a kan ganye da ƙuraje; ragowar manne	Feshi mai ƙarfi na ruwa; sabulun kashe kwari; ƙarfafa masu farautar halitta kamar ƙwari
Slugs da katantanwa	Rami a cikin ganye; hanyoyin slime	Shingen ƙasa mai kama da na Diatomaceous; tarkon giya; tsince-tsincen hannu da daddare
Kwaro mai launin shuɗi	Tuddai a cikin tushe da buds	Cire sassan da abin ya shafa; ƙwayoyin nematodes masu amfani; Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt)
Kunne-kunne	Raƙuman da suka lalace a cikin ganye	Tarkunan jarida da aka naɗe; tarkunan mai; ƙasa mai kama da tauraro

Gudanar da Cututtuka

Cuta	Alamun	Rigakafi da Magani
Botrytis Blight (Gray Mold)	Girman launin toka mai duhu a kan ganye da buds	Inganta zagayawar iska; a guji shayar da ruwa a sama; a cire sassan da abin ya shafa; a shafa man neem
Powdery Mildew	Farar fata mai laushi akan ganye	Tazara mai isasshen yawa; feshin madara (rabo 1:10 da ruwa); potassium bicarbonate
Tushen Rot	Yana narkewa duk da isasshen ruwa; ganyen suna yin rawaya	Inganta magudanar ruwa; a guji yawan ruwa; a dasa a kan gadaje masu tsayi idan ƙasa tana da nauyi
Curly Dwarf Virus	Ci gaban da ya tsaya cak; ganye masu lanƙwasa, rawaya	Sarrafa ƙwayoyin cuta (masu yaɗuwa); cire da kuma lalata shuke-shuken da abin ya shafa; yi amfani da kayan da ba su da ƙwayoyin cuta

Matsalolin Muhalli

Kalubalen gama gari

Damuwar fari na haifar da ƙuraje masu tauri da ɗaci
Ƙasa mai cike da ruwa wanda ke haifar da ruɓewar tushenta
Zafi mai tsanani yana sa tsire-tsire su yi ruri
Lalacewar sanyi a yankunan gefe
Rashin gina jiki daga ƙasa mara kyau

Dabarun Rigakafi

Tsarin ruwa mai ci gaba
Inganta magudanar ruwa ta hanyar amfani da gadaje masu ɗagawa
Samar da inuwa ta rana a cikin yanayi mai zafi
Kariyar hunturu mai kyau a yankuna 6-7
Gwaji da gyare-gyare na ƙasa akai-akai

Gargaɗi: Idan shuke-shuken artichoke sun nuna alamun cututtuka masu tsanani ko kamuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta, sau da yawa ya fi kyau a cire su gaba ɗaya don hana yaɗuwa zuwa wasu shuke-shuke. Fara sabo da sabbin shuke-shuke marasa cututtuka a wani wuri daban.

Hoton da ke kusa da babban kwari na ƙwari da ke farautar ƙwari a kan ganyaye da kuma tushen shukar artichoke. Danna ko danna hoton don ƙarin bayani.

Kammalawa

Noman artichoke a lambunka na iya zama abin sha'awa wanda ke samar da kyawun kayan ado da girbi mai daɗi. Duk da cewa waɗannan tsire-tsire na musamman suna da takamaiman buƙatu, suna da sauƙin daidaitawa da yanayi daban-daban na girma tare da kulawa mai kyau.

Ko kuna noman artichoke a matsayin tsire-tsire masu dawwama a yanayi mai sauƙi ko kuma a matsayin tsire-tsire na shekara-shekara a yankin da ke da sanyi, mabuɗin samun nasara shine shirya ƙasa yadda ya kamata, kulawa akai-akai, da kuma girbi a kan lokaci. Ganyen kore mai launin azurfa yana ƙara wa lambunku wani abu mai ban sha'awa, kuma furanni masu daɗi suna ba da abincin da ya dace wanda yake da wahalar samu a shaguna.

Kada ku ji tsoron sunan artichoke a matsayin amfanin gona na musamman. Da bayanin da ke cikin wannan jagorar, har ma da masu lambu na farko za su iya shuka waɗannan shuke-shuke masu ban sha'awa cikin nasara. Fara da shuke-shuke kaɗan, kuma nan ba da jimawa ba za ku gano dalilin da ya sa masu lambu ke noma artichoke tsawon ƙarni da yawa.

Farin cikin girma!

Hoton shimfidar wuri na lambun artichoke mai bunƙasa tare da shuke-shuken da suka girma da kuma kwandon wicker cike da sabbin artichoke da aka girbe a kan hanyar ƙasa. Danna ko danna hoton don ƙarin bayani.

Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi

Tsawon wane lokaci ake ɗauka kafin a shuka artichoke daga iri zuwa girbi?

Lokacin da ake shuka artichoke a matsayin amfanin gona na shekara-shekara daga iri, a yi tsammanin kwanaki 85-100 daga dasawa zuwa girbi. Jimillar lokacin daga iri zuwa girbi yawanci kwanaki 150-180 ne, ya danganta da yanayin girma. Ga dasa shuki na dindindin, girbin farko mai mahimmanci yawanci yakan zo ne a shekara ta biyu.

Za a iya shuka artichoke a cikin kwantena?

Eh, ana iya shuka artichoke a cikin kwantena, amma suna buƙatar manyan tukwane (aƙalla inci 24 a diamita da inci 24 zurfi) saboda tsarin tushensu mai yawa. Yi amfani da cakuda tukunya mai inganci wanda aka wadatar da takin zamani, tabbatar da kyakkyawan magudanar ruwa, da ruwa akai-akai. Artichoke da aka noma a cikin kwantena na iya zama ƙanana fiye da shuke-shuken da aka noma a lambu amma har yanzu yana iya samar da girbi mai kyau.

Me yasa ƙurar artichoke ta ƙanana kuma tauri?

Ƙananan furannin artichoke masu tauri galibi suna faruwa ne sakamakon damuwa kamar rashin isasshen ruwa, ƙarancin sinadarai masu gina jiki, ko yanayin zafi mai tsanani. Tabbatar da cewa shuke-shuke suna samun ruwa mai zurfi akai-akai, isasshen taki, da kariya daga zafi mai tsanani. Girbi a lokacin da ya dace (kafin furanni su fara buɗewa) shi ma yana tabbatar da laushin artichoke.

Nawa artichoke za a samar da shuka ɗaya?

Shukar artichoke mai girma yawanci tana samar da furanni 5-8 a kowace kakar idan aka girma a matsayin shekara-shekara, kuma har zuwa furanni 20-30 idan aka girma a matsayin tsire-tsire masu dawwama a cikin shekaru na biyu da na gaba. Kowace shuka za ta samar da babban tsiro ɗaya na farko da ƙananan furanni na biyu da yawa. Yawaita ya bambanta dangane da iri-iri, yanayin girma, da kulawa.

Karin Karatu

Idan kuna jin daɗin wannan sakon, kuna iya kuma son waɗannan shawarwari: