Izinhlobo Ezingcono Kakhulu Ze-Cherry Ongazikhulisa Engadini Yakho

Izinto Ezibalulekile Zokukhetha Izinhlobo Ezingcono Kakhulu Ze-Cherry

Ngaphambi kokungena ezinhlotsheni ezithile, kubalulekile ukuqonda izici ezibalulekile ezizonquma ukuthi yiziphi izihlahla zama-cherry ezizokhula engadini yakho. Ukwenza ukukhetha okufanele zisuka nje kuzokongela isikhathi, umzamo, kanye nokudumazeka okungenzeka.

Ukufaneleka Kwesimo Sezulu kanye Nezindawo Eziqinile

Izihlahla ze-cherry zinezidingo ezithile zesimo sezulu ukuze zikhiqize izithelo ngempumelelo. Ama-cherry amnandi (i-Prunus avium) ngokuvamile akhula ezindaweni ze-USDA 5-8, kuyilapho ama-cherries e-tart (Prunus cerasus) angakwazi ukuphatha amazinga okushisa abandayo ezindaweni ezingu-4-7. Zombili lezi zinhlobo zidinga inombolo ethile "yamahora okubanda" (isikhathi esichithwa ngaphansi kuka-45°F) ebusika ukuze kusethe izithelo kahle.

Izidingo Zempova

Ukuqonda izidingo zempova kubalulekile lapho ukhetha izinhlobo zama-cherry. Ama-cherry amaningi amnandi adinga ukudluliswa kwempova kusuka ezinhlobonhlobo ezihambisanayo ukuze akhiqize izithelo, okusho ukuthi uzodinga ukutshala okungenani izinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukene ezihambisanayo. Kodwa-ke, kukhona ama-cherries amahle kakhulu azithululela impova atholakalayo angakhiqiza izithelo ngaphandle kwesihlahla somlingani, okuwenza alungele izingadi ezincane.

Isikhala Nosayizi Wesihlahla

Izihlahla ze-cherry ziza ngobukhulu obuhlukahlukene, kusukela kokujwayelekile (ukufinyelela ku-25-30 ubude ubude) kuya ku-semi-dwarf (15-20 amafidi) kanye nezinhlobo ezincane (8-12 ft). Ubukhulu ngokuyinhloko bunqunywa isiphunzi lapho inhlobo ixhunyelelwa khona. Izihlahla zama-cherry ezincane zilungele izingadi ezincane futhi zingatshalwa nasezitsheni ezinkulu kumavulandi.

Uhlobo Lwezithelo Nezintandokazi Ze-Flavour

Izinhlobo zama-cherry ziwela ezigabeni ezimbili eziyinhloko: ama-cherry amnandi okudla okusha kanye nama-cherries (amuncu) asetshenziselwa ukupheka nokubhaka. Ama-cherry amnandi avamise ukuba makhudlwana ane-flavour ecebile, emnandi, kuyilapho ama-cherries e-tart enephrofayili ekhanyayo, ene-asidi ewenza alungele ophaya, okokugcina, namajusi. Ukusetshenziswa kwakho okuhlosiwe kuzokuqondisa ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo ongalukhetha.

8 Izinhlobo Ezinhle Kakhulu Zokukhulela Engadini Yakho

Ngemva kocwaningo olunzulu nokuxhumana nochwepheshe bezolimo, sihlonze izinhlobo zama-cherry ezihamba phambili ezinikeza ukunambitheka okuhle kakhulu, ukumelana nezifo okuhle, nokukhiqizwa okuthembekile kwabalimi basekhaya. Uhlobo ngalunye lukhethiwe ngenxa yezimfanelo zalo ezivelele kanye nokuvumelana nezimo ezihlukahlukene zokukhula.

1. I-Bing Cherry

Izindawo eziqinile: 5-8

Usayizi Wesihlahla: 18-25 izinyawo (okujwayelekile); 12-15 amafidi (semi-dwarf)

Impova: Idinga impova ehlukahlukene

Iphrofayili Ye-Flavor: Imnandi, icebile, futhi inojusi enenyama eqinile

I-Bing iwuhlobo lwecherry emnandi yakudala futhi isalokhu ingenye edume kakhulu ngesizathu esihle. Lezi zithelo ezinkulu, ezimise okwenhliziyo ziba nombala obomvu we-mahogany uma sezivuthiwe futhi zinikeza ukunambitheka okukhethekile. Izihlahla ziyakhiqiza futhi zinamandla, nakuba zidinga enye inhlobo yecherry emnandi ehambisanayo eduze ukuze iphole. I-Black Tartarian, i-Van, ne-Stella bangabathuthi bempova abahle kakhulu be-Bing.

I-Bing cherry ilungele ukudla okusha kodwa futhi ibambe kahle ukuze igcinwe futhi iqhwa. Ngokuvamile zivuthwa maphakathi noJuni kuya ekuqaleni kukaJulayi, kuye ngendawo yakho yesimo sezulu.

2. Stella Cherry

Izindawo eziqinile: 5-8

Usayizi Wesihlahla: 15-20 izinyawo (okujwayelekile); 10-14 amafidi (semi-dwarf)

Impova: Ukuzivundisa

Iphrofayili Ye-Flavour: Imnandi futhi inothile ngokuthungwa okuhle

I-Stella kwaba uhlobo lokuqala lwe-cherry elimnandi oluzivundile olwakhiwe futhi luhlala lungenye yezinketho ezinhle kakhulu ezingadini zasekhaya. Le cherry eyakhiwe eCanada ikhiqiza izithelo ezinkulu, ezibomvu ezimnyama ezinokunambitheka okuhle kakhulu. Njengoba izitholela impova, udinga isihlahla esisodwa kuphela ukuze uthole isivuno esihle, okuyenza ilungele izindawo ezincane.

Ngaphandle kokuzivundisa, u-Stella futhi ungumthuthi wempova osezingeni eliphezulu wezinye izinhlobo zamacherry amnandi. Isihlahla sinamandla amaphakathi kanye nomkhuba osabalalayo futhi ngokuvamile siqala ukuthela izithelo phakathi neminyaka engu-3-5 yokutshala. Izithelo zivuthwa phakathi nenkathi, ngokuvamile ekupheleni kukaJuni kuya ekuqaleni kukaJulayi.

3. I-Lapins Cherry

Izindawo Eziqinile: 5-9

Usayizi Wesihlahla: 15-20 izinyawo (okujwayelekile); 10-14 amafidi (semi-dwarf)

Impova: Ukuzivundisa

Iphrofayili Ye-Flavor: I-flavour emnandi, ecebile efana ne-Bing

I-Lapins ingenye inhlobo yamacherry amnandi azithelayo athuthuke eCanada. Ivame ukuchazwa njengenguqulo ezivundile ye-Bing, ikhiqiza izithelo ezinkulu, eziqinile ezinesikhumba esimnyama esibomvu se-mahogany kanye nenyama emnandi, enamanzi. Isihlahla sinamandla ngomkhuba wokukhula oqondile futhi sibonisa ukumelana okuhle nokuqhekeka, inkinga evamile kuma-cherry ngezikhathi zemvula.

Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zibaluleke kakhulu kubalimi ezindaweni ezifudumele njengoba zinezidingo zehora ezibandayo (cishe amahora angu-400) uma kuqhathaniswa namanye ama-cherry amnandi. Ama-Lapins avame ukuvuthwa ngasekupheleni kukaJuni kuya ekuqaleni kukaJulayi, cishe izinsuku eziyi-10 ngemuva kwe-Bing.

4. I-Montmorency Cherry

Izindawo Eziqinile: 4-7

Usayizi Wesihlahla: 15-20 izinyawo (okujwayelekile); 10-12 amafidi (okuncane)

Impova: Ukuzivundisa

Iphrofayili Ye-Flavor: I-flavour ekhanyayo, ye-tart ilungele ukubhaka kanye nokulondolozwa

I-Montmorency iyindinganiso yegolide yama-cherries e-tart, aziswa ngezithelo zawo ezibomvu ezikhanyayo ezinejusi ecacile kanye ne-flavour ye-cherry emuncu yakudala. Lolu hlobo oluzivundile luyakwazi ukumelana nokubanda futhi luyamelana nezifo, okwenza lube elinye lama-cherry alula ukuwatshala ezingadini zasekhaya. Izihlahla zincane ngokwemvelo kunezinhlobo zama-cherry amnandi futhi ziqala ukuthela izithelo zisencane, ngokuvamile phakathi neminyaka engu-2-3 yokutshala.

Nakuba i-tart kakhulu ukuze abantu abaningi bajabulele amasha, ama-cherry e-Montmorency alungele ophaya, okokugcina, amajusi, nokomiswa. Futhi anothe ngama-antioxidants futhi afundelwe izinzuzo zawo zezempilo ezingaba khona, okuhlanganisa ukwehlisa ukuvuvukala nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokulala ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwawo kwemvelo kwe-melatonin.

5. I-Black Tartarian Cherry

Izindawo eziqinile: 5-8

Usayizi Wesihlahla: 20-30 izinyawo (okujwayelekile); 15-18 amafidi (semi-dwarf)

Impova: Idinga impova ehlukahlukene

Iphrofayili Ye-Flavour: Inothile, imnandi, futhi inephunga elimnandi elinenyama ethambile

I-Black Tartarian iyinhlobonhlobo yefa esukela ekuqaleni kwawo-1800, ethandwa ngenxa yezithelo zayo ezinoshukela ngendlela engavamile, ezinojusi ezinokunambitheka okuhlukile. Ama-cherries anobukhulu obuphakathi nombala onsomi-omnyama ojulile lapho esevuthiwe. Nakuba izithelo zithambile kunezinhlobo zesimanje njenge-Bing, abathanda ama-cherry abaningi babheka ukunambitheka kwawo okucebile, okuyinkimbinkimbi njengokungenakuqhathaniswa.

Lolu hlobo luyi-pollinator enhle kakhulu kwamanye ama-cherry amnandi futhi lungenye yezinhlobo zokuqala ukuvuthwa, ngokuvamile ekupheleni kukaMeyi kuya ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Isihlahla sinamandla ngomkhuba wokukhula oqondile futhi singaba sikhulu impela ekuvuthweni, nakuba izimpande ezincane zingasigcina silawuleka kalula ezingadini zasekhaya.

6. I-Rainier Cherry

Izindawo Eziqinile: 5-9

Usayizi Wesihlahla: 18-25 izinyawo (okujwayelekile); 12-15 amafidi (semi-dwarf)

Impova: Idinga impova ehlukahlukene

Iphrofayili Ye-Flavour: Imnandi kakhulu nge-asidi ephansi kanye nokunambitheka okuthambile

I-Rainier iwuhlobo lwecherry emnandi ethuthukiswe e-Washington State University ngokuwela izinhlobo ze-Bing ne-Van. Lawa ma-cherries amakhulu, amise okwenhliziyo anesikhumba esiphuzi esihlukile esinombala obomvana ukuya kokubomvu kanye nenyama ephuzi ephuzi. Ukunambitheka kwabo okumnandi okukhethekile ne-asidi ephansi kubenza babe intandokazi yokudla okusha.

I-Rainier cherries idinga enye inhlobo ye-cherry emnandi ukuze iphole, ne-Bing, i-Van, ne-Black Tartarian okuyizinketho ezinhle. Izihlahla zinamandla futhi ziyakhiqiza, nakuba izithelo ezinombala okhanyayo zingase zibe lula ekulimaleni kwezinyoni kunezinhlobo ezimnyama. Ohlangothini oluhle, umbala okhanyayo ubenza babe mancane amathuba okuthi babonise imihuzuko.

7. I-North Star Cherry

Izindawo Eziqinile: 4-8

Usayizi Wesihlahla: 8-10 izinyawo (i-dwarf ngokwemvelo)

Impova: Ukuzivundisa

Iphrofayili Ye-Flavour: I-flavour ekhanyayo, ye-tart efana ne-Montmorency

I-North Star iyisinqumo esihle kakhulu kubalimi abanendawo elinganiselwe abafuna ukutshala ama-cherries aphuzi. Lolu hlobo oluncane oluncane ngokwemvelo lufinyelela kuphela amamitha angu-8-10 ubude nobubanzi, okwenza lufanele izingadi ezincane ngisho neziqukathi ezinkulu. Yakhelwe eNyuvesi yaseMinnesota, ayibandi kakhulu futhi ayizweli ezifweni.

Izithelo ezibomvu ezikhanyayo zine-tart cherry flavour elungele ophaya, okokugcina, nokunye ukusetshenziswa kokupheka. I-North Star iyazithela futhi ivamise ukuthela izithelo isencane, ngokuvamile phakathi neminyaka engu-2-3 yokutshala. Ivuthwa phakathi nokuphela kukaJulayi ezifundeni eziningi.

8. I-Sweet Heart Cherry

Izindawo eziqinile: 5-8

Usayizi Wesihlahla: 15-20 izinyawo (okujwayelekile); 10-14 amafidi (semi-dwarf)

Impova: Ukuzivundisa

Iphrofayili Ye-Flavour: Imnandi futhi iqinile ngokulinganisela okuhle

I-Sweet Heart iwuhlobo olusha oluzivundile olunweba isizini yama-cherry kanye nesikhathi sayo sokuvuthwa sekwephuzile, ngokuvamile emavikini angu-2-3 ngemva kwe-Bing. Izithelo ezinkulu, ezibomvu ezikhanyayo ziqinile futhi azikwazi ukuqhekeka futhi zine-flavour enhle kakhulu. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo ezifuywe eCanada (ezivela ohlelweni olufanayo olwakha i-Lapins) sezidume ngokushesha kubalimi basekhaya ngokwethembeka kanye nekhwalithi.

Isihlahla sinamandla ngomkhuba wokusabalala futhi siqala ukuthela izithelo phakathi neminyaka engu-3-5. Njengenhlobo ezivundile ngokwazo, ingakhiqiza izitshalo ezinhle ngaphandle komshini wempova, nakuba izophinde isebenze njengesithuthi sempova esihle kwezinye izinhlobo zamacherry amnandi akhula sekwephuzile.

Amathiphu Wokutshala Nokunakekela Izihlahla Ze-Cherry

Uma usukhethe izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu zama-cherry engadini yakho, ukutshala nokunakekelwa okufanele kubalulekile ukuze uphumelele. Nazi iziqondiso ezibalulekile zokusiza izihlahla zakho ze-cherry zikhule:

Indawo yokutshala kanye nomhlabathi

Izihlahla zama-cherry zidinga ilanga eligcwele (ubuncane bamahora angu-6-8 okukhanya kwelanga okuqondile nsuku zonke) kanye nomhlabathi okhipha kahle. Zincamela inhlabathi ene-acidic kancane kunenhlabathi engathathi hlangothi (pH 6.2-6.8) kodwa ziyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezinhlobo zenhlabathi ehlukahlukene inqobo nje uma amanzi emuhle. Ukungagelezi kahle kwamanzi kungaholela ekuboleni kwezimpande nezinye izifo.

Uma utshala, yimba umgodi ububanzi obuphindwe kabili njengebhola lempande kodwa ungashoni. I-graft union (ukuvuvukala okubonakalayo esiqwini) kufanele ihlale ama-intshi angu-1-2 ngaphezu komugqa wenhlabathi ngemva kokutshala. Izihlahla ezijwayelekile zasemkhathini ngamafidi angama-20-30 ngokuhlukana, ingxenye encane ngamafidi angu-15-20 ngokuhlukana, kanye nezinhlobo ezincane eziqhelelene ngamafidi angu-8-12.

Ukunisela Nokuvundisa

Izihlahla zama-cherry ezisanda kutshalwa zidinga ukuchelelwa njalo ngonyaka wazo wokuqala, ikakhulukazi ngezikhathi ezomile. Uma sezisunguliwe, zidinga cishe intshi engu-1 yamanzi ngeviki ngesikhathi sokukhula. Gwema ukuchelela phezulu, okungakhuthaza izifo zesikhunta.

Ukuze uthole ukukhulelwa, linda kuze kube yilapho isihlahla siqala ukukhula okusebenzayo entwasahlobo ngaphambi kokufaka umanyolo olinganiselayo wesihlahla sezithelo. Izihlahla ezincane zizuza kufomula ye-nitrogen ephansi (efana ne-5-10-10) ukukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwezithelo kunokukhula kwezitshalo ngokweqile. Njalo landela izikhombisi-ndlela zephakheji zezilinganiso zohlelo lokusebenza.

Ukuthena Nokuqeqeshwa

Ukuthena ngendlela efanele kubalulekile ukuze izihlahla zama-cherry zibe nesakhiwo esiqinile futhi zikhiqize izithelo ezinhle. Izihlahla eziningi zama-cherry zithenwa endaweni evulekile noma uhlelo oluphakathi lwabaholi olulungisiwe. Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuthena kusekupheleni kobusika ngenkathi isihlahla sisamile kodwa ngaphambi kokuba kuqale ukukhula kwentwasahlobo.

Ezihlahleni ezincane, gxila ekusunguleni uhlaka oluhle lwamagatsha esikafula. Susa noma yimaphi amagatsha akhula phansi, phakathi nendawo, noma awela amanye amagatsha. Ezihlahleni ezivuthiwe, nciphisa izindawo eziminyene ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukujikeleza komoya kanye nokungena okuncane, okusiza ukunciphisa izinkinga zezifo futhi kuthuthukise izinga lezithelo.

Ukulawulwa Kwezinambuzane Nezifo

Izihlahla ze-cherry zingangenwa yizinambuzane nezifo ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa i-cherry fruit fly, ama-aphid, ukubola okunsundu, kanye ne-bacterial canker. Indlela esebenzayo yokuphatha ihlanganisa:

• Ukukhetha izinhlobo ezimelana nezifo uma kungenzeka
• Ukugcina ukugeleza komoya okuhle ngokuthena ngendlela efanele
• Ukuhlanza amaqabunga awile nezithelo ngokushesha
• Ukusebenzisa izifutho ezifanele ze-organic noma ezivamile njengoba kudingeka
• Ukuvikela izithelo ezivuthwayo ezinyonini ezinetha

Izinkinga eziningi zesihlahla se-cherry zingavinjelwa noma zincishiswe ngemikhuba emihle yamasiko, ngakho ukuqapha nokugcinwa njalo kuyisihluthulelo sempumelelo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana Nokukhulisa Izihlahla Ze-Cherry

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi izihlahla zama-cherry zithele?

Izihlahla eziningi zama-cherry ziqala ukuthela phakathi neminyaka engu-3-5 ngemva kokutshala. Izinhlobo ezincanyana kanye nama-cherries e-tart ngokuvamile akhiqiza ngaphambi kwesikhathi (ngezinye izikhathi eminyakeni engu-2-3), kuyilapho ama-cherry amnandi asezingeni elijwayelekile angathatha iminyaka engu-5-7 ukufinyelela ukukhiqizwa okuphelele. Ukunakekelwa nokunakekelwa okufanele kungasiza izihlahla zikhule ngokushesha.

Ngingakwazi ukutshala izihlahla zama-cherry ezitsheni?

Yebo, izinhlobo ze-cherry ezincane zingatshalwa ngempumelelo ezitsheni. Khetha ibhodwe elikhulu (ubuncane obungama-intshi angu-18-24 ububanzi) elinamanzi amahle. Sebenzisa inhlabathi yezimbiza esezingeni eliphezulu exutshwe nomquba, futhi ulungele ukunisela kaningi kunezihlahla ezingaphansi komhlaba. Izinhlobo ezincanyana ezifana neNkanyezi YaseNyakatho (i-tart) kanye nezinhlobo zama-cherry amnandi ahlangene ku-Gisela 5 yizinqumo ezinhle zokukhula kweziqukathi.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-cherry ezingcono kakhulu eziqinile ezingadini zasenyakatho?

Ezifundeni ezibandayo ezisenyakatho (izindawo ezingu-4-5), ama-cherries e-tart ngokuvamile enza kangcono kunezinhlobo ezimnandi. I-Montmorency kanye ne-North Star ama-cherries aqinile aqinile abandayo. Kuma-cherry amnandi ezindaweni ezibandayo, cabanga nge-Stella, Igolide Elimnyama, noma Igolide Elimhlophe, anokuqina okubandayo okubandayo kunezinye izinhlobo eziningi ezinoshukela. Ukutshala emthambekeni obheke eningizimu noma eduze kwesakhiwo nakho kunganikeza isivikelo esithile ezimweni ezinzima zasebusika.

Ngisivikela kanjani isivuno samacherry ami ezinyonini?

Izinyoni zithanda ama-cherry njengathi! Isivikelo esiphumelela kakhulu ukumboza izihlahla ngenetha lezinyoni njengoba izithelo ziqala ukuvuthwa. Ezihlahleni ezincane, lokhu kulula; ngezihlahla ezinkulu, kungase kudingeke ugxile ekuvikeleni amagatsha aphansi. Ezinye izinto ezivimbelayo zihlanganisa i-refleive tape, ama-predator decoys, nama-ultrasonic, nakuba lezi zivame ukungasebenzi kahle ngokuhamba kwesikhathi njengoba izinyoni ziwajwayela.

Yini ebangela ukuthi izithelo ze-cherry ziqhekeke, futhi ngingazivimbela kanjani?

Ukuqhekeka kwenzeka lapho ama-cherries emunca amanzi amaningi esikhunjeni sawo ngemva kwemvula, ikakhulukazi uma eseseduze nokuvuthwa. Ukuze unciphise ukuqhekeka, gcina umswakama wenhlabathi ongashintshi (gwema isomiso esilandelwa ukuchelela kakhulu) futhi ucabangele ukukhula kwezinhlobo ezimelana nokuqhekeka njengeLapins, Sweet Heart, neRainier. Abanye abalimi basebenzisa izembozo zepulasitiki ukuze bavikele izithelo ezivuthwayo emvuleni.

Isiphetho

Ukukhula kwezihlahla ze-cherry engadini yakho kunikeza kokubili ubuhle bokuhlobisa kanye nesivuno esimnandi esidlula kude isithelo esithengwe esitolo ngokunambitheka nobusha. Ngokukhetha izinhlobo ezifanelana nesimo sezulu, indawo, kanye nezintandokazi zakho zokunambitha, ungajabulela impumelelo ngisho nanjengomlimi oqalayo wezithelo.

Ezikhaleni ezincane noma abasaqalayo, izinhlobo ezizithutha impova njengo-Stella, i-Lapins, noma i-North Star zinikeza indlela elula eya empumelelweni. Labo abanendawo yezihlahla eziningi bangase bajabulele ubuhle bakudala be-Bing ebhangqwe ne-pollinator enhle njenge-Black Tartarian. Futhi kulabo abathanda ukupheka, okuhlanganisa okungenani i-cherry eyodwa ye-tart efana ne-Montmorency iqinisekisa ukuthi uzoba nesithelo esiphelele samaphayi, okokugcina, nokunye ukuphatha.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ozikhethayo, ukutshala okufanele nokunakekelwa kuzokuvuza ngeminyaka yezimbali zasentwasahlobo nezithelo zasehlobo ezenza izihlahla ze-cherry phakathi kwezengezo ezithandekayo kunoma iyiphi ingadi yasekhaya.

Ukufunda Okuqhubekayo

Uma ukujabulele lokhu okuthunyelwe, ungaphinda uthande lezi ziphakamiso:

• Izinhlobo Ezinhle Kakhulu Zotamatisi Ongakhula Engadini Yakho
• Imifino Ephezulu Eyi-10 Enempilo Kakhulu Engakhula Engadini Yakho Yasekhaya
• Izinhlobo Ezingcono Kakhulu Zasesitrobheni Ongazikhulisa Engadini Yakho