Umhlahlandlela Ophelele Wokukhulisa Ubhontshisi Engadini Yakho

Isithombe esinesinqumo esiphezulu esibonisa uphizi oluthambile, uphizi weqhwa, kanye nophizi oluqoshwe phansi oluhlelwe eceleni kobuso bokhuni oluluhlaza Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.

Kulo mhlahlandlela ophelele, sizohamba ngakho konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana nokutshala uphizi ngempumelelo - kusukela ekukhetheni izinhlobo ezifanele kuya ekuvuneni ngesikhathi esifanele. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unensimu enkulu engadini noma izitsha ezimbalwa nje egcekeni lakho, uzothola ukuthi kulula futhi kwanelisa kangakanani ukutshala uphizi wakho omnandi, ongokwemvelo.

Izinhlobo Ezinhle Kakhulu Zezingadi Zasekhaya

Ngaphambi kokutshala, kubalulekile ukuqonda izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-peas ezitholakalayo. Uhlobo ngalunye lunikeza izici ezihlukile kanye nokusetshenziswa kwalo ekhishini. Nazi izigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko zama-peas ongazitshala engadini yakho yasekhaya:

Izinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zama-peas: ama-shelling peas, ama-snow peas, kanye nama-sugar snap peas

Ubhontshisi Obuqotshiwe (Ubhontshisi Obungadini)

Lezi zinhlobo zendabuko, ezaziwa nangokuthi ama-English peas, zikhiqiza ama-pod anobhontshisi omnandi nokhuluphele ngaphakathi okudingeka ahlungwe ngaphambi kokudliwa. Ama-pod ngokwawo ane-fiber kakhulu ukuba angadliwa.

Izinhlobo Ezinconywayo:

• 'Umcibisholo Oluhlaza' - Ukhiqiza isivuno esikhulu ezivinini ezingamamitha angu-2-3 futhi umelana kahle nezifo
• 'Lincoln' - Ukunambitheka okumnandi okunama-peas angu-8-9 nge-pod ngayinye, kuhle ukuqandisa
• 'I-Little Marvel' - Izitshalo ezincane ezingamasentimitha angu-15 ezilungele izindawo ezincane
• 'Wando' - Uhlobo olubekezelela ukushisa olwandisa isikhathi sakho sokukhula

Izandla eziseduze zikhipha uphizi oluhlaza olusha oluvela emabhodweni avulekile etafuleni lokhuni elinophizi olukhululekile kanye ne-colander yensimbi ngemuva. Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.

Ama-Snow Peas

Lawa ma-peas avunwa lapho ama-pods esathe tyaba kanti ama-peas angaphakathi mancane. Lonke leli pod liyadliwa futhi livame ukusetshenziswa kuma-stir-fries kanye nokudla kwase-Asia. Ayaziwa ngokuthungwa kwawo okumnandi nokuqinile.

Izinhlobo Ezinconywayo:

• 'Oregon Sugar Pod II' - Izihlahla ezincane ezingamafidi angu-2.5 ezinomkhiqizo omuhle kakhulu
• 'I-Mammoth Melting Sugar' - Ama-pod amakhulu, amnandi emivinini engamamitha angu-4-5
• 'I-Snowbird' - Uhlobo olumelana nezifo olukhiqizwa kusenesikhathi

Izihlahla ze-snow pea ezikhuphuka esihlahleni sokhuni esinama-pod aluhlaza nezimbali ezimhlophe engadini ekhanyiswe yilanga Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.

Ubhontshisi Onoshukela

Okuhle kakhulu kuzo zombili lezi zindawo, uphizi we-sugar snap unikeza ama-pod adliwayo anophizi obukhulu ngaphakathi. Amnandi kakhulu futhi angadliwa ephelele, okwenza afaneleke kakhulu ekuphekeni ukudla okulula, amasaladi, kanye nokupheka.

Izinhlobo Ezinconywayo:

• 'Sugar Ann' - Umkhiqizi wokuqala onemivini emincane engamafidi amabili, ofanele kakhulu izitsha
• 'I-Super Sugar Mel' - Ama-pod amnandi kakhulu angamasentimitha angu-4 anephunga elimnandi kakhulu
• 'I-Sugar Snap' - Uhlobo lokuqala lwe-snap pea olunobumnandi obumangalisayo
• 'I-Sugar Magnolia' - Ama-pod nezimbali ezinsomi ukuze kukhange futhi kudliwe

Icebiso Lomlimi: Uma umusha ekutshaleni uphizi noma unesikhala esincane, zama izinhlobo zezihlahla ezifana ne-'Sugar Ann' noma i-'Little Marvel' ezingadingi ukuchelela okubanzi. Ukuze uthole ubumnandi obukhulu kanye nokuvuna okude, izinhlobo zezitshalo ezifana ne-'Sugar Snap' noma i-'Green Arrow' ziyizinketho ezinhle kakhulu.

Ubhontshisi oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okhanyayo olenga ezivinini eziluhlaza engadini, unamazolo emabhodweni kanye nebhasikidi likabhontshisi osanda kukhiwa lifiphele ngemuva. Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.

Izikhathi Ezifanele Zokutshala Ubhontshisi

Uphizi yizitshalo zesizini epholile ezikhula kahle emazingeni okushisa aphakathi kuka-55°F no-65°F. Ukubeka isikhathi sokutshala kwakho ngendlela efanele kubalulekile ukuze uthole isivuno esiphumelelayo, njengoba uphizi uzoyeka ukukhiqiza uma amazinga okushisa enyuka njalo ngaphezu kuka-80°F.

Ukutshala Kwentwasahlobo

Isisho sendabuko esithi "Tshala uphizi ngosuku lukaSt. Patrick" (Mashi 17) sisebenza kahle ezindaweni eziningi. Ekutshaleni kwentwasahlobo:

• Hlwanyela imbewu amasonto angu-4-6 ngaphambi kosuku lwakho lokugcina lwesithwathwa sasentwasahlobo
• Tshala ngokushesha nje lapho inhlabathi ingasebenza, noma ngabe iqhwa lisengenzeka
• Ubhontshisi ungamila enhlabathini epholile njengo-40°F, yize uzophuza ukuqala
• Ezindaweni ezifudumele (Izindawo 8-10), tshala ngoJanuwari noma uFebhuwari

Ukutshala Ekwindla

Ezindaweni eziningi, isivuno se-peas sasekwindla singaba yimpumelelo enkulu kunokutshala entwasahlobo:

• Hlwanyela imbewu amasonto angu-6-8 ngaphambi kosuku lwakho lokuqala lwesithwathwa sasekwindla
• Ezimweni ezifudumele (Izindawo 8-10), tshala ngoSepthemba noma ngo-Okthoba ukuze uthole isivuno sasebusika.
• Ukutshala ekwindla kuvame ukukhiqiza ubhontshisi omnandi ngenxa yokushisa okupholile

Izandla zitshala imbewu ye-pea enhlabathini ecebile eceleni kwezitshalo ze-pea ezincane engadini efudumele, ekhanyiswe yilanga. Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.

Isinyathelo Ngesinyathelo Imiyalelo yokutshala

Amasu okutshala afanele abeka isisekelo sezitshalo zama-pea ezinempilo nezikhiqizayo. Landela lezi zinyathelo ukuze uthole imiphumela emihle kakhulu:

Ukulungiswa Kwenhlabathi

Uphizi ukhula kahle enhlabathini ekhipha amanzi kahle ene-pH ephakathi kuka-6.0 no-7.5. Awudingi inhlabathi ecebile kakhulu, njengoba ungalungisa i-nitrogen yawo.

• Khulula inhlabathi ibe yi-8-10 inches ejulile
• Hlanganisa amasentimitha angu-1-2 omquba noma umquba osukhulile
• Gwema umanyolo one-nitrogen eningi, okhuthaza ukukhula kwamaqabunga ngaphezu kokukhiqizwa kwama-pod
• Uma ufuna inhlabathi enobumba obunzima, engeza isihlabathi esiqinile ukuze uthuthukise ukugeleza kwamanzi
• Cabanga ukulungiselela indawo yakho yokutshala ekwindla ukuze utshale ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo

Umhlahlandlela wesithombe wesinyathelo ngesinyathelo okhombisa indlela yokutshala uphizi, kusukela ekucwiliseni imbewu nokulungisa inhlabathi kuya ekuniseleni, ukwengeza ukwesekwa, kanye nokuvuna ama-pea pods. Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.

Ukulungiselela Imbewu

Ukulungiselela okuncane ngaphambi kokutshala kungathuthukisa kakhulu amazinga okuhluma:

• Cwilisa imbewu emanzini amahora angu-12-24 ngaphambi kokutshala ukuze kusheshiswe ukuhluma
• Ukuze kuhlume kangcono enhlabathini ebandayo, sebenzisa imbewu ephathwe nge-fungicide noma ngaphambi kokuhluma endlini
• Phatha imbewu ngokucophelela - imbewu eqhekekile ingase ingamili kahle
• Cabanga ngokugoma imbewu ngebhaktheriya le-rhizobium (elitholakala ezikhungweni zengadi) ukuze uthuthukise ukufakwa kwe-nitrogen

Imbewu yephizi ecwiliswa emanzini esitsheni sengilazi esicacile endaweni yokhuni yasemaphandleni, elungiselelwe ukutshalwa. Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.

Ukujula Nokusabalala Kwezitshalo

Isikhala esifanele siqinisekisa ukugeleza komoya okuhle futhi sisebenzisa kahle isikhala sakho sengadi:

• Tshala imbewu ngokujula okungu-1 intshi (ijule kancane enhlabathini eyomile)
• Imbewu ihlukaniswe ngamasentimitha angu-2 ngemigqa
• Ngezinhlobo zokutshala izivini, dala imigqa eqhelelene ngamasentimitha angu-7-8
• Ngezinhlobo zezihlahla, tshala ngamabhulokhi anembewu eqhelelene ngamasentimitha angu-3 kuzo zonke izinhlangothi
• Ukuze utshale imigqa ebanzi, sakaza imbewu cishe ngamasentimitha angu-2 ububanzi ngebhande elingamasentimitha angu-12-18 ububanzi

Umdwebo odwetshiwe obonisa isikhala esifanele sama-bush peas, ama-semi-dwarf peas, kanye nama-high climbing peas amade ngezilinganiso kanye namabanga emigqeni. Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.

Ukuhlela izindonga ngesikhathi sokutshala

Faka izisekelo ngesikhathi sokutshala ukuze ugweme ukuphazamisa izimpande kamuva:

• Ngezinhlobo zokutshala (ezingaphezu kwamamitha amathathu ubude), faka izinti ze-trellis, inethi, noma izinti ze-pea ngaphambi noma ngesikhathi sokutshala.
• Ezinhlotsheni zezihlahla ezingaphansi kwamamitha amabili, izisekelo zingakhethwa kodwa ziyasiza
• Beka imbewu phansi kwezisekelo, uvumele imivini ukuthi ikhule ngokwemvelo
• Ama-trellises kufanele abe okungenani amamitha angu-6 ubude ukuze atshale izinhlobo eziqinile zezitshalo.

Icebiso Lomlimi: Qiniseka ukuthi unisela imbewu kancane ngemva kokutshala. Uma imbewu ihlanza inhlabathi, yifake ngokucophelela. Gcina inhlabathi imanzi njalo kuze kube yilapho ihluma, okuvame ukuthatha izinsuku ezingu-7-14 kuye ngokuthi izinga lokushisa lenhlabathi linjani.

Izidingo Zokunakekelwa Kokukhulisa Ubhontshisi

Uma uphizi wakho usuhlumile, udinga ukunakekelwa okufanele ukuze uchume futhi ukhiqize isivuno esikhulu. Nansi indlela yokugcina izitshalo zakho zophizi ziphilile futhi zikhiqiza:

Izitshalo ze-pea eziluhlaza ezinempilo zikhuphuka esihlahleni esinotshani, esinama-pods agcwele, izimbali ezimhlophe, kanye nenhlabathi embozwe nge-mulch engadini enakekelwe kahle. Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.

Izidingo Zokunisela

Ubhontshisi udinga umswakama oqhubekayo kodwa hhayi izimo zamanzi amaningi:

• Nisela ngokujulile kanye ngesonto, unikeze cishe isentimitha elilodwa lamanzi
• Khulisa ukuchelela ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwezimbali kanye nokukhula kwe-pod
• Nisela phansi kwezitshalo ukugcina amahlamvu omile futhi uvimbele izifo
• Nciphisa ukuchelela ngezikhathi zemvula ukuvimbela ukubola kwezimpande
• Faka i-mulch ukuze ugcine umswakama wenhlabathi futhi ucindezele ukhula

Izakhiwo Zokusekela

Ukusekelwa okufanele kugcina izitshalo ziphilile futhi kwenza ukuvuna kube lula:

• Izinhlobo zezitshalo ezikhula emivinini zidinga ama-trellises aqinile okungenani amamitha ayi-6 ubude
• Ucingo lwenkukhu, inethi, noma intambo phakathi kwezinsika kusebenza kahle
• Engeza izintambo ezivundlile njalo ngamasentimitha angu-6-8 ukuze uthole ukwesekwa kokukhuphuka
• Izinhlobo zezihlahla zizuza ngokusekelwa okuncane noma amagatsha anamagatsha
• Qondisa imivini emincane ezisekelweni uma ingazitholi ngokwemvelo

Isithombe sendawo esibonisa izinhlelo eziningana ezahlukene ze-pea trellis ezenziwe ngoqalo, i-wire mesh, ukhuni, kanye nentambo, ezisekela izitshalo ze-pea eziluhlaza ezinempilo engadini. Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.

Izidingo Zokukhanya kwelanga

Uphizi ukhula kahle kakhulu uma kunelanga elanele, ikakhulukazi uma isimo sezulu sipholile:

• Tshala elangeni eligcwele (amahora angu-6-8 ngosuku) ukuze uthole umkhiqizo omuhle kakhulu
• Ezimweni ezishisayo kakhulu, umthunzi wantambama ungavimbela ukucindezeleka kokushisa
• Qinisekisa ukuthi zonke izingxenye zesitshalo zithola ukukhanya ukuze zikhule ngokulinganayo
• Gwema ukutshala eduze kwezitshalo ezinde ezingase zifake ubhontshisi umthunzi

Ukuvundisa

Ubhontshisi udinga umanyolo omncane kunemifino eminingi ngoba ulungisa i-nitrogen yawo:

• Faka umanyolo one-nitrogen ephansi, ocebile nge-phosphorus ngesikhathi sokutshala
• Faka umquba eceleni lapho izitshalo ziqala ukuqhakaza
• Gwema umanyolo one-nitrogen eningi, okhuthaza ukukhula kwamaqabunga phezu kwama-pod
• Cabanga ngokungeza ukudla kwamathambo ukuze unikeze i-phosphorus ukuze kukhule izimpande

Izinto Ezibalulekile Zokukhulisa Ama-Pea

Qiniseka ukuthi unalezi zinto ezitholakalayo ukuze ukhule kahle ubhontshisi:

• I-trellis eqinile noma uhlelo lokusekela
• I-mulch yemvelo (utshani noma amaqabunga aqoshiwe)
• Umanyolo noma umquba ongenanitrojeni eningi
• Intambo yengadi yokuvikela imivini
• Izikele ezibukhali noma izikere zokusika ukuze kuvunwe

Izinambuzane Ezivamile Nezifo

Nakuba uphizi ungenazo izinkinga eziningi, ungabhekana nezinselele eziningana. Nansi indlela yokubona nokuphatha izinkinga ezivamile ngendlela yemvelo:

Izinambuzane

Izintwala

Lezi zinambuzane ezincane zihlangana zikhule kabusha futhi zimunce ujusi wezitshalo.

Ukulawulwa Kwezinto Eziphilayo:

• Fafaza izitshalo ngamanzi anamandla ukuze ukhiphe izintwala
• Faka insipho yokubulala izinambuzane noma isixazululo samafutha e-neem
• Ngenisa izinambuzane ezizuzisayo njengezinambuzane zabesifazane
• Izitshalo ezihambisana nezitshalo ezifana ne-nasturtiums ukuze zidonse ama-aphid kude nobhontshisi

Ama-Pea Moths

Lezi zinambuzane zibekela amaqanda ezimbalini, kanti izibungu zidla uphizi okhulayo ngaphakathi kwama-pod.

Ukulawulwa Kwezinto Eziphilayo:

• Mboza izitshalo ngezimbozo zemigqa ezintantayo ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwezimbali
• Ukutshala isikhathi ukuze ugweme umsebenzi we-peak moth
• Susa ama-pod athintekile ngokushesha
• Faka i-organic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) uma kunesifo esibi kakhulu

Izikelemu

Lezi zibungu zisika izithombo ezincane ezingeni lomhlabathi.

Ukulawulwa Kwezinto Eziphilayo:

• Beka amakhola ekhadibhodi azungeze izithombo
• Fafaza umhlaba we-diatomaceous uzungeze izitshalo
• Ukukha izikelemu ngesandla ebusuku ngethoshi
• Gcina ingadi ingenazo imfucumfucu lapho izikelemu zicasha khona

Ama-slugs kanye Neminenke

Lezi zinambuzane zihlafuna izimbobo ezingajwayelekile emaqabungeni nasemabhodweni, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezimanzi.

Ukulawulwa Kwezinto Eziphilayo:

• Beka izithiyo zobhiya eduze kwezitshalo
• Faka umhlabathi we-diatomaceous ezungeze izitshalo
• Khetha ngesandla emahoreni kusihlwa
• Sebenzisa izithiyo zetheyiphu yethusi nxazonke kwemibhede

Izifo

I-Powdery Mildew

Lesi sifo se-fungus sibonakala njengamabala amhlophe ayimpuphu emaqabunga naseziqwini.

Ukulawulwa Kwezinto Eziphilayo:

• Qinisekisa ukuthi umoya uhamba kahle phakathi kwezitshalo
• Gwema ukuchelela phezulu
• Faka ubisi olufuthayo (ingxenye eyodwa yobisi ezingxeni ezingu-9 zamanzi)
• Sebenzisa i-baking soda spray (1 tsp baking soda, 1 tsp insipho ewuketshezi, 1 litre yamanzi)

Ukubola kwezimpande

Kubangelwa yizikhunta ezahlukahlukene ezimweni ezimanzi, okubangela ukuba izitshalo zibune futhi zife.

Ukulawulwa Kwezinto Eziphilayo:

• Thuthukisa ukugeleza kwamanzi enhlabathini ngaphambi kokutshala
• Gwema ukunisela ngokweqile
• Tshala emibhedeni ephakanyisiwe ezindaweni ezimanzi
• Prakthiza ukushintshanisa izitshalo (ungatshali uphizi endaweni efanayo iminyaka emi-4)

Ukuvimbela Kubalulekile: Izinkinga eziningi zama-pea zingavinjelwa ngokubeka isikhala esifanele ukuze kuzungezwe umoya omuhle, kugwenywe ukuchelela ngaphezulu, kusetshenziswe ukujikeleziswa kwezitshalo, futhi kugcinwe ingadi ihlanzekile ingenazo izinsalela. Khetha izinhlobo ezimelana nezifo uma kungenzeka.

I-infographic yezemfundo ebonisa izinkinga ezivamile zezitshalo zama-pea ezifana ne-powdery mildew, ama-aphid, ukubola kwezimpande, izibungu zama-pea moth, kanye nomonakalo wezinyoni, kanye nezixazululo zengadi eziphilayo ezifana namafutha e-neem, insipho yokubulala izinambuzane, izembozo zemigqa, kanye nenethi yengadi. Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.

Amasu Okuvuna kanye Nesikhathi

Ukwazi ukuthi uzovuna nini futhi kanjani uphizi wakho kuqinisekisa ukunambitheka okuhle kakhulu kanye nokukhiqizwa okuqhubekayo. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zophizi zinezinkomba ezahlukene zokuvuna:

Ukusondelana kwezandla kuvuna ngokucophelela uphizi oluhlaza ovuthiwe emivinini yamaphizi enempilo engadini. Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.

Isikhathi Sokuvuna

Isu Lokuvuna

Indlela efanele yokuvuna ivimbela ukulimala kwezitshalo futhi ikhuthaza ukukhiqizwa okuqhubekayo:

• Sebenzisa izandla ezimbili - bamba umvini ngesandla esisodwa bese ukha ngesinye
• Vuna ekuseni lapho uphizi usuqine kakhulu
• Sebenzisa izikele noma izihliki ukuze uhlanze izingcezu kunokuba udonse ama-pod
• Hlola izitshalo njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-1-2 ngesikhathi sesizini esimatasa kakhulu
• Khetha njalo ukuze ukhuthaze ama-pod amaningi ukuthi akhule

Imigqa ye-pea eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nephuzi, eminye ivuliwe ukuze iveze u-pea omusha, ihlelwe phezu kokhuni oluluhlaza olunamaqabunga nezimbali. Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.

Ukuvuna Amahlumela E-Pea

Ungakhohlwa ngamahlumela e-pea athambile, anezela kamnandi kumasaladi nama-stir-fries:

• Ukuvuna kuhluma lapho izitshalo ziphakeme ngamasentimitha angu-6-8
• Sika amasentimitha angu-2-3 aphezulu okukhula, ushiye amasethi amaningana amaqabunga
• Izitshalo zizoqhubeka nokukhula nokukhiqiza ngemva kokuvunwa kwehlumela
• Ukuze kukhiqizwe amahlumela kabhontshisi akhethekile, tshala imbewu eduze

Izindlela Zokugcina Nokulondoloza

Uphizi omusha umnandi kakhulu ngokushesha ngemva kokuvunwa, kodwa ukugcinwa nokulondolozwa okufanele kungakusiza ukuthi ujabulele isivuno sakho isikhathi eside:

Isitoreji Esisha

Ukugcina ubhontshisi omusha isikhathi esifushane:

• Faka ubhontshisi ongagezwanga efrijini ezikhwameni zepulasitiki ezinezimbobo
• Uma uqoba ubhontshisi, qoba ngokushesha ngemva kokupholisa ukuze uthole ukunambitheka okuhle kakhulu
• Gcina edroweni elicwebezelayo esiqandisini izinsuku ezingu-5-7
• Gcina iqhwa bese usika uphizi uphelele kuze kube yilapho usulungele ukusetshenziswa

Isithombe esinesinqumo esiphezulu esibonisa uphizi omusha ogcinwe ezitsheni, izikhwama ezivalwe nge-vacuum, izitsha zepulasitiki, kanye nezitsha etafuleni lokhuni lasemaphandleni. Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.

Ukubanda

Ukuqandisa kugcina ukunambitheka kanye nokudla okunempilo kwama-peas izinyanga:

• Ama-peas engadini aqoshwe ngamagobolondo; iziphetho zokusika kanye nezintambo ezivela eqhweni kanye no-peas oqoshiwe
• Hlanza ngamanzi abilayo (imizuzu eyi-1-2 yama-peas aqotshiwe, imizuzu eyi-2-3 yama-peas aqotshiwe/aqoshiwe)
• Pholisa ngokushesha emanzini eqhwa ukuze uyeke ukupheka
• Khipha amanzi kahle bese womisa
• Faka ezikhwameni zefriji noma ezitsheni, ususe umoya omningi ngangokunokwenzeka
• Lebula ngedethi kanye nokusetshenziswa zingakapheli izinyanga ezingu-8-12

Ukomisa

Ukomisa uphizi kuvumela ukugcinwa isikhathi eside:

• Vumela ama-pod ukuthi avuthwe ngokugcwele bese uqala ukoma emvinini
• Vuna lapho ama-pod ephenduka onsundu futhi imbewu iqhuma ngaphakathi
• Susa uphizi ezimbotsheni bese womisa ngaphakathi endlini uma kudingeka
• Gcina uphizi omiswe ngokuphelele ezitsheni ezingangeni moya
• Sebenzisa kumasobho nasezitshulwini zingakapheli iminyaka eyi-1-2

Icebiso Lomlimi: Ukuze uthole ukunambitheka okuhle kakhulu, dla uphizi omusha ngokushesha okukhulu ngemva kokuvuna. Ushukela wemvelo kuphizi uqala ukuphenduka isitashi emahoreni ambalwa ngemva kokuqoqwa, kancane kancane unciphise ubumnandi bawo.

Amabhodlela engilazi agcwele uphizi owomile phezu kokhuni, ahlelwe ukugcina ukudla isikhathi eside ngezinto zasekhishini zasemaphandleni. Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.

Ukuxazulula Izinkinga Ezivamile Ezikhulayo

Ngisho nabalimi abanolwazi ngezinye izikhathi bahlangabezana nezinselele lapho betshala uphizi. Nazi izixazululo zezinkinga ezivamile:

Ukuhluma Okubi

Izimpawu: Imbewu ayihlumi noma ayihlumi ngokungalingani.

Izimbangela: Inhlabathi ebandayo, imbewu endala, ukutshala kujule kakhulu, inhlabathi emanzi kakhulu noma eyomile kakhulu.

Izixazululo:

• Cwilisa imbewu ubusuku bonke ngaphambi kokutshala
• Qinisekisa ukuthi izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi lingama-40°F okungenani
• Tshala ekujuleni okufanele (intshi eli-1)
• Gcina inhlabathi imanzi njalo kodwa ingagcwali amanzi
• Sebenzisa imbewu entsha evela emithonjeni ethembekile

Amaqabunga Aphuzi

Izimpawu: Amaqabunga aphenduka aphuzi, ngokuvamile aqala phansi.

Izimbangela: Ukucindezeleka kokushisa, ukuntuleka kwezakhamzimba, ukunisela ngokweqile, izinkinga zezimpande.

Izixazululo:

• Nikeza umthunzi ntambama uma kushisa
• Qinisekisa ukuthi amanzi ahlanzekile ahlanzekile
• Faka umanyolo ophilayo olinganiselayo
• Hlola izifo zezimpande kanye nezinambuzane
• Ukufaka i-mulch ukulawula izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi kanye nomswakama

Izimbali Kodwa Azikho Ama-Pod

Izimpawu: Izitshalo ziyaqhakaza kodwa azibeki ama-pod, noma izimbali ziwe.

Izimbangela: Ukucindezeleka kokushisa, ukungondleki kahle kwempova, i-nitrogen eningi kakhulu.

Izixazululo:

• Tshala kusenesikhathi ukuze ugweme ukushisa ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwezimbali
• Gwema umanyolo one-nitrogen eningi
• Qinisekisa ukuthi amanzi anele ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza
• Nikeza umthunzi ngesikhathi sokushisa okukhulu
• Zama ukuthulula impova ngesandla ngokushukumisa izitshalo kancane

Ukukhula Okungazinzile

Izimpawu: Izitshalo zihlala zincane zinezingqimba ezimfushane.

Izimbangela: Inhlabathi ecinene, ukudla okungondlekile, izinkinga zezimpande, izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane.

Izixazululo:

• Thuthukisa isakhiwo senhlabathi ngomquba
• Qinisekisa ukuthi izitshalo zihlukaniswe kahle
• Hlola futhi welaphe izifo zezimpande
• Susa izitshalo ezithinteke kakhulu ukuze uvimbele ukusabalala kwamagciwane
• Zijwayeze ukushintshanisa izitshalo ngezikhathi ezizayo

Impumelelo Yokukhulisa Ubhontshisi Ovamile

• Ukutshala kusenesikhathi esimweni sezulu esipholile kuholela ekuhlumeni okunamandla
• Ukugoba kahle kuphumela ekuvuneni okulula kanye nokuvimbela izifo
• Ukuvuna njalo kukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa okuqhubekayo
• Ukufaka i-mulching kunciphisa izidingo zokunisela futhi kuvimbela izifo ezithwalwa yinhlabathi
• Ukutshala ndawonye ngamakhambi kunciphisa izinkinga zezinambuzane

Amaphutha Avamile Okukhulisa Ubhontshisi

• Ukutshala sekwephuzile entwasahlobo lapho amazinga okushisa ekhuphuka
• Izitshalo ezigcwele ngokweqile, kunciphisa ukujikeleza komoya
• Ukusebenzisa umanyolo one-nitrogen eningi okhuthaza ukukhula kwamaqabunga phezu kwama-pod
• Ukulinda isikhathi eside kakhulu ukuvuna, okuholela kubhontshisi oqinile, onesitashi
• Ukusekelwa okunganele kwezinhlobo zezitshalo ezivundile

I-infographic ekhombisa izinkinga ezivamile zokukhula kwezitshalo zama-pea ezifana ne-powdery mildew, ama-aphid, amaqabunga aphuzi, izibungu zama-pea moth, ukubola kwezimpande, amabala amaqabunga, ukukhula okungekuhle kwe-pod, kanye nomonakalo wezinyoni, enezithombe nezixazululo ezisebenzayo. Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.

Isiphetho: Ukujabulela Isivuno Sakho Se-Pea

Ukutshala uphizi kuyinto evuzayo ekuxhumanisa nezizukulwane zabalimi abajabulele lesi siko sasentwasahlobo. Ngomjikelezo wabo wokukhula okusheshayo kanye nesivuno esimnandi, uphizi unikeza abalimi abaqalayo kanye nabanolwazi isivuno esanelisayo esibonisa ukuqala kwesizini yokukhula.

Khumbula ukuthi isikhathi sibalulekile ngama-peas - tshala kusenesikhathi, uvune ngokushesha, futhi uwajabulele lapho esanda kuqhakaza. Ngokulandela iziqondiso ezikulesi sihloko, uzobe usendleleni eya ekutshaleni ama-peas amnandi, acwebezelayo adlula kude noma yini etholakala ezitolo.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi udla ama-sugar snaps ngqo kusuka emvinini, ufaka uphizi weqhwa ebhodweni elithosiwe, noma ujabulela ubumnandi obungenakuqhathaniswa bophizi wengadi osanda kugoqwa, imizamo yakho izovuzwa ngokunye kokudla okumnandi kakhulu kokutshala ingadi.

Ama-peas aluhlaza asanda kuvunwa kanye nama-peas pods abekwa etafuleni lokhuni lasemaphandleni elinamathuluzi engadini kanye nezitsha ekukhanyeni kwemvelo. Chofoza noma uthephe isithombe ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.

Ukufunda Okuqhubekayo

Uma ukujabulele lokhu okuthunyelwe, ungaphinda uthande lezi ziphakamiso:

• Ukukhulisa Ama-Blueberries: Umhlahlandlela Wempumelelo Emnandi Engadini Yakho
• Umhlahlandlela Ophelele Wokukhulisa I-Cauliflower Engadini Yakho Yasekhaya
• Ukutshala ama-raspberries: Umhlahlandlela Wamajikijolo Asekhaya Amanzi Amanzi