Ama-Hops e-Beer Brewing: Yeoman

Isithombe esinemininingwane samakhoni e-hop namaqabunga aluhlaza akhula ku-trellis yokhuni ngaphansi kokukhanya kwelanga elifudumele, elinamagquma ngemuva. Ulwazi olwengeziwe

Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Yeoman hop ziphawuleka ngokugqama kwayo okusawolintshi ngaphezu komhlaba wakudala wesiNgisi. Iwusizo kukho kokubili ukwelashwa kokuqala kokubaba kanye nakamuva kwephunga. Abadidiyeli botshwala basebenzise i-Yeoman kumaresiphi amaningi omlando, ngokuvamile enza ingxenye ebalulekile yomthethosivivinywa we-hop. Nakuba ukuphuza kwe-Yeoman manje sekuwumkhuba ongokomlando, ithonya lako lihlala enzalweni nasezinhlelweni zokuzalanisa ama-hop.

Okuthathwayo Okubalulekile

• I-Yeoman hops, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Wye Yeoman, yadabuka e-Wye College e-Great Britain ngeminyaka yawo-1970.
• Lolu hlobo lwe-Yeoman hop lwalunezinjongo ezimbili ezinama-alpha acid aphakathi nendawo azungeze u-8% kanye nephunga elimnandi le-citrus.
• Ngokomlando esetshenziswa kuzo zonke izindlela zokupheka, u-Yeoman wayevame ukwenza ingxenye enkulu yezikweletu ze-hop kuma-brews aqoshiwe.
• Ukuphisa kwe-Yeoman manje sekungokomlando; izinhlobonhlobo ziyekwa kodwa zibalulekile ekuzaleni kozalo.
• Imithombo ebhala nge-Yeoman ihlanganisa i-BeerLegends, i-GreatLakesHops, i-Willingham Nurseries, kanye nedatha ye-USDA hop.

Isingeniso Se-Yeoman Hops Nendima Yabo Yokwenza Ubhiya

Yathuthukiswa e-Wye College eNgilandi ngeminyaka yawo-1970, i-Yeoman yayiyingxenye yomkhankaso wokwandisa izinhlobo ze-hop zaseBrithani. Igqame ngokuqukethwe kwayo kwe-alpha acid ephezulu, okuyenza ilungele kokubili izinjongo ezibabayo nephunga. Lesi sici esiyingqayizivele senza kwaba intandokazi phakathi kwabaphisi botshwala.

I-Yeoman yayibonwa njenge-hop eguquguqukayo, elungele ukungezwa kwamathumba okuqala kanye nesiteji sekwephuzile noma ukugxuma okomile. Amaresiphi angokomlando ayevame ukugqamisa indima yawo ebalulekile, ebonisa ukubaluleka kwawo ekukhiqizeni utshwala.

Ukuvunwa kwe-English hop ngokuvamile kwenzeka kusukela ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba kuya ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba, kuhambisana nohlelo olujwayelekile lwase-UK. Yize i-Yeoman ingasatholakali kwezentengiso, umlando wayo e-Wye College kanye nephrofayili yayo isabalulekile kulabo abathanda ama-hops endabuko aseBrithani.

Amanothi okuphuza afakwe kungobo yomlando agcizelela ukuguquguquka kwe-Yeoman. Yayisetshenziselwa ukubaba okuqinile bese isetshenziselwa ukwengeza iphunga elimnandi ngezigaba zakamuva. Lokhu kusebenzelana kwezinto ezihlukahlukene kuthethelele ukuhlukaniswa kwakho ngezinjongo ezimbili kumaresiphi amaningi.

I-Yeoman hops: I-Flavour ne-Aroma Profile

Iphrofayili ye-Yeoman flavour ichazwa iphunga le-English hop elihlukile, elihambisana namanothi e-citrus amnandi. Ama-malt-forward ales azuza kunothi eliphezulu elinezinongo kancane. Lokhu kulinganisa amathoni athambile ezimbali nohlamvu olusha lwe-citrus hops.

Ukuhlaziya uwoyela kwembula ubunkimbinkimbi bephunga. Isamba samafutha sisukela ku-1.7 kuya ku-2.4 mL nge-100 g, isilinganiso esingu-2.1 mL. I-Myrcene, ku-47-49%, iyabusa, inikela nge-resinous, fruity, ne-citrus okuvelayo. I-Humulene, ku-19-21%, ingeza izinongo ezinokhuni nezihloniphekile. I-Caryophyllene, ku-9-10%, inikela nge-peppery, ukujula kwe-herbal.

Izingxenye ezincane zengeza i-nuance. I-Farnesene incane, isilinganiso esingu-0.5%. Landela izinhlanganisela ezifana ne-β-pinene, linalool, i-geraniol, ne-selenene akha u-19–25%. Zithuthukisa izici zezimbali nezithelo kuphunga le-Yeoman.

Ekunambithani okusebenzayo, iphrofayili ye-Yeoman flavour inikezela ngokubaba okumnandi okugqamile okugqamile kwe-citrus hops. Abadayisi abafuna iphunga elimnandi le-English hop elinolamula noma owolintshi bathola i-Yeoman iwusizo. Ilungele ukungezwa kwephunga nokusetshenziswa kweketela sekwephuzile.

Amacala okusetshenziswa kwawo ahlanganisa ama-alles aphaphathekile esitayela sesiNgisi nama-bitters. Lapha, i-hop kufanele ikhulume ngaphandle kokubusa umzimba we-malt. Isici se-citrus hops sihambisana kahle ne-caramel malts kanye ne-yeast ester evinjelwe yobhiya olinganiselayo, onephunga elimnandi.

Isithombe esikhulu sekhoni ye-hop esanda kuvunwa, izikali zayo ezisagolide-eziluhlaza ezibenyezela ngaphansi kokukhanya kwemvelo okufudumele endaweni esemhlabeni. Ulwazi olwengeziwe

Amanani Okuphisa kanye Nokwakheka Kwamakhemikhali kwe-Yeoman

Ama-Yeoman alpha acids abikwe ebangeni elimaphakathi kuya phezulu. Amarekhodi okuqala akhombisa ama-alpha acid asukela ku-12-16%, isilinganiso esingaba ngu-14%. Kodwa-ke, amanye amasethi edatha aphakamisa ububanzi obubanzi, kuze kufike ku-6.7% kwezinye izimo. Abakhi botshwala kufanele baqaphele ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo lapho besebenzisa ukuhlaziya okungokomlando ukuze benze.

Ama-Beta acids ngokuvamile atholakala eduze kuka-4-5%, isilinganiso esingu-4.5%. Lokhu kudala isilinganiso se-alpha-beta sika-2:1 kuye ku-4:1, ngesilinganiso esingu-3:1. Lesi silinganiso sithinta ukusebenza kahle okubabayo kanye nokuzinza kweminyaka kabhiya.

I-Co-humulone Yeoman yenza cishe ingxenye yesine yengqikithi yama-alpha acid. Ngokuvamile cishe ku-25% wengxenyana ye-alpha. Le ngxenye ithonya ikhwalithi ecatshangelwayo yokubaba, isiza ekukhethweni kwe-hop kumaresiphi ahloselwe izinga elithile lokubaba.

Isamba samafutha e-Yeoman amaphakathi, uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlobonhlobo ezigxile ephunga elimnandi. Amanani asukela ku-1.7 kuya ku-2.4 mL nge-100 g, isilinganiso esingaba ngu-2.1 mL/100 g. Okuqukethwe kukawoyela kuthinta kokubili umnikelo onephunga elimnandi kanye nokuguquguquka ngesikhathi sokubila nokugxuma okomile.

• Ukuqhekeka kwamafutha okujwayelekile: i-myrcene cishe i-48% yamafutha esewonke, i-humulene ecishe ibe ngu-20%, i-caryophyllene cishe i-9.5%, i-farnesene cishe i-0.5%, namanye amafutha akha u-19-25% osele.
• Ukwehluka phakathi kwedathasethi kuvela onyakeni wokuvuna, indawo ekhulayo, kanye nendlela yokuhlaziya.

Ukuze uhlele iresiphi, sebenzisa izibalo ze-Yeoman chemical composition njengesisekelo. Lungisa izinombolo zelebhu ezilinganisiwe uma zitholakala. Le ndlela isiza ukuqondanisa amayunithi okubaba alindelekile kanye nephrofayili yephunga elimnandi, ukubala ukuhlukahluka kweqoqo kuya kwenqwaba.

I-Yeoman Hops in Bittering and Aroma Use

Abadidiyeli botshwala bazisa kakhulu i-Yeoman ngokusetshenziswa kwayo okunezinjongo ezimbili. Ama-alpha acid ayo aphezulu akwenza kube ukukhetha okuphezulu kokubaba, okwengezwe ekuqaleni kwamathumba. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukubaba okuhlanzekile, okuqinile kubhiya.

Izibalo zamaresiphi zibonisa ukuguquguquka kwe-Yeoman. Isetshenziswa kabanzi kuzo zonke izengezo ezahlukahlukene ze-hop. Ngokuvamile, yenza cishe amaphesenti angamashumi amathathu nesishiyagalombili esisindo se-hop esiphelele ekuphekeni.

Uma engezwa sekwephuzile noma ngesikhathi sokuvutshelwa, amafutha e-Yeoman hop embula i-citrus epholile kanye nezinhlamvu ze-English herbal. Lokhu kuthuthukisa iphunga likabhiya.

• Amathumba angaphambi kwesikhathi: Ukubaba okuthembekile kwe-Yeoman okunikeza ubumunyu obuhlanzekile, obuqinile.
• Ukubilisa sekwephuzile noma i-whirlpool: ukusetshenziswa kwephunga elimnandi le-Yeoman nokugqamisa okusawolintshi.
• Izengezo ze-dry hop noma fermenter: amafutha avezayo ahambisana ne-malt-forward ales.

Abadayisi abasebenzayo bahlanganisa i-Yeoman ibe yizindlela zokupheka ukuze balinganisele umgogodla nephunga. Ukuyisebenzisela kokubili okubabayo nokuqeda kudala ukuhlangana phakathi kokushaja okubabayo nephunga lokugcina.

Njengenketho yokusetshenziswa kwe-hop enezinjongo ezimbili, i-Yeoman ifanela ama-ales esiNgisi nama-hybrids esimanje. Iphrofayili yayo igcina umlingiswa wendabuko ngenkathi yengeza i-citrus lift efihlekile ngezitayela zamanje.

Izandla zomshini wokuphisa utshwala ezikhama amahops e-Yeoman asanda kuvunwa, adedele uwoyela wawo phezu kwendawo yokhuni ekhazimulayo ngaphansi kokukhanya kwemvelo okufudumele. Ulwazi olwengeziwe

Izitayela zikabhiya ezifanelana ne-Yeoman Hops

I-Yeoman icwebezela ngama-ales angokwesiko aseBrithani, lapho kufunwa khona uhlamvu lwesiNgisi oluhlukile. Ivamise ukukhethwa ngenxa ye-citrus emnene, izinongo ezilula, nomgogodla obabayo ohlanzekile. Lezi zici zihambisana kahle namaresiphi e-malt-forward.

Idatha yeresiphi yembula ukusebenzisana kwe-Yeoman kuzo zonke izitayela zakudala. Isetshenziswa kuma-ales akhanyayo, ama-bitters amahle kakhulu, nama-milds. Lokhu kusiza ukuthuthukisa izici ze-English hop ngaphandle kokusibekela i-malt noma imvubelo.

Kuma-lager, i-Yeoman yengeza inothi elinezithelo ezicashile lapho isetshenziswa kancane. Ilungele ama-lager asezwekazini noma esitayela saseBrithani. Inikeza iphunga elivinjiwe futhi igcina isiphetho esihlanzekile.

• Okubaba Kakhulu: ukubaba kwendabuko ngokuphakamisa okusawolintshi okuthambile
• I-Pale Ale: isekela ubunkimbinkimbi be-malt futhi yengeza amanothi aphezulu e-hop ahlelekile
• I-Mild & Brown Ale: ihlangana ibe nezindlela zokupheka ze-low-hop kuya ku-flavour eyindilinga
• I-Lagers (isitayela saseBrithani): imithamo emincane igcina ukucaca kwe-lager futhi yengeze uhlamvu olucashile

Amarekhodi omthamo wamaresiphi aziwayo angama-38 aphakamisa ukusetshenziswa okusesilinganisweni. Lokhu okokwengezwa sekwephuzile noma ukugxuma okomile ukuze uthole iphunga, kanye nezengezo zangaphambili zokubaba. Lokhu kuzivumelanisa nezimo kwenza i-Yeoman ibe yinketho ethembekile kuzo zonke izitayela ezahlukene zikabhiya.

Uma ubhalansisa isiphuzo, bhanqa i-Yeoman ne-East Kent Goldings noma i-Fuggles ukuze uthole iphrofayela yakudala. Linga nge-single-hop pale ukuze uhlole ubuntu bayo be-English obufakwe njenge-citrus. Bese, ihlanganise ibe nezindlela zokupheka eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Ama-Hop Substitutes kanye nokubhanqa kwe-Yeoman

Abaphisi botshwala abanolwazi bavame ukuphendukela ku-Target lapho bedinga ababambeli be-Yeoman. Ithagethi yabelana ngohlamvu oluqinile olubabayo kanye nomgogodla ohlanzekile we-citrus-resin. Ilingisa i-Yeoman ngezindlela eziningi zokupheka zesiNgisi zendabuko kanye ne-pale ale.

Uma izinketho ze-lupulin powder zidingeka, kukhona ukutholakala okulinganiselwe kwe-Yeoman kusuka kumaphrosesa amakhulu. I-Yakima Chief, i-Hopsteiner, ne-BarthHaas ayinikezi i-Cryo, LupuLN2, noma uhlobo lwe-Lupomax lwe-Yeoman. Amafomu ekhoni ephelele noma ama-pellet ahlala eyisinqumo esisebenzayo.

Idatha ye-Beer-Analytics namanothi kadokotela akhomba isethi encane yokushintshashintsha okuthembekile nokuxutshwa. Cabangela ukuhlanganisa i-Target ne-Challenger noma i-Northdown. Lokhu kuphindaphinda kokubili isisindo esibabayo kanye namanothi aphezulu anezimbali ezinomhlaba.

Ukumataniswa kwe-hop okuphakanyisiwe kwe-Yeoman kufaka phakathi i-Challenger yesakhiwo kanye ne-Northdown ukuze uthole ukwesekwa okunuka kamnandi. Lezi zingxube zisiza ukwakha iphrofayili eyindilinga lapho ukunikezwa kwe-Yeoman okuqondile kuncane.

Ubudlelwano bokuzalanisa bungaqondisa ukukhetha esikhundleni. Izinhlobonhlobo ezivela noma ezihlobene no-Yeoman, njenge-Pioneer ne-Super Pride, zinezici ezifanayo. Ama-brewers angakwazi ukuhlola lokhu ukuze bathole okufanayo.

Izindlela ezisebenzayo zokusebenzisa ama-hops afana ne-Yeoman zifaka izithasiselo zephunga elimangalisayo kanye nokuthinta ukugxuma sekwephuzile kakhulu. Lokhu kubuyisela ubuqili obulahlekile. Ukuze uthole izindima ezibabayo, fanisa okuqondiwe kwe-alpha-acid kunokuncika emagameni ezinhlobonhlobo kuphela.

Sebenzisa lolu hlaka ukuze uzame:

1. Qala nge-Target yokubaba.
2. Engeza i-Challenger ye-mid hop complexity.
3. Qedela nge-Northdown noma okuhlukile okuhlobene ukuze uphakamise iphunga.

Landelela imiphumela futhi ulungise ukunambitha.

Isigcawu esithokomele sebha yasekhaya esinengilazi kabhiya wenhlaka ezungezwe amakhoni e-Yeoman hop amasha, aneshelufu lezincwadi kanye nebhodi lokubhala elibonisa ukupheya kobhiya ngemuva. Ulwazi olwengeziwe

Imihlahlandlela Yesilinganiso Esisebenzayo ye-Yeoman kumaresiphi

Umthamo we-Yeoman ungahluka ngokuya ngenhloso ye-brew. Kungcono ukuphatha i-Yeoman njenge-hop enezinjongo ezimbaxambili kukho kokubili okubabayo kanye nesengezo sekwephuzile. Ama-alpha acid, asukela ku-6.7% kuya ku-16%, adlala indima ebalulekile ekubaleni ukubaba. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa inani elilinganiselwe le-alpha endaweni yakho ethile, kunenombolo ejwayelekile.

Uma unquma izilinganiso ze-Yeoman hop, cabangela ingxenye yayo phakathi kwesamba sebhili ye-hop. Amaresiphi ngokuvamile ahlanganisa i-Yeoman ukusuka ku-accent encane ukuya ekubeni yi-hop eyodwa. Ngokwesilinganiso, i-Yeoman yenza cishe u-38% wawo wonke ama-hops. Ukuze uthole ukunambitheka okugqamile kwesiNgisi noma okusawolintshi, khulisa isabelo sawo. Ngokuphambene, ukuze uthole ukwesekwa okucashile, kugcine kungaphansi kuka-10%.

• Ukubaba kwangaphambi kwesikhathi: sebenzisa i-Yeoman uma i-alpha iphezulu. Ukwengeza emaminithini angu-60-90 kuletha ukufutheka okuhlanzekile.
• Iphunga eliphuzile: sebenzisa i-Yeoman kumawolintshi namanothi ezimbali. Engeza emaminithini angu-5-15 noma ekukhanyeni ukuze uthole ukuphakamisa okukhanyayo.
• I-Dry hop: amanani aphakathi nendawo athuthukisa uhlamvu lwesiNgisi ngaphandle kokunamandla okweqile kwe-malt.

Ukuze unqume inani le-Yeoman elidingekayo, cabangela kokubili isisindo namaphesenti. Uma i-alpha iseduze no-12–16%, inketho enokwethenjelwa yokubaba, edinga isisindo esincane uma iqhathaniswa nenqwaba ye-alpha ephansi. Ku-alpha cishe ku-7-9%, khulisa amagremu noma ama-ounces ukuze uzuze i-IBU oyifunayo. Ukulungiswa kufanele futhi kwenziwe kumazinga e-co-humulone, athinta ukubaba okucatshangwayo.

Ukumisa imithetho yeresiphi elula kungenza kube lula ukwenza izinqumo. Ngamaqoqo angu-5-gallon, cabanga ngalawa maphuzu okuqala:

• I-ale ephaphathekile ebhalansisiwe: 25–35% we-hop bill njengo-Yeoman, ihlukaniswe phakathi kwemizuzu engama-60 kanye nokungezwa kwakamuva.
• IsiNgisi esibabayo noma esibabayo: 40–70% Yeoman, encike ekufakweni kokuqala ukuze uthole umgogodla kanye namahops aphuzile ukuze uthole iphunga.
• Umbukiso we-Single-hop: 100% u-Yeoman uyasebenza, kodwa usethe amanani aphuzile nawe-dry-hop aphansi uma i-alpha iphezulu.

Ukulandelela izilinganiso ze-Yeoman hop kuwo wonke amaqoqo kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni izinombolo zakho. Faka ama-alpha acid, amanani kawoyela, nokunambitheka okubonakalayo. Sebenzisa idatha yelebhu ekuvuneni ngakunye ukubala ama-IBU futhi unqume inani elinembile le-Yeoman elidingekayo kumaqoqo azayo.

I-Yeoman Ezinhlobonhlobo Zokukhiqiza Nezalo

E-Wye College, u-Yeoman wadlala indima ebalulekile njengomzali ozalanisayo. Izici zayo zasetshenziswa abalimi bezitshalo ukuze bakhe amahops amaningi okuhweba. Lo mzamo uholele ekulandeleleni imvelaphi ye-Pioneer hop emuva ku-Yeoman kumarekhodi amaningi okuzalanisa.

Ukuhlaziywa kofuzo kuqinisekisa ithonya lika-Yeoman ezinhlobonhlobo zakamuva. Lezi zifundo ziveza omaka abahlukene abaxhumanisa i-Yeoman ohlwini lozalo lwe-Super Pride hop kanye nezinye izimila zomlando. Abafuyi babeyazisa i-Yeoman ngokuzinza kwayo nephunga layo kanye nesivuno esingaguquki ekuhlanganiseni.

Imiphumela yalolu hlelo ihlanganisa i-Pioneer, Super Pride, kanye ne-Pride of Ringwood. I-Pioneer ithole ukuduma ezimakethe ezithumela ngaphandle. I-Super Pride yagcina ithathele indawo Ukuziqhenya kwe-Ringwood ezindaweni eziningi zokuphisa utshwala e-Australia ngenxa ye-agronomy yayo ephakeme nokungaguquguquki.

Nakuba i-Yeoman ingasasetshenziswa ekuzaleni, inzalo yayo isabalulekile ezinhlelweni zesimanje. Ifa layo lofuzo liyaqhubeka nokuba nomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwe-hop, liqondisa ukukhethwa kwabazali bephunga elisha nezici ezibabayo.

• I-Wye College: umsuka weziphambano ezibalulekile ezisebenzisa i-Yeoman.
• Imvelaphi ye-Pioneer hop: ibhalwe ngemigqa yokuzalanisa esekwe e-Yeoman.
• Uhlu lozalo lwe-Super Pride hop: luvele kumnikelo we-Yeoman nokukhetha e-Australia.

Inkambu ye-hop ekhanyiswe ngokusagolide equkethe amakhoni e-Yeoman hop agqamile ngaphambili, anemigqa yamabhiyini aluhlaza aholela endlini yasepulazini ephakathi kwamagquma ebangeni. Ulwazi olwengeziwe

Ukutholakala, Ukuyekwa, kanye nokuthi Itholakalaphi Idatha Yomlando

Abakhiqizi abafuna ukutholakala kwe-Yeoman kufanele bazi ukuthi ayisathengiswa ngamashaneli avamile. I-Beermaverick inikeza ikhodi eshumekiwe namanothi aqinisekisa ukuyekwa kwayo. Iphinde icacise ukuthi ayixhumekile kubalimi be-hop noma abakhiqizi.

Izingobo zomlando zamaresiphi zisafaka kuhlu lwe-Yeoman ngenani elincane leziphuzo. Ukuhlaziya kuveza izindlela zokupheka ezingaba ngu-38 ezikhuluma nge-hop. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukulandelelwa kuka-Yeoman kutholakala kumamiksi omlando, noma kungatholakali namuhla.

Kulabo abazama ukuthenga ama-Yeoman hops, abaqoqi kanye nabathengisi abakhethekile bangokubheja okungcono kakhulu. Izitolo eziningi ezithengisayo azisayiphathi. Ukufakwa kuhlu kwamasheya omlando kumasayithi afana ne-BeerLegends, i-GreatLakesHops, ne-Willingham Nurseries inikeza izinkomba ezedlule, hhayi isitoko samanje.

Abacwaningi nabaphisi botshwala abafuna idatha yomlando ye-Yeoman bangathola ulwazi olubalulekile kumadokhumenti e-USDA hop cultivar kanye namanothi afakwe kungobo yomlando we-Beermaverick. Le mithombo inemininingwane yamanothi okuzalanisa, amarekhodi esilingo, namadethi okutholakala adlule. Basiza ukuchaza ukuthi kungani u-Yeoman ayekwa.

• Hlola isizindalwazi seresiphi ukuze uthole izibonelo namanothi okusetshenziswa lapho u-Yeoman evela khona.
• Bheka kumafayela wecultivar we-USDA wokuzalaniswa nokubhaliswa okuboshelwe kudatha yomlando ye-Yeoman.
• Sesha ukufakwa kuhlu kwendali okukhethekile nezinkundla zabaqoqi be-hop uma uzama ukuthenga ama-Yeoman hops, ukhumbula ubuqiniso namasheke akhona.

Imibiko yesitoko nokutholakala iqinisekisa ukuthi i-Yeoman ayikho emakethe yezohwebo. Amarekhodi abonisa ukuyeka kuka-Yeoman asebalulekile. Basiza abaklami balandelele amaresiphi efa noma i-hop lineage yokufunda yezinhlelo zokuzalanisa.

Izimo ezikhulayo kanye nezici zezoLimo ze-Yeoman

I-Yeoman ivuthwa kusenesikhathi, ngokuvuna kusukela ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba kuya ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba ezimweni zezulu zesiNgisi. Yasungulwa eWye College ngeminyaka yawo-1970. Izinhlobonhlobo zakhethwa ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo kwensimu okuthembekile kanye nokuvumelana nezimo ezipholile.

Izivivinyo zenkundla zibonisa i-Yeoman inezinga lokukhula elimaphakathi kuya phezulu. Lokhu kuyenza isebenze kumayadi e-commercial hop. Ukuthuthuka kwayo kwe-canopy kusiza abalimi ukuthi baphathe amashejuli okuqeqeshwa kanye nokuthena ngezidingo zabasebenzi ezibikezelwayo.

Isivuno se-Yeoman sisukela ku-1610 kuya ku-1680 kg ngehektha. Lezi zibalo, uma ziguqulwa, zihambisana nezilinganiso ezijwayelekile zamahektare. Lokhu kunikeza abaphisi botshwala nabalimi amathemba angokoqobo okuhlelwa kokukhiqiza kanye nokubikezela kokuhlinzeka.

Ukumelana nesifo sika-Yeoman kuyisici esiqinile se-agronomic. Kubhalwe ukuthi amelana ne-verticillium wilt, downy mildew, kanye ne-powdery mildew. Lokhu ukumelana kunciphisa ukulahlekelwa futhi kwehlisa ukuncika ekufakweni okujwayelekile kwesibulala-sikhunta.

Izici ze-cone zifanele ukutshalwa kwezentengiso, noma usayizi onembile kanye namamethrikhi okuminyana angalinganiswa kakhulu emithonjeni yomlando. Abalimi bathole ukuthi ama-cones ahlangabezana nezindinganiso zokucubungula ukuze omiswe futhi afakwe ama-pellets ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwawo.

• Umsuka: I-Wye College, eNgilandi, ngawo-1970.
• Ukuvuthwa kwesizini: kusenesikhathi; ukuvuna ekuqaleni kukaSeptemba - ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba.
• Izinga lokukhula: kumaphakathi kuya phezulu.
• Isivuno se-Yeoman: 1610–1680 kg/ihektha.
• Ukumelana nezifo ze-Yeoman: i-verticillium wilt, i-downy mildew, i-powdery mildew.

Kubalimi abahlola izinhlobo, i-Yeoman agronomy inikeza ibhalansi yesivuno esibikezelwayo kanye nomfutho wezifo ophansi. Lezi zici zenze ukuhlukahluka kube ukukhetha okunengqondo lapho izimo zezulu nezimakethe zifana nephrofayili yakho.

Ukugcinwa Nokuguga Ukuziphatha kwe-Yeoman Hops

Isitoreji se-Yeoman hop sithinta kokubili ukumunyu nephunga. Izigaxa ziyifomu elijwayelekile, elinamafutha asukela ku-1.7-2.4 mL/100g. Lokhu okuqukethwe kukawoyela okunesizotha kusho ukuthi iphunga liyaphela ngokushesha kunezinhlobo zikawoyela omningi ezingeni lokushisa elilingana negumbi.

Izimo ezibandayo, ezinomoya-mpilo omncane zinciphisa ukulahleka kukawoyela oguquguqukayo futhi zilondoloze ama-alpha acid. Ukugcina ezikhwameni ze-Mylar ezivalwe nge-vacuum noma ngaphansi kwe-nitrogen emazingeni okushisa esiqandisi kuthuthukisa ukuphila isikhathi eside. Abadayisi kufanele bagweme imijikelezo efudumele ebandayo esheshisa i-oxidation.

Idatha yokugcinwa ibonisa cishe u-80% wokugcinwa kwe-alpha kwe-Yeoman ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ku-20°C (68°F). Lesi sibalo sisiza ukuhlela uhlu lwezimpahla ezindala. Ukuze uthole i-dry-hopping noma iphunga, sebenzisa inkatho entsha noma wandise i-hop mass ukuze unxephezele.

• Isikhathi esifushane: kufika ezinyangeni ezintathu ezingeni lokushisa legumbi lisebenzela ukubaba ngokulahleka okuncane kwe-alpha.
• Isikhathi esimaphakathi: isitoreji esiqandisiwe, esincishiswe komoya-mpilo sigcina amafutha nama-alpha acid kangcono.
• Isikhathi eside: qhwa noma ugcine ngaphansi kuka-0°C ukuze ukhulise ukugcinwa lapho i-Yeoman iguga igxuma izinyanga eziningi.

Njengoba ingekho impushana ye-lupulin yokuhweba ye-Yeoman, ukuphatha izigaxa kubalulekile. Nciphisa ukuchayeka komoya lapho ukala futhi uthatha umthamo. Ukuze uthole amarisiphu aqhutshwa yi-extract, landelela amanani e-alpha eduze ukuze ulungise noma yikuphi ukwehla.

Lapho uhlola ama-Yeoman hops, isampula yephunga futhi ulinganise umnikelo we-IBU ngaphambi kwamaqoqo amakhulu. Iziphuzo zokuhlola ezincane zisiza ukunquma ukuthi ukulahlekelwa uwoyela kuye kwafiphala amanothi ezimbali noma amakhambi.

Izibonelo Zeresiphi Namanothi Okusetshenziswa Afaka u-Yeoman

Ngezansi kunezinhlaka zeresiphi ezisebenzayo kanye namanothi okusetshenziswa e-Yeoman acacile ukusiza ukudala kabusha umlingiswa ongokomlando. Idathasethi ikhombisa amaresiphi angu-38 e-Yeoman ane-avareji yebhili ye-hop eduze no-38% wawo wonke ama-hops. Sebenzisa lokho njengenhloso yokuqala yobhiya usebenzisa i-Yeoman.

I-single-hop elula yesiNgisi ebabayo (all-grain): 5 gal batch, malt base ephaphathekile 90%, crystal 10%. Engeza i-Yeoman (noma shintsha iThagethi) ngemizuzu engama-60 ukuze umunyu futhi futhi ngemizuzu eyi-10 ukuze uthole iphunga. Gcina i-IBUs imaphakathi, 30–40, ukuze ubonise izici ezinhle ze-citrus.

Ilaza yesitayela se-Kölsch yakudala: i-pilsner malt ekhanyayo, imvubelo efana ne-White Labs WLP029. Sebenzisa i-Yeoman ukuthola ibhili ye-hop engu-15–20% enenkokhiso encane ebabayo yangaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nesengezo se-whirlpool sekwephuzile ukuze uphakamise amanothi e-citrus ngaphandle kokulingana kwe-malt.

Kuma-alles aphaphathekayo: fanisa imvubelo edumile ekubhanqweni kwezibalo ezifana ne-Safale US-05 noma i-Wyeast 1056. Setha umnikelo ka-Yeoman ube cishe u-30–40% wengqikithi yama-hop, nokungezwa kwe-hopstand ukuze kulondolozwe amafutha aguquguqukayo futhi ilethe iphunga elimnandi le-citrus kumabhiya usebenzisa i-Yeoman.

• Isu lokungena esikhundleni: sebenzisa Ithagethi yokubaba unikezwe ama-alpha acid aphezulu, bese uhlanganisa i-Challenger ne-Northdown sekwephuzile ukuze ulingise iphunga lika-Yeoman.
• Ithiphu yomthamo: uma i-Yeoman iyinhloko, hlukanisa ama-hops phakathi kuka-70% ngaphambi kwesikhathi (okubabayo) kanye no-30% sekwephuzile (ukunambitheka/iphunga) ukuze ugcine ukucaca kwewolintshi.
• Umdlalo wemvubelo: ama-fermenters angathathi hlangothi, ahlanzekile avumela i-Yeoman ikhanye; Izinhlobo ze-ester-forward zingagcwalisa unqenqema lwewolintshi uma zifuna ubunkimbinkimbi.

Lapho wakha kabusha amarisiphu ayigugu, khulisa izengezo sekwephuzile kanye nokuba khona kwe-hop eyomile ukuze ubuyisele ama-aromatics alahlekile avela ezinhlobonhlobo ezingasaqhubeki. Le ndlela isiza ukugcina iphrofayili ebonwa kumabhiya omlando usebenzisa i-Yeoman.

Kwabaphisi botshwala be-extract and partial-mash: i-scale hop bill by gravity. Gcina amanothi okusetshenziswa kwe-Yeoman ebonakala ekhadini leresiphi: iphesenti lebhili ye-hop, isikhathi sokungezwa, kanye nezinye ezinconyiwe. Lokho kugcina ukuphindaphinda kufana kuwo wonke amaqoqo.

Cabangela amaqoqo amancane okuhlola ukuze ushunise umnikelo wokubaba kanye nebhalansi yephunga. Izibalo ziphakamisa ukuthi abaphisi botshwala abaningi bazinze eduze kwebhili ye-hop eyodwa kwezintathu ye-Yeoman kumamiksi e-multi-hop. Sebenzisa leso silinganiso uma uhlanganisa ne-Challenger noma i-Northdown ukuze usondele kumlingiswa wangempela.

Ukucatshangelwa Kwezobuchwepheshe Kwabaphisi Botshwala Besimanje

Ukuphisa kwe-Yeoman kudinga ukuhlelwa ngokucophelela kokucubungula i-hop. Njengoba abahlinzeki abakhulu abafana ne-Yakima Chief, Hopsteiner, kanye ne-BarthHaas benganikeli nge-lupulin noma impushana, abaphisi botshwala kufanele bavumelane nefomethi yeqabunga eliphelele noma i-pellet. Lolu shintsho luthinta indlela i-Yeoman esingathwa ngayo ekuphisweni kwe-cryo-style.

Ama-alpha acid e-Yeoman ngokuvamile asukela kumaphesenti ayi-12 kuye kwayi-16. Nokho, amanye amarekhodi elebhu abonisa amanani aphansi njengamaphesenti angu-6.7. Kubalulekile ukuthi ubheke imibiko yelebhu yomlando lapho ubuyekeza amarisiphu amadala. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi izibalo ze-IBU zinembile futhi ibhalansi yokumunyu ilungile.

Amazinga e-co-humulone acishe abe ngamaphesenti angama-25, okunomthelela ekubabeni okuhlanzekile kunokunambitha okunokhahlo. Lesi sici siyazuzisa lapho uhlela izengezo ezibabayo. Kuyasiza ekuzuzeni iphrofayili ye-mash elinganiselayo kanye nephrofayili yokugxuma sekwephuzile.

Ukwakheka kukawoyela okuphelele kubalulekile ekulahlekeni kwamathumba nokugcina iphunga. I-Myrcene, cishe ngamaphesenti angu-48, ilahlekelwa amandla ngokushisa. Kungcono ukusebenzisa ama-hops acebile nge-myrcene ekwengezwe kwakamuva noma ama-whirlpool hops. I-Humulene, cishe amaphesenti angu-20, inikeza umgogodla oqinile futhi igcina ukunambitheka kwayo kangcono ngesikhathi sokubilisa.

Ngaphandle kwe-cryo Yeoman, abaphisi botshwala bangahlola ezinye izindlela ezifana ne-cryo-processed Target ye-flavour egxilile. Ukuqhuba izivivinyo ze-split-batch kungasiza ukuqhathanisa ukuqina kwephunga. Lungisa izisindo ze-hop sekwephuzile ngokusekelwe kokuncanyelwayo kwezinzwa.

Uma ufaka esikhundleni, cabanga nge-Target, Challenger, noma ama-Northdown hops. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zinikeza amaphrofayili e-flavour ahlukene. Ithagethi yengeza i-citrus-pine punch, i-Challenger inikela ngamanothi asemhlabeni, futhi ibhuloho laseNorthdown lihlanganisa ukunambitheka kwezimbali nezinhlaka.

Ukucutshungulwa kwe-hop okusebenzayo kwe-Yeoman kufaka phakathi ukugaya okucolisekileyo kwama-pellets nokudlulisa okuthambile ukuze kuncishiswe ukuchayeka komoyampilo. Sebenzisa izikhwama ze-hop noma ama-hop-back ukuze uthole izengezo ezinkulu zamuva. Landelela njalo izibalo ze-alpha namafutha ukuze wenze izinguquko ezinolwazi.

Ngokwenza utshwala be-Yeoman, yenza izivivinyo zebhentshi ukuze uhlole ukuhlukaniswa kwe-isomerization nokugcinwa kwephunga. Khuphula imiphumela yelebhu ibe osayizi bokukhiqiza, bhala impendulo yezinzwa, futhi ugade ukuhlukahluka kwe-alpha. Le datha izoqondisa ukuthuthukiswa kweresiphi yesikhathi esizayo.

• Qinisekisa i-alpha endaweni ngayinye ngaphambi kokubala ama-IBU.
• Hlela izengezo sekwephuzile ukuze uthwebule ibhalansi ye-myrcene ne-humulene.
• Sebenzisa ezinye ezibambele noma ezinye ze-Yeoman cryo uma ifomu le-lupulin lidingeka.

Isiphetho

U-Yeoman ubambe indawo ebalulekile emlandweni we-hop waseBrithani. Ithuthukiswe e-Wye College ngeminyaka yawo-1970, bekuyizinhlobonhlobo ezinezinjongo ezimbili. Ihlanganise iphunga lesiNgisi elisawolintshi nama-alpha acid aphezulu, okulenza libe nezinto ezihlukahlukene kukho kokubili okubabayo nephunga elimnandi ekuphekeni kwendabuko. Iphrofayili yayo ibhalwe kumarekhodi amaningi okuphisa kanye namasethi edatha ezibalo.

Yize i-Yeoman ingasatholakali kwezohwebo, umthelela wayo usazwakala. Umthelela wayo wofuzo ungabonakala ezinhlobonhlobo ezifana ne-Pioneer ne-Super Pride. Kulabo abafuna ukuphinda uhlamvu lwayo, imibiko ye-alpha efakwe kungobo yomlando namanothi e-agronomic kubalulekile. Lokhu kungatholakala ku-BeerLegends, amafayela wecultivar we-USDA, nokuhlaziya okukhethekile.

Uma wenza izindlela zokupheka, cabangela i-Yeoman njengendawo yokuqala. Nokho, qinisekisa njalo amanani e-alpha athile namathrendi okumatanisa ngaphambi kokuphothula iresiphi yakho. Ifa le-Yeoman aligcini nje ngokunikela ngezakhi zofuzo kodwa futhi kuphunga layo elibhaliwe, idatha yamakhemikhali, kanye nokusetshenziswa okurekhodiwe. Lolu lwazi luhlala lubalulekile ekukhetheni ama-hop kanye nokuzalanisa kukho kokubili ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo yezandla neyokuthengisa.

Ukufunda Okuqhubekayo

Uma ukujabulele lokhu okuthunyelwe, ungaphinda uthande lezi ziphakamiso:

• Ama-Hops Ekuphiseni Ubhiya: First Choice
• Ama-Hops in Beer Brewing: Gargoyle
• Ama-Hops in Beer Brewing: Galena