Isithombe: Ama-fermenters anezinhlobo ezahlukene zemvubelo

Esimweni esihlanzekile selabhorethri lapho isayensi ihlangana khona nobuciko bokuvutshelwa, ama-fermenters amane engilazi evalekile ame umugqa ohlanzekile, ngamunye umkhumbi okhanyayo wokuguqula. Lezi zibiliboco azizona nje iziqukathi—zingamafasitela okuziphatha okuguquguqukayo kwezinhlobo zeyeast ezisetshenziswa lapho kutshalwa, ngayinye ibhalwe ukuthi ingubani: imvubelo ephezulu, imvubelo ebilayo, imvubelo eyingxube nemvubelo yasendle. Amalebula acacile futhi anenhloso, aqondisa isibukeli ngocwaningo lokuqhathanisa lomsebenzi we-microbial kanye nomthelela wawo ekuthuthukisweni kukabhiya.

Imvubelo ephawulwe ngokuthi “IMVUbelo ESINGAPHEZULU” iyaphila ngokunyakaza nokuthungwa. Ungqimba oluwugqinsi lwe- krausen—uqweqwe olunegwebu, olunamaprotheni amaningi olwakheka lapho luvutshelwa ngamandla—luthwesa umqhele phezu koketshezi. Le nqwaba enamagwebu iwuphawu lwezinhlobo ze-ale yeast, ezibilayo emazingeni okushisa afudumele futhi zikhuphuke ziye phezulu phakathi nesigaba sazo sokusebenza. Igwebu liminyene futhi linokhilimu, lixutshwe imibala esagolide ebamba ukukhanya kwe-ambient, okuphakamisa ukuvutshelwa okuqinile okuqhubekayo. Ngaphansi kwe-krausen, uketshezi lubonakala lufiphele kancane, lugcwele amaseli eyeast amisiwe kanye nemikhiqizo yokuvutshelwa. Lo mkhumbi ukhipha amandla, ukumelela okubonakalayo kweyeast ngendlela ecacile kakhulu.

Eduze kwayo, “IMBIbelo ENGABILELA ENGAPHANSI” inikeza umehluko omkhulu. Uketshezi olungaphakathi lucace ngokuphawulekayo, lunethoni yenhlaka ephaphathekile ekhanya kancane ngaphansi kwezibani zaselabhorethri. Phansi komkhumbi, ungqimba oluhlangene lwe-yeast sediment luzinzile, lwakha umbhede ohlanzekile wamaseli angasebenzi. Ingaphezulu lizolile, linegwebu elincane kuphela, elibonisa ukuvutshelwa okupholile, okuhamba kancane okuvamile kwemvubelo yelager. Lolu hlobo lusebenza ngokuthula, ngendlela, futhi ukuziphatha kwalo kubonakala ekucaceni nasekuthuleni koketshezi. Kuyisifundo sokuzibamba nangokunemba, lapho umnikelo wemvubelo ucashile kodwa ubalulekile.

Imvubelo yesithathu, ebhalwe ukuthi “HYBRID YEAST,” iveza indawo ephakathi phakathi kwalokhu okubili okweqisayo. Uketshezi luguqubele ngokulingene, lunongqimba oluthambile lwegwebu phezulu kanye nenhlabathi ekhanyayo kwakheka ngezansi. Lolu hlobo lwemvubelo, okungenzeka ukuthi lwakhiwe noma olukhethelwe ukwenza izinto ezihlukahlukene, lubonisa izici zakho kokubili imvubelo ye-ale ne-lager. Iphrofayili yayo yokuvubela iyalinganisela, ikhiqiza ubhiya ohlanganisa ama-ester anezithelo zezinhlobo ezivubela phezulu kanye nesiphetho esihlanzekile salezo ezivubela phansi. Izimpawu ezibonakalayo—igwebu elithambile, izinhlayiya ezimisiwe, kanye nomzimba ovuleke kancane—uphakamisa ukuvutshelwa okuguquguqukayo kodwa okulawulwayo, okulungele izitayela zesimanje ezifiphalisa imingcele evamile.

Okokugcina, imvubelo "yemvubelo yasendle" igqama ngokubukeka kwayo okungalindelekile. Igwebu elingaphezulu liyamagwinya futhi alilingani, linezinhlayiya ezintantayo kanye nokuthungwa okungajwayelekile okukhomba ubunkimbinkimbi obungaphakathi. Uketshezi luguqubele, lucishe lube lufifi, lunemibala ehlukahlukene kanye nokuminyana okuphakamisa isiko elixubile lemvubelo yasendle kanye namagciwane okungenzeka. Le fermenter ihlanganisa ukuzenzela kanye nobungozi, ngokuvamile obuhlotshaniswa ne-farmhouse ales noma obhiya omuncu. Imvubelo yasendle yethula uhla lwama-flavour-kusuka kumhlaba kanye ne-funky kuya kwe-tart ne-acidic-futhi isignesha yayo ebonakalayo ingenye yezinxushunxushu nokudala. Kuyimvubelo edelela ukufana, igone okungaziwa.

Ngemuva, amashalofu afakwe izinto zengilazi zaselabhorethri kanye nesibonakhulu ziqinisa ukuqina kwesayensi kwesilungiselelo. Izindawo ezihlanzekile, amathoni angathathi hlangothi, nokukhanya okuthambile kudala isimo sokugxila nokubuza. Lesi isikhala lapho ukuvutshelwa kungagcini ngokubonwa kodwa kufundwa khona, lapho ibhamuza ngalinye le-CO₂ liphunyuka ku-airlocks liyindawo yedatha, futhi uhlobo lwemvubelo ngalunye luyisihloko sokuhlola.

Ngokuhlangene, lezi zibiliboco ezine zakha ithebula eliphoqelelayo lokuhlukahluka kwemvubelo, ebonisa ukuziphatha okuhlukile kanye nezimpawu ezibonakalayo zezinhlobo ezahlukene. Isithombe simema ababukeli ukuthi bajabulele inkimbinkimbi yokuvutshelwa—hhayi nje njengenqubo yamakhemikhali, kodwa njengokuphila, ukuxhumana okuthuthukayo phakathi kwesayensi yezinto eziphilayo nemisebenzi yezandla. Umkhosi wamandla angabonakali abumba ukunambitheka, ukuthungwa, nephunga, kanye nesikhumbuzo sokuthi ngemuva kwayo yonke ingilazi kabhiya kukhona umhlaba womlingo we-microbial.

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